However, some measures showed no statistically
significant effect of the program.
Not exact matches
«[I] t appears that the effort to restructure the Medicaid
program will have the
effect of making
significant reductions in a
program that provides services to our most vulnerable populations, and already pays providers significantly less than the cost
of providing care,» wrote AHA president and CEO Richard Pollack.
Studies
of the Nurse Family Partnership model followed children to 6 years and found
significant program effects on language and cognitive functioning as well as fewer behaviour problems in a randomized controlled trial study.24 In addition, more recent evaluations
of Healthy Families America have shown small, but favourable
effects on young children's development.25, 26
Interventions that have demonstrated a broad range
of effects require
significant resources and there will be ongoing pressure to use established
program models while reducing the resources involved in their implementation.
The
program of prenatal and infancy home visiting by nurses has produced consistent
effects on clinically
significant outcomes in three separate trials with different populations living in different contexts and at different points in U.S. social and economic history.
Finally, a Finnish trial
of universal home visiting by nurses35 and two U.S.
programs implemented by master's degree - level mental health or developmental clinicians have found
significant effects on a number
of important child behavioural problems.36, 37 Additionally, a paraprofessional home visitation
program found
effects on externalizing and internalizing behaviours at child age 2; however due to the large number
of effects measured in this study, replication
of the findings is warranted.38
The Legacy
program is based on the belief that parents can have a
significant effect on their children's development, regardless
of their circumstances.
«A
significant body
of research has resulted in a shift from thinking
of placebos as just «dummy» treatments to recognizing that placebo
effects encompass numerous aspects
of the health care experience and are central to medicine and patient care,» said the article's coauthor Ted Kaptchuk, Director
of the
Program in Placebo Studies at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC) and Professor
of Medicine at Harvard Medical School.
«Most surprising is that the blast wave was still strong enough to cause
significant effects in the atmosphere
of Saturn, which is nearly a billion miles from the sun and has a magnetic field much larger than Earth's,» says Ed Stone
of Caltech, chief scientist
of NASA's Voyager
program.
Besides, «unlike medication, which was found to have no
significant effect on mild cognitive impairment, «the exercise
program has numerous other benefits (
of which we're all aware).
Significant effects of professional - development
programs were found when
programs focused on content knowledge in the math and science subject areas plus pedagogical training in teaching the subject matter.
As with the Opportunity Scholarship
Program, the elimination
of the Excellence Commission will not have a
significant immediate
effect on Florida schoolchildren.
The Milwaukee school choice
program and the response
of Milwaukee Public Schools are especially
significant in light
of Frederick M. Hess's study
of the
effects of competition on large urban school districts.
The second study, conducted by Mills and Wolf, showed similar negative
effects in year one but also showed that by year two
of the
program, differences in math had moderated and there were no
significant differences in literacy performance.
The final report on the Early Reading First
program, conducted by outside researchers under contract to the research arm
of the U.S. Department
of Education, found the
program has had the most
significant effect in improving classroom activities and materials, as well as teacher practices related to literacy development.
A 2004 NCREL meta - analysis
of 116
effect sizes from 14 web - delivered K — 12 distance - education
programs between 1999 and 2004 found «no
significant difference in performance between students who participated in online
programs and those who were taught in face - to - face classrooms... in almost every comparison, students in distance education
programs performed as well as students in classroom - based
programs.»
Research on the
effect of existing private school voucher
programs has not shown
significant achievements for students in those
programs, the report asserts.
The uncertainty surrounding the achievement
effects of the DC voucher
program is because we set the high standard
of 95 % confidence to judge a voucher benefit as «statistically
significant», and we could only be 94 % confident that the final - year reading gains from the DC
program were statistically
significant.
Hyunsan Cho and colleagues conducted an experimental study
of the
program's impact and found no
significant effect on delinquency immediately following the intervention or at the six - month follow - up.
Studies targeting the practice
of mindfulness — and understand there are many mindfulness
programs out there — have revealed
significant benefits, which have prompted researchers to investigate the
effects on mindfulness on children, including in school settings.
When a positive
effect of a
program is not statistically
significant, there is a decent chance that it really is 0 or even negative.
While the jury is still out on the
effects of these
programs on student test scores, there is
significant evidence that they positively influence how far students continue in their schooling.
Indeed, a recent federal evaluation
of the School Improvement Grants
program couldn't unearth any
significant effects on learning, no matter how the data were diced.
In fact,
effects that may appear
significant at the conclusion
of the
program itself frequently fade to the vanishing point by the time youngsters have progressed as far as 3rd grade.
Even though our estimates
of the
program's impact are not statistically
significant, we can not rule out the possibility
of substantial positive
effects.
An evaluation
of the Apollo 20
program found that infusing these high - performing charter school best practices into HISD schools had a statistically
significant effect on math achievement that rivals student - achievement gains in math
of high - performing charter schools.
The scale - up grants are aimed at practices, strategies or
programs in which sponsors can show strong evidence
of having a statistically
significant effect on improving student achievement or growth.
But the new study, just updated in December by Dartmouth College economist Elizabeth Cascio, finds that universal
programs have a
significant positive
effect on the reading scores
of poor kids, while targeted
programs do not.
The validation grants are set aside for practices, strategies or
programs that show promise
of having a statistically
significant effect on improving student performance.
A 2017 multi-state review
of voucher
programs by Carnoy with the Economic Policy Institute found that students in voucher
programs scored significantly lower than traditional public school students on reading and math tests and found no
significant effect of vouchers leading to improved public school performance.
The other study, which did not have ideal data, could not detect
significant effects of the Milwaukee voucher
program on segregation across Milwaukee schools.
A gold - standard study funded by the U.S. Department
of Education, the federal Centers for Disease Control, and the W.T. Grant Foundation has demonstrated that The 4Rs
Program has a
significant positive
effect on children's social, emotional, and academic competency, and on classroom climate.
All
of these
effects, however, were limited to the year they spent in the Head Start
program; there were no
significant positive
effects in the kindergarten or first - grade years.
In a new report published in the Journal
of Policy Analysis and Management today, researchers were able to show that Tulsa's pre-K
program has
significant, positive
effects on students» outcomes and well - being through middle school.
Prior rigorous evaluations
of the
program have generally found positive
effects of TFA teachers on students» learning in math and science and no
significant differences in reading or language arts, compared with non-TFA teachers»
effects in the same schools.
Finally, we find
significant variance inflation in the estimated
program effects when controlling for school fixed
effects, and that the size
of the variance inflation factor depends crucially on the length
of the window used to compare graduates teaching in the same schools.
In addition to these four state - based studies
of voucher
program impacts on test scores, some recent studies do show positive
effects on graduation rates, parent satisfaction, community college enrollment, and other nonachievement - based outcomes, but it is unclear if these outcomes are lasting and valid.23 For example, research shows that nationally, graduation rates for students in public schools and peers participating in voucher
programs equalize after adjusting for extended graduation rates.24 Some critics suggest that private schools may graduate students who have not successfully completed the full
program.25 Also, in regard to parent satisfaction, while some studies do show greater satisfaction among parents whose children participate in voucher
programs, the most recent evaluation
of the D.C. voucher
program shows that any increase in parent or student school satisfaction is not statistically
significant.26
Advocates continue to emphasize that research shows that quality early childhood
programs can have
significant effects in terms
of lower crime, improved educational outcomes and other quality -
of - life factors, for at least some period
of time.
This 0.12 score drop is the equivalent
of an average student in the 50th percentile dropping to the 45th percentile after participating in the D.C. voucher
program for one year.36 According to the IES study, participating in the D.C. voucher
program had no statistically
significant effect on reading achievement.37
Contrary to this logic, hundreds
of studies have documented the positive and statistically
significant effects of afterschool
programming on academic achievement («Taking a Deeper Dive» 4).
«One
of the most
significant effects of Acura's new racing
program is the reintroduction
of an American - made engine back into our prototype categories.
Results (Table S5) revealed a
significant main
effect of Maternal behavior (Wald = 12.98, P < 0.001): Puppies raised by mothers exhibiting more maternal behavior were more likely to be released from the
program (OR = 3.39).
The mirrored
effect of the image highlights the disparity between the extraordinary wealth
of the elite and the lack
of significant health and social
programs for the country's struggling citizens.
On January 2, 2011, EPA's motor vehicle GHG emission standards will go into
effect, making GHGs air pollutants «subject to regulation» under the Clean Air Act's Prevention
of Significant Deterioration (PSD) pre-construction permitting
program.
In this direction, some recent studies investigated that children and adolescents who attended educational
programs focused on the promotion
of self - efficacy in life skills reduced the onset
of at - risk and maladaptive behaviors (Griffin et al., 2003; Botvin & Griffin, 2004; Yankah & Aggleton, 2008; Menrath et al., 2012; Jegannathan, Dahlblom, & Kullgren, 2014): it was possible to observe a
significant and positive
effect for the reduction
of health - risk behaviors in the intervention group, compared to control group (see Menrath et al., 2012), confirming the efficacy
of school - based on life skills
programs.
They have demonstrated small beneficial
effects of educational television viewing over the medium - term for children
of a lower socioeconomic status (SES) and negative, though generally not
significant,
effects of noneducational
programming.
Although there were no
significant differences between groups, positive
effect sizes (range:.25 — .40) were found for the COPE
program with respect to maternal state anxiety at 3
of the 4 postdischarge time points.
There were no statistically
significant program effects for the nurses on women's use
of ancillary prenatal services, educational achievement, use
of welfare, or their children's temperament or behavior problems.
Although there was no statistically
significant difference between the 2 study groups with respect to the adaptive skills composite and the internalizing composite, there were positive
effects of the COPE
program at 12 months (
effect size:.45 and.38, respectively).
The
effect was small, but was identified in the whole
program group, instead of only in a smaller subgroup.86 In Memphis, more positive interactions were observed in the subgroup of women who possessed low psychological resources.87 Likewise, home - visited mothers in Early Head Start were rated as more supportive during play with their children than controls, though the effect was small.88 Maternal sensitivity was also examined in Hawaii Healthy Start, the Healthy Families evaluations in San Diego and Alaska, and the Comprehensive Child Development Program, though none identified significant e
program group, instead
of only in a smaller subgroup.86 In Memphis, more positive interactions were observed in the subgroup
of women who possessed low psychological resources.87 Likewise, home - visited mothers in Early Head Start were rated as more supportive during play with their children than controls, though the
effect was small.88 Maternal sensitivity was also examined in Hawaii Healthy Start, the Healthy Families evaluations in San Diego and Alaska, and the Comprehensive Child Development
Program, though none identified significant e
Program, though none identified
significant effects.