Sentences with phrase «signaling pathway known»

A study published in the Jan. 1, 2016 online issue of Cancer Research, demonstrates dietary sugar's effect on an enzymatic signaling pathway known as 12 - LOX (12 - lipoxygenase).

The mutation impacts an important signaling pathway known as Wnt, that contributes to the function of many cell types.»

The findings, published in the Jan. 1, 2016 online issue of Cancer Research, demonstrated dietary sugar's effect on an enzymatic signaling pathway known as 12 - LOX (12 - lipoxygenase).

Poznansky's team — with lead scientist Huabiao Chen, PhD, corresponding author of the current report — had been investigating applications of AMD3100, a drug that blocks the CXCR4 / CXCR12 signaling pathway known to be involved in cancer development and in the way in which mesothelioma evades the immune system.

The effectiveness of the therapy lies in its ability to target a pro-survival cell signaling pathway known as PI3K / AKT / mTOR, upon which the leukemia cells have become dependent.

Through numerous studies, Szyf has found that common signaling pathways known to lead to cancerous tumors also activate the DNA - methylation machinery; knocking out one of the enzymes in that pathway prevents the tumors from developing.

The notion that a Nanog positive, ICM - like population of high probability self - renewing cells is a developmental ground state is supported by the expansion of this state in the presence of a blockade on the major signalling pathways known to promote ES cell differentiation, the MAP kinase / ERK cascade and GSK3β [42], [50].

Not exact matches

When mutated, BRAF, an enzyme that acts in a signaling cascade known as the MAPK / ERK pathway, becomes overactive and leads to increased cellular growth, a hallmark of cancer.

Activation of the PI3K / AKT signal pathway is a known driver of the progression of prostate cancer to the castrate - resistant stage, the most lethal form of prostate cancer.

LKB1 is known to work through different pathways, primarily the mTORC1 and AMPK signaling pathways, in conventional T cells and other settings.

Previous studies have shown that such vulnerability can lead to more frequent anxiety, and anxiety is known to activate a metabolic pathway responsible for the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, signaling proteins that include interleukin - 6 (IL - 6).

«Now that we know the cell of origin for Barrett's esophagus, the next step is to develop therapies that target these cells or the signaling pathways that are activated by acid reflux,» said Dr. Que.

In testing multiple HDAC inhibitors in combination with the chemotherapy drug paclitaxel, known to give some benefit for this aggressive cancer, they found that class II HDAC inhibitors signal through a newly discovered pathway to promote synergy with chemotherapy treatment.

Rapamycin, which is an inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway, has a variety of cellular functions and is known to possess both immunosuppressant and anti-tumor properties.

Consistent with previous findings, Apc suppression in the animals activated the Wnt signaling pathway, which is known to control cell proliferation, migration, and survival.

Half of all melanomas harbor an activating mutation in the BRAF gene that turns on the cancer signaling pathway in cells known as the MAP kinase pathway.

Research led by Margery Smelkinson found that NS1 modulates the activitiy of a signaling cascade known as the Hedgehog pathway (so named because fruit fly larvae lacking the Hedgehog gene emerge hairless and resemble tiny hedgehogs).

Researchers used the new therapy to inhibit a pathway in the cancer cells known as mTOR signaling — putting the brakes on this pathway, combined with the current standard therapy, caused more of the cancer cells to die.

However, little is known about the specific growth - signaling pathways affected by DNA methyltransferase enzymes like DNMT3B.

«The mechanism we demonstrated is the most sensitive cellular thermometer known to date, since the signaling pathways that trigger a heat shock or cold shock hardly react in this physiologically relevant temperature range,» explained Prof. Dr. Florian Heyd.

In Nature Communications, the scientists conclude that the JAK / STAT signalling pathway, known to be tightly linked to inflammatory processes and tumour growth, determines where, when and how a wing develops in Drosophila.

But the researchers discovered that when the bacteria glom onto responsive colon cancer cells, the microbes boost a signal sent through a relay chain known as the beta - catenin pathway.

Through many painstaking experiments, she zeroed in on a signaling pathway called Wnt, known to be important in mouse lung development.

They also investigated if the genes were involved in any known signaling pathways.

A related study, also published in PLOS Genetics, shows that RPM - 1 functions as a part of a novel pathway to control β - catenin activity — this is the first evidence that RPM - 1 works in connection with extracellular signals, such as a family of protein growth factors known as Wnts, and is part of larger signaling networks that regulate development.

Jagged1 plays a key role in a cell signaling pathway involved in many body systems, but it was not previously known to affect Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

While the VEGF treatment escape pathway is known to be induced and sensitized by PDT, the research team found that PDT also induces signaling via the MET pathway.

«Our results with Drosophila exhibit surprising similarities in some respects to what we know about the regulation of resting phases in mammals, allowing for speculation as to whether the Hippo signaling pathway in neural stem cells functions in the same manner in both vertebrates and invertebrates,» stated the paper's first author Rouven Ding.

The Hippo signaling pathway, which is highly conserved up to humans, was known to play a critical role in organ size determination, like, for example, in the liver, but has not been demonstrated to influence neural stem cells in the central nervous system.

«The idea would be to use mice genetically engineered to have suppressed insulin signaling, and then treat them with the drug rapamycin, which is well - known to suppress the TOR pathway.»

Knowing that inflammation improves insulin signaling rather than hindering it could usher in a new era for treatment of type 2 diabetes, one that targets molecules in the inflammatory pathway.

Their findings may turn out to be important when it comes to research into cerebral cancer, since it is known that components of the Hippo signaling pathway, such as neurofibromin 2, are involved in the generation of brain tumors.

The Mainz - based team of geneticists working with Dr. Christian Berger has now discovered that growth starts earlier if the Hippo signaling pathway is deactivated, meaning the resting phase can no longer be correctly maintained.

Normally, when the body detects an outside invader such as a virus, a signalling system known as the PKA pathway responds by turning on 99 genes that then activate T - cells to destroy the invader.

«In addition to known disease - related genes, we have discovered seven novel genes as the cause of X-linked intellectual disability and analysed what signaling pathways in the cells each protein is involved in,» says Kalscheuer.

«In this work, Mathangi Ramesh has found a new pathway — a signaling pathway downstream of HER2 that we didn't know about before,» Tonks says.

Research of the last decade revealed that the CNS and the vascular system share many molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways, which is also known as neurovascular link.

«Almost nothing is known» about the molecular and cellular mechanism by which water is detected in the mouth and throat, and the neural pathway by which that signal is transmitted to the brain, says Zachary Knight, a neuroscientist at the University of California, San Francisco.

«We found that the well - known Notch protein is responsible for keeping blood vessels from becoming leaky, and does so through a secondary signaling pathway that operates in a completely different manner than its known transcription - based pathway,» says Chris Chen, M.D., Ph.D., Associate Faculty member of the Wyss Institute and Professor of Biomedical Engineering at Boston University, who is the corresponding author of the paper.

«Secret alter ego of well - known protein fights leaky blood vessels: Surprise discovery of a new pathway governed by Notch signaling protein opens door for better drug development.»

Researchers also know that a cellular pathway called the Wnt signaling pathway induces hair growth.

But what scientists did not know is how the mutations trigger a molecular signaling pathway that leads to the death of photoreceptor cells.

It has been known for a number of years that PREX2 is a GTP / GDP exchange factor that inhibits a tumor suppressor protein called PTEN, and that this process can promote tumorigenesis by activating the PI3K signaling pathway (Fine et al., 2009; Hodakoski et al., 2014; Figure 1A).

The arabinogalactan sugar chain is commonly present in the cell wall of plants and is known to be involved in various signaling pathways within the cell.

4 The downstream signaling pathways of some growth factor receptors was also intact because many of the cell lines exhibited proliferative responses to certain of the known endothelial cell mitogens.

A well - known class of proteins may fill in the dotted lines that connect signal transduction pathways to the genes they regulate.

The ortholog genes that were found to be associated with cartilage development, along with bmp which acts as a key member gene, are known to be involved in the Wnt signaling pathway (Kim et al., 2013; Lin & Hankenson, 2011).

Around 60 % of human colorectal cancers have mutations in the KRAS, BRAF or ERBB genes — all of which encode proteins coupled to the Ras pathway, a well - known way of transmitting signals within cells.

While core pathways for BR metabolism and signaling have largely been defined, little is known about the molecular mechanisms regulating BR homeostasis and how these in turn modulate plant development.

His team uncovered a genetic element known as a silencer that plays a crucial role in shaping the molecular identity of CD4 cells, as well as the immunological signaling pathways in which CD4 and CD8 molecules participate along with the T cell antigen receptor.