Sentences with phrase «simulated effects of changing»

The simulated effects of changing monthly temperature and precipitation included a distinctive dieback of extant trees at most locations, with only partial recovery of biomass in areas of today's temperate deciduous forest.

You can use the IB Risk Navigator to simulate the effects of changes in your portfolio.

Not exact matches

The Warming Meadow's radiators raise average soil temperatures by about three degrees Fahrenheit, decrease growing season soil moisture by up to twenty percent and advance the spring snowmelt date by up to a month in order to simulate predicted effects of climate change.

When the researchers simulated a second effect of climate change in addition to warming, namely drought, the results were even the opposite as expected: The soil animals ate less, and also the microorganisms living in the soil showed a decline in respiration — an indication that they also consumed less food.

Since trends in convective rainfall are not easily detected in daily rainfall records, or well - simulated by global or regional climate models, the researchers created a new tool to assess the effects of climate change on rainfall patterns and trends in dryland areas.

The model enables to explore the effects of climate change on forestry ecosystems under changed environmental conditions and to simulate different management scenarios and compare them.

Thanks to the marked altitude steps of the East African mountains — genuine open - air laboratories — IRD scientists and their Kenyan partners from ICIPE, KEFRI and the University of Nairobi simulated the effects of climate change on crops.

However, a new University of Minnesota study with more than 1,000 young trees has found that plants also adjust — or acclimate — to a warmer climate and may release only one - fifth as much additional carbon dioxide than scientists previously believed, The study, published today in the journal Nature, is based on a five - year project, known as «B4Warmed,» that simulated the effects of climate change on 10 boreal and temperate tree species growing in an open - air setting in 48 plots in two forests in northern Minnesota.

«By improving how we simulate the biological pump in the ocean, we both improve the model and reveal this unexpected resilience, whereby global - scale changes to the physical properties of the ocean have a smaller effect on the biological pump.

Brovkin, V., et al., 2006: Biogeophysical effects of historical land cover changes simulated by six Earth system models of intermediate complexity.

- a lot of focus was put on sound effects in order to immerse players in the world of Hyrule - the development team worked with Sound Racer, a studio specialized in sound effects - this studio also worked on Xenoblade Chronicles X - they recorded more than 10 000 different sounds for the game - the team used a school bag to simulate the sound of rubbing leather - for the sound of «normal» footsteps, they mixed various kinds of sands - for the sounds of equipment, they had to search for various materials and find ways to use them - they used an actual block of ice to recreate the sound of footsteps on ice - with the ice block, it always ended up melting, or getting cracks when the staff had to walk on it - Link's footsteps were made by a woman - depending on Link's actions and the equipment he's using / wearing, the recorded sounds were separated out individually - the volume is changed as needed to make a particular sound stand out - check out sound effect samples here

The two scientists, with colleagues from the UK, the U.S., the Netherlands and Czechoslovakia, report in Nature Climate Change that they used mathematical models to simulate the effect of temperature rise as a response to ever - greater global emissions of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, from the combustion of fossil fuels.

For example, many mechanistic models used to simulate the ecological effects of climate change operate at spatial resolutions varying from a single plant to a few hectares.

«Fig. 1a shows an averaged IRIS cloud - cleared... and land / island areas have been masked out... Figure 1c shows the component of the simulated spectrum that includes only the effect of trace - gas changes between 1970 and 1997 (omitting..

Rather than questioning the primary role of the atmospheric CO2, our modelling results allow us to put forward that the atmospheric CO2 is not the whole story and that, owing to the overwhelming effect and interplay between the paleogeography, the water cycle and the seasonal response, the climate system may undergo subtle climatic changes (as the 4 °C global warming simulated here between the Aptian and the Maastrichtian runs).

To test how well a climate model predicts possible changes in ocean circulation due to climate change, GISS scientists have simulated the effects of a massive flood of fresh water some 8000 years ago.

The simulated change of GM in the last 30 yr has a spatial pattern that differs from that during the Medieval Warm Period, suggesting that global warming that arises from the increases of greenhouse gases and the input solar forcing may have different effects on the characteristics of GM precipitation.

We find that the multi-model simulated responses to the effect of anthropogenic forcing or the effect of anthropogenic and natural forcing combined are consistent with observed changes.

Climate scientist Kevin Trenberth also notes that the change in the estimated aerosol forcing is mainly associated with indirect aerosol effects, but half of GCMs don't include these indirect effects, and those that do actually tend to simulate less warming.

As for your V&V discussion, I don't see the relevance of it in this talk, but in the context of physical science of climate change we have overwhelming evidence of model usefulness and verification (water vapor feedback, simulating the Pinatubo eruption effects, ocean heat content changes, stratospheric cooling, arctic amplification, etc).

In order to separate out the effects of greenhouse gases (GHG), these analyses typically regress time series of many observational variables — including latitudinally and / or otherwise spatially distinguished surface temperatures — on model - simulated changes arising not only from separate greenhouse gas and natural forcings but also from other separate non-GHG anthropogenic forcings.

Tubiello, F.N., and F. Ewert, 2002: Simulating the effects of elevated CO2 on crops: Approaches and applications for climate change.

We find that the major effects of clouds on radiation change are linked to known physical processes that are quite consistently simulated by models.

Biogeophysical effects of historical land cover changes simulated by six Earth system models of intermediate complexity.

As the forcing and resulting temperature changes are small, internal variability has a significant effect on simulated changes even when comparing 25 year means, with changes varying in sign over some land areas and most of the ocean.

Simulated radiative no - feedback effects of measured actual CO2 change over the 61 years were calculated and found to be of magnitude easily detectable by the empirical data and analytical methods used.