Sentences with phrase «slow feedbacks from»

What it ignores are the slow feedbacks from the ice sheets and the carbon cycle itself — as it treates both as boundary conditions.

Factoring in slow feedbacks from ice and vegetation changes would generate a significantly higher ECS, likely in the 4 to 6 C (7.2 to 10.8 F) range, the paper notes.

Not exact matches

«We could throw up a quick study for an entrepreneur for $ 10, and within a day get a lot of feedback from different people about how heavy or light, fast or slow a logo would be,» he says.

Using information from pre-historic climate archives, Zeebe calculated how slow climate feedbacks (land ice, vegetation, etc.) and climate sensitivity may evolve over time.

«The meltwater feedback cycle under the ice shelf will only slow down once the shelf has collapsed, or no more glacial ice flows in from inland to take its place.

All this discussion of the Schmittner et al paper should not distract from the point that Hansen and others (including RichardC in # 40 and William P in # 24) try to make: that there seems to be a significant risk that climate sensitivity could be on the higher end of the various ranges, especially if we include the slower feedbacks and take into account that these could kick in faster than generally assumed.

Plotting GHG forcing (7) from ice core data (27) against temperature shows that global climate sensitivity including the slow surface albedo feedback is 1.5 °C per W / m2 or 6 °C for doubled CO2 (Fig. 2), twice as large as the Charney fast - feedback sensitivity.»

First, most climate simulations, including ours above and those of IPCC [1], do not include slow feedbacks such as reduction of ice sheet size with global warming or release of greenhouse gases from thawing tundra.

It is super critical to make this intentionally slow in order to get feedback from the body on what foods are the most tolerable and what foods the body struggles with.

Schools That Lead continue to refine their Teacher and Principal Leadership Initiatives to incorporate the lessons they have learned from the past three years, including being clearer about the development of an aim statement and theory of action, acknowledging the need to make room to do the improvement work, explicitly examining culture, paying attention to student feedback, starting small and moving slow, collecting and analyzing evidence to build warrant, and actively sharing the work — specifically the processes, results, and what worked and what did not work.

Thanks to the different colors and acoustic feedback used, faster or slower laps can be spotted out of the corner of the driver's eye without any need to look away from the track.

Quiet, refined and relaxed, it feels a little softer and more luxurious than the F - PACE and its other mid-size rivals from Germany on the bitumen, where the air suspension is supple and the steering precise, if a little slow and lacking in feedback.

Whether over the original concerns from parents of expensive device damage and enhanced ebooks being likened to video games, or the young adults» own feedback that reading was for paper, devices were for socialization, children's publishing even now is awfully slow to catch up.

Feedback from our readers indicated they often prefer the paper copies because they have challenges downloading large PDF documents when Internet connectivity is limited or slow.

So if the feedback you get from the markets is slow and unreliable, what's an investor to do?

After finishing the first edition, I got feedback from peers, and things slowed down to... Read more»

It would be even slower without the continual feedback from the early access community.

[1] CO2 absorbs IR, is the main GHG, human emissions are increasing its concentration in the atmosphere, raising temperatures globally; the second GHG, water vapor, exists in equilibrium with water / ice, would precipitate out if not for the CO2, so acts as a feedback; since the oceans cover so much of the planet, water is a large positive feedback; melting snow and ice as the atmosphere warms decreases albedo, another positive feedback, biased toward the poles, which gives larger polar warming than the global average; decreasing the temperature gradient from the equator to the poles is reducing the driving forces for the jetstream; the jetstream's meanders are increasing in amplitude and slowing, just like the lower Missippi River where its driving gradient decreases; the larger slower meanders increase the amplitude and duration of blocking highs, increasing drought and extreme temperatures — and 30,000 + Europeans and 5,000 plus Russians die, and the US corn crop, Russian wheat crop, and Aussie wildland fire protection fails — or extreme rainfall floods the US, France, Pakistan, Thailand (driving up prices for disk drives — hows that for unexpected adverse impacts from AGW?)

Proposed explanations for the discrepancy include ocean — atmosphere coupling that is too weak in models, insufficient energy cascades from smaller to larger spatial and temporal scales, or that global climate models do not consider slow climate feedbacks related to the carbon cycle or interactions between ice sheets and climate.

The «slow feedback» sensitivity is likely to be higher (since carbon cycle, methane and ice sheet feedbacks are very likely positive), however, estimating that from paleo is tricky since we are moving into a new regime which hasn't ever happened before.

Further do we know from proxy records (corals) that the slow ice sheet feedback includes non-linear episodes, when ice sheets disintegrate and abruply cause SLR.

I am thinking that the permafrost feedback article we were discussing was refering to a non-runaway feedback, but rather a delayed feedback, which is otherwise just like the fast feedbacks except that it's slow response would make clear that it does feedback on itself according to the climate sensitivity from all other feedbacks (it drives itself, via climate change, to go farther, but it approaches a limit asymptotically).

Once the ice reaches the equator, the equilibrium climate is significantly colder than what would initiate melting at the equator, but if CO2 from geologic emissions build up (they would, but very slowly — geochemical processes provide a negative feedback by changing atmospheric CO2 in response to climate changes, but this is generally very slow, and thus can not prevent faster changes from faster external forcings) enough, it can initiate melting — what happens then is a runaway in the opposite direction (until the ice is completely gone — the extreme warmth and CO2 amount at that point, combined with left - over glacial debris available for chemical weathering, will draw CO2 out of the atmosphere, possibly allowing some ice to return).

What applies in the case of the «fast» feedback from water vapor or sea ice applies in the case of the «slow» feedback from the carbon cycle and ice sheets.

Spencer + Braswell have shown that over the tropics on a shorter - term basis, the net overall feedback from clouds with warming is negative; this is largely due to an increase in reflection of incoming radiation by increased clouds with a smaller effect from the reduction of energy trapping high altitude clouds, which slow down outgoing radiation by absorbing and re-radiating energy.

Since there are fast and slow feedbacks these all need to be studied in order to determine the expected amount of forcing from each and how these feedbacks affect each other.

These «slow feedbacks,» he says, include greenhouse - gas releases from ecosystems as forests die and permafrost melts.

Based on evidence from Earth's history, we suggest here that the relevant form of climate sensitivity in the Anthropocene (e.g. from which to base future greenhouse gas (GHG) stabilization targets) is the Earth system sensitivity including fast feedbacks from changes in water vapour, natural aerosols, clouds and sea ice, slower surface albedo feedbacks from changes in continental ice sheets and vegetation, and climate — GHG feedbacks from changes in natural (land and ocean) carbon sinks.

Huge natural climate changes, from glacial to interglacial states, have been driven by very weak, very slow forcings, and positive feedbacks.

To point out just a couple of things: — oceans warming slower (or cooling slower) than lands on long - time trends is absolutely normal, because water is more difficult both to warm or to cool (I mean, we require both a bigger heat flow and more time); at the contrary, I see as a non-sense theory (made by some serrist, but don't know who) that oceans are storing up heat, and that suddenly they will release such heat as a positive feedback: or the water warms than no heat can be considered ad «stored» (we have no phase change inside oceans, so no latent heat) or oceans begin to release heat but in the same time they have to cool (because they are losing heat); so, I don't feel strange that in last years land temperatures for some series (NCDC and GISS) can be heating up while oceans are slightly cooling, but I feel strange that they are heating up so much to reverse global trend from slightly negative / stable to slightly positive; but, in the end, all this is not an evidence that lands» warming is led by UHI (but, this effect, I would not exclude it from having a small part in temperature trends for some regional area, but just small); both because, as writtend, it is normal to have waters warming slower than lands, and because lands» temperatures are often measured in a not so precise way (despite they continue to give us a global uncertainity in TT values which is barely the instrumental's one)-- but, to point out, HadCRU and MSU of last years (I mean always 2002 - 2006) follow much better waters» temperatures trend; — metropolis and larger cities temperature trends actually show an increase in UHI effect, but I think the sites are few, and the covered area is very small worldwide, so the global effect is very poor (but it still can be sensible for regional effects); but I would not run out a small warming trend for airport measurements due mainly to three things: increasing jet planes traffic, enlarging airports (then more buildings and more asphalt — if you follow motor sports, or simply live in a town / city, you will know how easy they get very warmer than air during day, and how much it can slow night - time cooling) and overall having airports nearer to cities (if not becoming an area inside the city after some decade of hurban growth, e.g. Milan - Linate); — I found no point about UHI in towns and villages; you will tell me they are not large cities; but, in comparison with 20-40-60 years ago when they were «countryside», many small towns and villages have become part of larger hurban areas (at least in Europe and Asia) so examining just larger cities would not be enough in my opinion to get a full view of UHI effect (still remembering that it has a small global effect: we can say many matters are due to UHI instead of GW, maybe even that a small part of measured GW is due to UHI, and that GW measurements are not so precise to make us able to make good analisyses and predictions, but not that GW is due to UHI).

«In our mor recent global model simulations the ocean heat - uptake is slower than previously estimated, the ocean uptake of carbon is weaker, feedbacks from the land system as temperature rises are stronger, cumulative emissions of greenhouse gases over the century are higher, and offsetting cooling from aerosol emissions is lower.

Excluding slow feedbacks was appropriate for simulations of the past century, because we know the ice sheets were stable then and our climate simulations used observed greenhouse gas amounts that included any contribution from slow feedbacks.

Indeed, the long lifetime of fossil fuel carbon in the climate system and persistence of the ocean warming ensure that «slow» feedbacks, such as ice sheet disintegration, changes of the global vegetation distribution, melting of permafrost, and possible release of methane from methane hydrates on continental shelves, would also have time to come into play.

I agree that reduction in snow or ice cover resulting from warming constitutes a likely slow positive feedback, but its magnitude may be quite small, at least for the modest changes in surface temperature that can be expected to arise if sensitivity is in fact fairly low, so the Forster / Gregory 06 results may nevertheless be a close approximation to a measurement of equilibrium climate sensitivity.

There are, however, also slow feedbacks like the change in surface albedo from the reduction of snow cover that contribute to TCS / ECS.

The remaining slow drift to lower GMT and pCO2 over glacial time, punctuated by higher - frequency variability and the dust − climate feedbacks, may reflect the consequences of the growth of continental ice sheets via albedo increases (also from vegetation changes) and increased CO2 dissolution in the ocean from cooling.

There are a multitude number of pieces of evidence for this, stemming from mass balance arguments, changes in isotopes, O2 / N2 ratios, observed changes in carbon in other sources (acting as a sink), paleo - sensitivity studies showing that CO2 is a relatively slow and weak feedback (~ 10 ppm / C), etc..

Mitigation plans proposed by governments would slow down the rate of carbon emissions but continuing emissions as well as feedbacks from ice melt, warming oceans, methane release and fires would continue to push temperatures upwards.

Recently there have been some studies and comments by a few climate scientists that based on the slowed global surface warming over the past decade, estimates of the Earth's overall equilibrium climate sensitivity (the total amount of global surface warming in response to the increased greenhouse effect from a doubling of atmospheric CO2, including amplifying and dampening feedbacks) may be a bit too high.

DO NOT INCLUDE SLOW FEEDBACKS such as reduction of ice sheet size with global warming or release of greenhouse gases from thawing tundra.

First, most climate simulations, including ours above and those of IPCC [1], do not include slow feedbacks such as reduction of ice sheet size with global warming or release of greenhouse gases from thawing tundra.

A recent study by the International Energy Agency says relying on gas would lead to a CO2e level of 650 ppm, meaning 4 °C global warming from fast feedbacks alone (and 4 °C is surely enough to set off slow feedbacks causing far more warming after this century).

I'm not sure why you would want a text based course, as I find them incredibly boring, but I've had feedback from people who say they prefer it (especially if they have a slow internet connection such as satellite or dial - up).

The limited tactile feedback of these buttons makes typing slower and far less satisfying than other keyboards in which the buttons rise higher from the surface.

Over the course of this fall, we began to receive feedback from some users who were seeing slower performance in certain situations.

However, the company has admitted they got feedback from some customers who pointed out they were seeing slowing performance.

Hi everyone, We have another Cumulative Update for Windows 10 Mobile Insider Preview Build 10586 which we're releasing today to Windows Insiders in the Fast and Slow This build continues to address feedback we've received from Windows Insiders as well... Read more

Further details were also revealed: the game world has boundaries and is not spherical, as no one knows what lies beyond the sea; the aforementioned mysterious girl, Noi, emerges from one of the ruins falling from the sky; gameplay and battle systems have been adjusted in response to feedback about prior games» slow pacing; and boss fights were apparently one of the first things the staff designed.

Although it includes a lot of features, MIUI has suffered a lot of negative feedback from users and developers for being buggy, slow, and entirely different from Google's stock Android experience.