Sentences with phrase «signal peptide from»

We replaced the bacterial periplasmic signal peptide from RBP with a plant signal peptide.

Not exact matches

Next, the researchers looked to the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, where signals from peripheral nerves are routed to the brain, and found the receptors for Nppb in a group of neurons that release a molecule called gastrin - releasing peptide, or GRP.

MALDI - MS analysis revealed an absence of Aβ signal in non-transgenic animals (Figure 5) at both time points, indicating that detected Aβ peptides predominantly derive from the human APP transgene expression or reflecting the low level of endogenous rodent Aβ [51].

Scientists can screen collections of small organic molecules — the type of molecules needed for pill - based drugs — to find any that compete with the peptides by binding tightly to Gα proteins and preventing them from transmitting signals.

The team crafted the peptide using clues from structural studies of one of Gαq's known signaling partners.

Once secreted from the fat body, these two peptides stimulate secretion of insulin - like peptides, which results in elevating insulin - signaling activity in the rest of the body to stimulate body growth.

Although no signaling molecules that act downstream of the Slif / TOR pathway have been identified yet, these fat body - derived signals ultimately regulate the production of insulin - like peptides (Drosophila insulin - like peptides; Dilps) secreted from the brain [10][9].

Abbreviations: Aβ, amyloid β - peptide; AD, Alzheimer's disease; ALS, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; Ambra1, activating molecule in Beclin -1-regulated autophagy; AMPK, AMP - activated protein kinase; APP, amyloid precursor protein; AR, androgen receptor; Atg, autophagy - related; AV, autophagic vacuole; Bcl, B - cell lymphoma; BH3, Bcl - 2 homology 3; CaMKKβ, Ca2 + - dependent protein kinase kinase β; CHMP2B, charged multivesicular body protein 2B; CMA, chaperone - mediated autophagy; 2 ′ 5 ′ ddA, 2 ′, 5 ′ - dideoxyadenosine; deptor, DEP - domain containing mTOR - interacting protein; DRPLA, dentatorubral pallidoluysian atrophy; 4E - BP1, translation initiation factor 4E - binding protein - 1; Epac, exchange protein directly activated by cAMP; ER, endoplasmic reticulum; ERK1 / 2, extracellular - signal - regulated kinase 1/2; ESCRT, endosomal sorting complex required for transport; FAD, familial AD; FDA, U.S. Food and Drug Administration; FIP200, focal adhesion kinase family - interacting protein of 200 kDa; FoxO3, forkhead box O3; FTD, frontotemporal dementia; FTD3, FTD linked to chromosome 3; GAP, GTPase - activating protein; GR, guanidine retinoid; GSK3, glycogen synthase kinase 3; HD, Huntington's disease; hiPSC, human induced pluripotent stem cell; hVps, mammalian vacuolar protein sorting homologue; IKK, inhibitor of nuclear factor κB kinase; IMPase, inositol monophosphatase; IP3R, Ins (1,4,5) P3 receptor; I1R, imidazoline - 1 receptor; JNK1, c - Jun N - terminal kinase 1; LC3, light chain 3; LD, Lafora disease; L - NAME, NG - nitro - L - arginine methyl ester; LRRK2, leucine - rich repeat kinase 2; MIPS, myo - inositol -1-phosphate synthase; mLST8, mammalian lethal with SEC13 protein 8; MND, motor neuron disease; mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin; mTORC, mTOR complex; MVB, multivesicular body; NAC, N - acetylcysteine; NBR1, neighbour of BRCA1 gene 1; NOS, nitric oxide synthase; p70S6K, ribosomal protein S6 kinase - 1; PD, Parkinson's disease; PDK1, phosphoinositide - dependent kinase 1; PE, phosphatidylethanolamine; PI3K, phosphoinositide 3 - kinase; PI3KC1a, class Ia PI3K; PI3KC3, class III PI3K; PI3KK, PI3K - related protein kinase; PINK1, PTEN - induced kinase 1; PKA, protein kinase A; PLC, phospholipase C; polyQ, polyglutamine; PS, presenilin; PTEN, phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted from chromosome 10; Rag, Ras - related GTP - binding protein; raptor, regulatory - associated protein of mTOR; Rheb, Ras homologue enriched in brain; rictor, rapamycin - insensitive companion of mTOR; SBMA, spinobulbar muscular atrophy; SCA, spinocerebellar ataxia; SLC, solute carrier; SMER, small - molecule enhancer of rapamycin; SMIR, small - molecule inhibitor of rapamycin; SNARE, N - ethylmaleimide - sensitive factor - attachment protein receptor; SOD1, copper / zinc superoxide dismutase 1; TFEB, transcription factor EB; TOR, target of rapamycin; TSC, tuberous sclerosis complex; ULK1, UNC -51-like kinase 1; UVRAG, UV irradiation resistance - associated gene; VAMP, vesicle - associated membrane protein; v - ATPase, vacuolar H + - ATPase; Vps, vacuolar protein sorting

Peptide quantification is facilitated by associating signal intensities in features with peptide sequences derived from MS2 sPeptide quantification is facilitated by associating signal intensities in features with peptide sequences derived from MS2 speptide sequences derived from MS2 spectra.

Protein sequences from 3D7 reference P. falciparum strain were truncated to remove endogenous signal peptides and sequences corresponding to GPI anchors.

These include insoluble extracellular plaques made of beta - amyloid peptide (Aβ); intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) resulting from the hyperphosphorylation of tau (a microtubule - associated protein); loss of hippocampal neurons; a decrease in production of brain acetylcholine; and a marked decline in glucose usage in regions of the brain associated with memory and learning.5,11,20 - 22 All of these changes can be logically explained as the sequelae resulting from long - term dysregulation of insulin signaling and glucose metabolism.

The homeostasis of body weight regulation and hunger signaling is composed of complex circuits of both central signals including orexin, neuropeptide Y, melanin concentrating hormone and alpha - melanocyte, and peripheral signals from the gut and adipose tissue, such as ghrelin, peptide YY and leptin (75).