No estimates of the impacts of class
size reduction suggest impacts anywhere near as large as those related to improving teacher quality.
Not exact matches
suggests that class
size reduction policies are not the best option in terms of value for money to raising pupil attainment, compared to others such as increasing teacher effectiveness.
«I think the
reduction of habitat definitely decreased their population
size,» Hung says, noting something similar may explain the extinction of other outbreak species in North America, like the Rocky Mountain grasshopper in the western U.S. «Our study
suggests that the combination of natural population
size changes and human disturbances drove the rapid extinction of this bird.»
Compared to its sham version, electroacupuncture produced a 25 percent greater
reduction in HFCS,
suggesting that it really could work better — though the modest
size of the study precluded a statistically definitive conclusion.
«Over time, we see a
reduction in shell
size in the archaeological record, which
suggests a systematic use of shellfish,» Dominy says.
This
suggested that the TRL preparations showed no significant differences in particles
size or retinol composition, except for the
reduction in ApoC - III content.
The Tennessee experiment
suggested that a 10 percent
reduction in class
size in grades K — 3 raised students» standard scores by 0.06.
While there may be other mechanisms through which increased school spending improves student outcomes, these results
suggest that the positive effects are driven, at least in part, by some combination of
reductions in class
size, having more adults per student in schools, increases in instructional time, and increases in teacher salaries that may help to attract and retain a more highly qualified teaching workforce.
In Chingos's words, «the study strongly
suggests that monies restricted for the purpose of funding class -
size reduction mandates are not a productive use of limited educational resources.»
Jensen
suggests that the majority of studies around the world have shown that class
size reductions do not significantly improve student outcomes, and that the funds should have been redirected toward enhancing teacher quality.
As in the case of preschool, there is some research evidence that
suggests class -
size reduction can yield significant gains in student achievement in the early grades.
The results illustrated in the graph
suggest that family support in the form of putting more money in the pockets of low - income parents produces substantially larger gains in children's school achievement per dollar of expenditure than a year of preschool, participation in Head Start, or class
size reduction in the early grades.
«Broadly evidence
suggests that class
size reduction policies have an uncertain and diminishing effect on pupil achievement in the long run.»
Using an instrumental variables approach to control for selection bias, the results
suggest an increase in collegiate class
size leads to an increase in dropout rates and a
reduction in on - time degree completion, but no change in long - run degree completion.
iLounge
suggests that such a massive redesign with
size reduction in multiple dimensions could be enabled by a switch to newer IGZO displays and an upgraded processor that demands less power, and hence a smaller battery.
However, for both child abuse and parent stress, the average effect
sizes were not different from zero,
suggesting a lack of evidence for effects in these areas.108 Earlier meta - analytic reviews have also noted the lack of sizable effects in preventing child maltreatment — again citing the different intensity of surveillance of families in the treatment versus control groups as an explanation (though the authors did report that home visiting was associated with an approximately 25 percent
reduction in the rate of childhood injuries).109 Another review focusing on the quality of the home environment also found evidence for a significant overall effect of home - visiting programs.110 More recently, Harriet MacMillan and colleagues published a review of interventions to prevent child maltreatment, and identified the Nurse - Family Partnership and Early Start programs as the most effective with regard to preventing maltreatment and childhood injuries.