Sentences with phrase «shown in model simulations»

Not exact matches

These computer simulations of an abstract model (closely related to the features which characterize self - organizing chemical and biological systems) clearly show that the origin of intrinsic capacity for self - definition can be understood in detail, at least in relatively simple cases.

Sak - Saracino showed that using a simulation model makes it possible to uncover morphological changes in iron - nickel crystals occurring as the temperature radically changes.

Even when Unger adjusted his model to account for the fact that not all patients may get the new treatment, and even when he lowered the effect of the new treatment to three, not five years, the model showed a benefit of at least 2 million years in nearly every simulation.

According to Yousuke Sato of the RIKEN Advanced Institute for Computational Science (AICS), «this research shows that powerful supercomputers, by performing more fine - grained simulations, can help us to model weather and climate patterns in a more realistic way.

Sandia National Laboratories researchers Michael Chandross, left, and Nicolas Argibay show a computer simulation and an ultrahigh vacuum tribometer used in friction and wear testing, which are among the tools they use in a collaborative effort that developed a model to predict the friction behavior of metals.

For the RCP8.5 projections, which represents stronger increases in greenhouse gas concentrations than RCP4.5, there was a striking level of consistency in the magnitude of change in AR frequency — all models showed an approximate doubling of the number of future ARs compared to the simulations for 1980 — 2005.

Applied in combination with crop simulation models, it is also possible to evaluate local adaptation strategies as successfully shown in an earlier study for barley in Finland.

A 2000 - year transient climate simulation with the Community Climate System Model shows the same temperature sensitivity to changes in insolation as does our proxy reconstruction, supporting the inference that this long - term trend was caused by the steady orbitally driven reduction in summer insolation.

This simulation of the early universe shows matter arranged in filaments; a new observation supports this model.

Dr Stephen Grimes of Plymouth University, who initiated the research project, highlighted the climate changes that must have caused this increase in sediment erosion and transport — «We have climate model simulations of the effect of warming on rainfall during the PETM event, and they show some changes in the average amounts of rainfall, but the largest change is how this rainfall is packaged up — it's concentrated in more rapid, extreme events — larger and bigger storms.»

However, unlike the climate model simulations, the new precipitation reconstruction does not show an increase of wet and dry anomalies in the twentieth century compared to the natural variations of the past millennium.

The study, published online today in Nature Communications, used sophisticated climate model simulations to show that El Niño tends to peak during the year after large volcanic eruptions like the one at Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines in 1991.

We show elsewhere (8) that a forcing of 1.08 W / m2 yields a warming of 3/4 °C by 2050 in transient climate simulations with a model having equilibrium sensitivity of 3/4 °C per W / m2.

Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project 2 (PMIP - 2) simulations shown in bottom left and right panels do not include the radiative influences of LGM changes in mineral dust or vegetation.

As an application of our method, we examine thermal phase mixing in the context of Ginzburg - Landau models with short - range interac... ▽ More We show how to achieve lattice - spacing independent results in numerical simulations of finite - temperature stochastic scalar field theories.

The model is called INCA Microplastics, and simulations have showed a strong influence of meteorological conditions and river characteristics and flows in controlling the export of microplastics from agricultural soils and their transport to the ocean.

Visually, the benefits of higher spatial resolution models can be easily seen in the comparative images between a 200 km and 25 km spatial resolution simulation shown below.

In 2007, the model simulations showed even a first flux inversion, in course of which the Java Sea took up COIn 2007, the model simulations showed even a first flux inversion, in course of which the Java Sea took up COin course of which the Java Sea took up CO2.

The picture shows a simulation of the Earth's magnetosphere in the Gumics - 4 global MHD model.

At the Mazda display at the Chicago Auto Show you will find the Mazda Raceway simulation game which is modeled from the actual Mazda Raceway Laguna Seca in California.

The fact that a wide range of different models (including ours) give a reasonably good simulation of the past millennium with this forcing was already shown in the IPCC AR4, see Figs. 6.13 and 6.14.

If one examines our model's control simulations for the 1982 - 2006 period, which show a trend towards increasing hurricane activity over this period, and correlates this activity with SST in the Main Development Region, and then tries to use this correlation to predict the 21st century behavior of the model, it clearly doesn't work.

We show elsewhere (8) that a forcing of 1.08 W / m2 yields a warming of 3/4 °C by 2050 in transient climate simulations with a model having equilibrium sensitivity of 3/4 °C per W / m2.

These uncertainties are reflected in the model simulations of aerosol concentrations which all show similar total amounts, but have very different partitions among the different types.

Here, a multidecadal surface «AMO» signal tied to the Atlantic meridional overturning is shown to be robust in a 1400 year control simulation of the HadCM3 coupled model.

Thus comparisons to model simulations (which generally estimate an impact comparable to that of Pinatubo in 1991) showed a pretty big mismatch (see Hansen et al (2007)-RRB-.

Mike's work, like that of previous award winners, is diverse, and includes pioneering and highly cited work in time series analysis (an elegant use of Thomson's multitaper spectral analysis approach to detect spatiotemporal oscillations in the climate record and methods for smoothing temporal data), decadal climate variability (the term «Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation» or «AMO» was coined by Mike in an interview with Science's Richard Kerr about a paper he had published with Tom Delworth of GFDL showing evidence in both climate model simulations and observational data for a 50 - 70 year oscillation in the climate system; significantly Mike also published work with Kerry Emanuel in 2006 showing that the AMO concept has been overstated as regards its role in 20th century tropical Atlantic SST changes, a finding recently reaffirmed by a study published in Nature), in showing how changes in radiative forcing from volcanoes can affect ENSO, in examining the role of solar variations in explaining the pattern of the Medieval Climate Anomaly and Little Ice Age, the relationship between the climate changes of past centuries and phenomena such as Atlantic tropical cyclones and global sea level, and even a bit of work in atmospheric chemistry (an analysis of beryllium - 7 measurements).

I did so, and in so doing pointed out a number of problems in the M&N paper (comparing the ensemble mean of the GCM simulations with a single realisation from the real world, and ignoring the fact that the single GCM realisations showed very similar levels of «contamination», misunderstandings of the relationships between model versions, continued use of a flawed experimental design etc.).

In the following, after a description of the used radiative transfer model we show spectrally resolved typical simulations of atmospheric transmission and OLR for a standard atmospheric situation.

Hansen himself (and, for full disclosure, my boss), revisited those simulations in a paper last year, where he showed a rather impressive match between the recently observed data and the model projections.

The climate model simulation shown in the figure in the main article above is a coupled OAGCM which does exhibit El Nino - type variability, etc..

Interestingly, the long - term variations indicated by the model simulations compared remarkably well with those documented by the tree - ring reconstruction, showing no obvious sign of the potential biases in the estimated low - frequency temperature variations that have been the focus of much previous work (see e.g. this previous RealClimate review).

The overflows further north are (i) unlikely to have an influence on the temperatures in the «cold blob», and (ii) are largely independent of the AMOC in the open Atlantic — at least that is suggested by a model simulation of the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology in Hamburg, for which we show a correlation analysis in Fig. 2b in our paper.

The model simulations (upper right panel) driven by all known climate forcings over the period in question show a very similar pattern of weakening.

Computer model simulations tend to capture the slow rate of warming in the western Pacific over the last few decades, but they show the warm pool heating rapidly in the future.

They show a very similar pattern — see the right globe in Figure 1 — and the annual cycle of change — more cooling in winter — also corresponds to that of the model simulation.

It is not that the polar regions are amplifying the warming «going on» at lower latitudes, it is that any warming going on AT THE POLES is amplified through inherent positive feedback processes AT THE POLES, and specifically this is primarily the ice - albedo positive feedback process whereby more open water leads to more warming leads to more open water, etc. *** «Climate model simulations have shown that ice albedo feedbacks associated with variations in snow and sea - ice coverage are a key factor in positive feedback mechanisms which amplify climate change at high northern latitudes...»

Member of the team Alena Kimbrough says, «We've shown ENSO is an important part of the climate system that has influenced global temperatures and rainfall over the past millennium... Our findings, together with climate model simulations, highlight the likelihood that century - scale variations in tropical Pacific climate modes can significantly modulate radiatively forced shifts in global temperature.»

«Climate model simulations have shown that ice albedo feedbacks associated with variations in snow and sea - ice coverage are a key factor in positive feedback mechanisms which amplify climate change at high northern latitudes...»

Most climate model simulations show a larger warming in the tropical troposphere than is found in observational data sets (e.g., McKitrick et al., 2010; Santer et al., 2013).

However, the simulation of clouds in climate models has shown modest improvement relative to models available at the time of the AR4, and this has been aided by new evaluation techniques and new observations for clouds.

Our study shows that in 35 - years long high - resolution simulations the new model version can reproduce the state of the Fenno - Scandinavian lakes realistically, thus leading to a better representation of the overall climate.

Ensemble simulations conducted with EMICs (Renssen et al., 2002; Bauer et al., 2004) and coupled ocean - atmosphere GCMs (Alley and Agustsdottir, 2005; LeGrande et al., 2006) with different boundary conditions and freshwater forcings show that climate models are capable of simulating the broad features of the observed 8.2 ka event (including shifts in the ITCZ).

Natural variability from the ensemble of 587 21 - year - long segments of control simulations (with constant external forcings) from 24 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 3 (CMIP3) climate models is shown in black and gray.

Here we show the first results from simulations in a new experimental climate model, the «Ultra-Parameterized» Community Atmosphere Model, Umodel, the «Ultra-Parameterized» Community Atmosphere Model, UModel, UPCAM.

There is a new myth circulating in the climate contrarian blogosphere and mainstream media that a figure presented in the «leaked» draft Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report shows that the planet has warmed less than previous IPCC report climate model simulations predicted.

As shown in Figure 2, the IPCC FAR ran simulations using models with climate sensitivities (the total amount of global surface warming in response to a doubling of atmospheric CO2, including amplifying and dampening feedbacks) correspoding to 1.5 °C (low), 2.5 °C (best), and 4.5 °C (high).

Then we optimized the reactor prototypes with flow modeling and numerical simulations and the resulting new reactor generation is what we showed in this research paper.

The forcings and model simulations of the future are together called the CMIP5 ensemble and are what is shown in Figure 1a and b.

Regional climate simulations, driven by two «well performing» dynamically downscaled IPCC models, also shows an amplification of historical summer temperature and precipitation extremes is occurring in conjunction with the Pacific sea surface temperature influence on US regional climate.