Results have been mixed, ranging from gains in high school graduation and college enrollment rates (e.g., Chingos and Peterson 2012), small increases in reading and math scores (e.g., Greene et al. 1998), or increases in math but not reading scores (Rouse 1998), to
no significant change in test scores (e.g., Howell and Peterson 2006; Wolf et al. 2011).
Not exact matches
The GRE, administered by Educational
Testing Service, is rolling out
significant changes to its content, design,
scoring and format next August, while the GMAT is adding a new integrated reasoning section
in June of 2012.
What's more, the team found that the mothers»
scores on a standard
test that gauges the degree of a mom's attachment to her infant could be predicted to a
significant degree based on the
changes in their gray matter volume during pregnancy.
Another
test assay, the global acne grading
score (GAGS), «did not
change by a
significant amount»
in either group, but was still slightly higher
in the sunflower seed group.
In sum, Krueger and Zhu take three methodological steps to generate results that are not statistically
significant: 1)
changing the definition of the group to be studied, 2) adding students without baseline
test scores, and 3) ignoring the available information on baseline
test scores, even though this yields less precise results.
«We also find that «F» - graded schools engaged
in systematically different
changes in instructional policies and practices as a consequence of school accountability pressure, and that these policy
changes may explain a
significant share of the
test score improvements (
in some subject areas) associated with «F» - grade receipt.»
Though the increased emphasis on the mechanics of taking
tests should be considered a factor
in the increase of mathematics and reading
scores throughout this period, survey results also found signs of
significant changes in teachers» emphasis on content
in language arts and
in the time devoted to content appropriate to grade level
in mathematics.
National
tests indicate also that there was no
significant change in Washington D.C.
scores while Ms. Rhee was
in control of the school system.
A
significant number of schools that received School Improvement Grants — as many as half — were not included
in the analysis for a variety of reasons, including missing data, the schools were shut down or the state
tests were
changed, making it impossible to compare
scores over time.
Given the small number of Virginia's Hispanic
test takers, NCES does not regard recent year - to - year
changes in the average
scores and proficiency levels of these students as statistically
significant.
The actual magnitude of these
changes in test scores, however, is not statistically
significant at conventional levels and is relatively small compared with Baron's findings.
2000 Results began to demonstrate that the
changes in Finland's educational system were making a
significant difference as demonstrated by
scoring third on a global assessment, the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), a standardized
test given to 15 - year - olds
in approximately 40 countries.
In addition, this questionnaire presents good test — retest reliability, even for testing after 6 months (correlation coefficients from 0.60 to 0.90, except for bodily pain (0.43)-RRB-.53 Finally, the SF - 36 is sensitive to change, 57 with a difference of 5 points in scale scores being clinically significant, as suggested by Ware et al.
In addition, this questionnaire presents good
test — retest reliability, even for
testing after 6 months (correlation coefficients from 0.60 to 0.90, except for bodily pain (0.43)-RRB-.53 Finally, the SF - 36 is sensitive to
change, 57 with a difference of 5 points
in scale scores being clinically significant, as suggested by Ware et al.
in scale
scores being clinically
significant, as suggested by Ware et al. 58
Results of grouped t
tests and Mann - Whitney U
tests to show t or z values, degrees of freedom, and p values for the
significant differences
in the
changes in scores between the control and intervention group
In tests of the main study hypotheses, the experimental group showed a significant decrease in attachment anxiety after the online program, t (25) = 4.69, p <.001, d = 1.03, but no decrease in attachment avoidance, t (25) = -0.96, p =.35, d = 0.19, and there was no significant difference between the two study groups on either change in anxiety scores, controlling for baseline avoidance, F (1, 47) = 0.39, p =.54, η2p =.008, or change in avoidance scores, controlling for baseline anxiety, F (1, 47) = 0.49, p =.49, η2p =.010, from pre-test to post-tes
In tests of the main study hypotheses, the experimental group showed a
significant decrease
in attachment anxiety after the online program, t (25) = 4.69, p <.001, d = 1.03, but no decrease in attachment avoidance, t (25) = -0.96, p =.35, d = 0.19, and there was no significant difference between the two study groups on either change in anxiety scores, controlling for baseline avoidance, F (1, 47) = 0.39, p =.54, η2p =.008, or change in avoidance scores, controlling for baseline anxiety, F (1, 47) = 0.49, p =.49, η2p =.010, from pre-test to post-tes
in attachment anxiety after the online program, t (25) = 4.69, p <.001, d = 1.03, but no decrease
in attachment avoidance, t (25) = -0.96, p =.35, d = 0.19, and there was no significant difference between the two study groups on either change in anxiety scores, controlling for baseline avoidance, F (1, 47) = 0.39, p =.54, η2p =.008, or change in avoidance scores, controlling for baseline anxiety, F (1, 47) = 0.49, p =.49, η2p =.010, from pre-test to post-tes
in attachment avoidance, t (25) = -0.96, p =.35, d = 0.19, and there was no
significant difference between the two study groups on either
change in anxiety scores, controlling for baseline avoidance, F (1, 47) = 0.39, p =.54, η2p =.008, or change in avoidance scores, controlling for baseline anxiety, F (1, 47) = 0.49, p =.49, η2p =.010, from pre-test to post-tes
in anxiety
scores, controlling for baseline avoidance, F (1, 47) = 0.39, p =.54, η2p =.008, or
change in avoidance scores, controlling for baseline anxiety, F (1, 47) = 0.49, p =.49, η2p =.010, from pre-test to post-tes
in avoidance
scores, controlling for baseline anxiety, F (1, 47) = 0.49, p =.49, η2p =.010, from pre-test to post-test.