This breakdown showed that certain states, such as New York for example, that would expected to see its increasing population and affluence bring along
significantly higher carbon dioxide emissions instead saw those emissions fall thanks to politics that favored environmental protections.
Specimens of elkhorn coral living in water with excess
carbon dioxide have been studied for fertilization rates, ability of larvae to settle on reef substrate (where they produce new corals), and subsequent growth and survival.3 Three levels of
carbon dioxide were tested, corresponding to concentrations today, at mid-century, and at the end of the century on a
high -
emissions path.3, 5 At the mid-century concentration, the ability of fertilization to occur and for larvae to settle successfully on the reef was
significantly reduced: around 52 percent, and the decline intensified to about 73 percent at the late - century concentration.3 The corals» ability to survive over the long run declined as well, by an average of 39 percent and 50 percent respectively.3, 4