Studies were only included if: (1) they clearly reported cat ranging behaviour (that is, a description of whether cats were owned or un-owned and whether they were outdoor cats or indoor - outdoor cats), and (2) the group of cats investigated fit exclusively into one of the two groups we defined above (that is, we excluded studies that lumped owned and un-owned cats in
a single predation rate estimate).
Seasonal differences in
predation rates were quantified using data from those cats from
single - cat households studied for ≥ 4 seasons; where an individual had been studied in the same season for two years,
predation rates for that season were averaged.