A few of the major challenges for district and school leaders aiming to improve teaching and learning in their organizations are to identify which elements or conditions in schools and classrooms have
a significant effect on student learning; to figure out which of those elements or conditions are relatively accessible to their intervention (directly or indirectly) and finally to determine what are the most productive forms for those interventions to take.
On the other hand, one - shot, «drive - by,» or fragmented, «spray - and - pray» workshops lasting 14 hours or less show no statistically
significant effect on student learning (Darling - Hammond, Wei, Andree, Richardson, and Orphanos, 2009).
Researchers have shown that educators» racial biases and stereotypes, whether explicit or unconscious, have
significant effects on student learning and feelings of inclusion.
Not exact matches
Across studies, teacher professional development in mathematics showed
significant positive
effects on student learning.
Three years later and thousands of miles away from daily politics (King left office in January after serving the maximum two terms), he is even more enthusiastic about the Maine
Learning Technology Initiative that took
effect last fall and that he predicted would «put Maine
on the technological map,» produce «the country's most digitally literate teachers and
students,» and «be the most
significant project in the history of the state.»
Despite the smaller (i.e., than for teachers and teaching), yet still
significant measured
effects on student learning for school - based factors beyond the classroom — Hattie has calculated an
effect size of 0.39 for principals / school leaders [3]-- research evidence has confirmed that «school leaders can play major roles in creating the conditions in which teachers can teach effectively and
students can
learn».
All schools present
significant challenges for states and other entities charged with holding them accountable for their
effects on student learning outcomes.
We found relatively small but
significant effects of leader efficacy
on student learning.
The multiple linkages model asserts a prominent role for «situational variables» — the size of the work group, organizational policies and procedures, the prior training and experience of members — which mediate what the leader is able to do.131 For example, the size of the school will have a
significant effect on how well teachers know other teachers; it also will affect the way in which teachers form workgroups or departments to talk about their work.132 The fragmented nature of professional communities, rather than size per se, becomes a constraint
on how principals try to organize professional communities to focus
on instruction and
student learning.
Extensive research
on assessment and
learning shows that skilled use of formative assessment has a
significant positive
effect on student learning (Black & Wiliam, 1998; Heritage, 2007; Stiggins & DuFour, 2009).
They found «a modest, statistically
significant, positive
effect on student test scores,» which they quantified as three additional weeks of
learning per year in American schools (and four weeks when international studies were included).
A growing body of research suggests that the design of a
learning space can have a
significant effect on student success.
Robert Marzano has conducted more than 60 educational studies showing that there is a
significant effect on students» academic achievement when games and activities are applied to their
learning process.
Prior rigorous evaluations of the program have generally found positive
effects of TFA teachers
on students»
learning in math and science and no
significant differences in reading or language arts, compared with non-TFA teachers»
effects in the same schools.
Evidence of this type, as reported and reviewed since about 1980,4 suggests that the direct and indirect
effects of school leadership
on student learning are small but
significant.
Some evidence suggests that
student engagement is a strong predictor of
student learning.6 Recently, at least 10 largescale, quantitative studies, similar in design, have assessed the
effects of leadership behavior
on student engagement; all have reported
significant positive
effects.7