Sentences with phrase «small brain sizes of»

«This could account for small brain sizes of great apes despite their large body sizes.»

Not exact matches

Among the questions that this study raises are whether the surprisingly large number of neurons in bird brains comes at a correspondingly large energetic cost, and whether the small neurons in bird brains are a response to selection for small body size due to flight, or possibly the ancestral way of adding neurons to the brain — from which mammals, not birds, may have diverged.

That is one of the surprising results of the first study to systematically measure the number of neurons in the brains of more than two dozen species of birds ranging in size from the tiny zebra finch to the six - foot - tall emu, which found that they consistently have more neurons packed into their small brains than are stuffed into mammalian or even primate brains of the same mass.

«If chimps with their small brain size can conceptually deal with fire, then maybe we should rethink some of the earliest evidence for fire usage,» Pruetz says.

The shape of the brain case was the first to change: the new skull has a braincase shaped like a typical H. erectus despite its small size.

The brains of migratory birds tend to be smaller than those of similar - sized species that do not migrate.

Its brain was up to twice the size of its predecessor's, its teeth were much smaller, and its body was quite similar to ours.

That device, about the size of a coffee cup saucer, creates a small sphere of acoustic energy that can be aimed at different regions of the brain to excite brain tissue.

The small numbers and large sizes of brain cells in sea slugs make the animals ideal for brain research.

The researchers divided each brain scan into small regions and analysed the neuronal connectivity between them, without making any assumptions about the ideal size of these regions for diagnosis.

Its small brain, low cranial vault shape, absence of a chin, smaller body size and limb proportions all point to a pre-Homo sapiens ancestry.

By now, the fossils have made it clear that these pioneers were startlingly primitive, with small bodies about 1.5 meters tall, simple tools, and brains one - third to one - half the size of modern humans».

However, as chipmakers such as Intel continually shrink the size of their chips so they can act as the brains of increasingly smaller devices, they need new approaches to memory that combine the best assets of solid - state and hard - disk memory and keeps costs comparable, if not lower.

«The tool - using features of the H. naledi hand, in combination with its small brain size, has interesting implications for what cognitive requirements might be needed to make and use tools, and, depending on the age of these fossils, who might have made the stone tools that we find in South Africa,» Tracy Kivell at the University of Kent in England, lead author of one of the two H. naledi papers, said in a statement.

These features include relatively small, orange - sized brains and curved fingers like those of Homo species that lived around 2 million years ago, as well as wrists, hands, legs, feet and body sizes comparable to those of Neandertals and humans.

Along with a larger brain — about two - thirds the size of ours — came a reduction in the size and projection of the face, including much smaller teeth and jaws than those of Paranthropus (H. erectus's contemporary in Africa) and loss of the skull crest.

The researchers believe the unusual appearance of the skull is due to a combination of the small brain as it develops, but also a result of what at some point was likely a larger head size — due to ventriculomegaly — that then decompresses, and / or brain atrophy, giving the skull the collapsed shape.

She had a small brain, about the size of a chimp's but positioned more like a human's.

Differences in brain size within a species, such as humans, are relatively small, making it difficult to tease out the effects of brain size and the effects of other factors.

In fact, no associations were found between early brain responses and long - term outcomes, which could relate to the small size of the study or the fact that several patients were sedated during the fMRI and EEG tests.

The 1 autistic child with a brain size within the 95 % CI of controls had among the greatest prefrontal neuron counts in the study, which raises the question of whether excess prefrontal neuron counts may be present in other autistic children who have near normal or smaller brain sizes.

As part of the study, the investigators also found the same brain structure is smaller in kids diagnosed with pathological guilt during their preschool years, providing evidence that excessive guilt is a symptom of depression related to the size of the insula.

It is far, far more probable that the various fossil Homo that have cranial capacities of this general size were normalish representatives of small - brained populations.

Although very small (less than the size of a little finger), it plays a vital role in brain function.

«We have shown that species with larger brains relative to their body size experience lower mortality than species with smaller brains, supporting the general importance of the cognitive buffer hypothesis in the evolution of large brains.»

In the Homo sapiens population with the smallest reported cranial capacity, about one person in 60,000 can be expected to have a brain size (sensu Lubenow) of as little as 700cc.

1470's face is very robust, and as large as that of a modern Cro - Magnon skull, despite a much smaller brain size, and the cranium has a markedly different shape.

It seems safe to say that because of its small brain size (510 cc), no creationist would want to classify ER 1813 as human.

Modern men of that stature would be expected to have a larger than average brain size, but the Turkana Boy's estimated adult brain size of 910 cc is smaller than all but a fraction of 1 % of modern humans of all sizes and both sexes.

H. habilis was small statured, unlike later finds of H. erectus and when more examples of Australopithecus were found in subsequent decades, it was clear the brain size of H. habilis was only slightly larger than that of contemporary australopithecines.

Scott says that ER 1470's brain size of 750 cc is smaller than a gorilla, and «well within the limits of today's apes».

So although the extreme lower range of modern human brain sizes does overlap that of Homo erectus, their skulls are very different: in H. erectus, the brain case really is smaller in relation to the rest of the skull.

On the other hand fossil OH 62 proves that «habilis ``, far from being Homo - like, was small and ape - like - these cases were the very opposite of what evolution theory predicted and expected.103 Even though the brain size of WT 15000 was smaller than most modern humans, it was still larger than quite a few people living today.

Tobias (1970) says that according to Dart, «apparently normal human beings have existed with brain - sizes in the 700's and 800's» (maybe Molnar's claim is a mis - statement of this), and that the smallest cranial capacity ever documented is 790 cc.

Understanding Zika's mechanisms will illuminate how viral infection leads to birth defects such as microcephaly, a condition marked by an abnormally small head and brain size, and could inform the development of therapies and vaccines, the study authors said.

While the study points to diet having a small effect on changes in brain size, it didn't look at the effect on risk of dementia.

A Dublin based fitness fanatic has praised emergency services who rushed to his aid on O'Connell Street some time ago, after he collapsed with a suspected case of blood loss to the brain caused by wearing a t - shirt which was several sizes too small for him.

Grain - fed turkeys gain weight faster but have significantly smaller brain size than their omnivorous wild cousins of the same breed.

On top of that, our teeth will stay the same size even though our jaws are smaller and that's one of the reasons that you can get impacted wisdom teeth just because your brain's too big.

The thyroid gland is under the control of the pituitary gland, a small gland the size of a peanut at the base of the brain (shown here in orange).

From toy and small dogs, such as Yorkshire Terriers or Chihuahuas to giant breeds like the Newfoundland and the Irish Wolfhound, the size of the dog's brain will change, but the manner in which they learn is the same.

Canine Chiari - like malformation (CM) is a complex abnormality characterized by overcrowding of the craniocervical junction and by disparity in size between the brain parenchyma (too big) and the skull (too small)[1].

Indeed a number of well - known pillars of the legal community with brains the size of a small hatchback have told us, for very good legal reasons, that compulsory mediation is not the way forward.

Due to the small size and lack of physical protection that a motorcycle provides the rider, many of the injuries suffered by bikers can be catastrophic, resulting in brain injury, paralysis, or even wrongful death.

The clear social gradient associated with children's vocabulary, emerging literacy, well - being and behaviour is evident from birth to school entry.1 These trajectories track into adolescence and correspond to poorer educational attainment, income and health across the life course.2 — 10 Neuroimaging research extends the evidence for these suboptimal trajectories, showing that children raised in poverty from infancy are more likely to have delayed brain growth with smaller volumetric size of the regions particularly responsible for executive functioning and language.11 This evidence supports the need for further effort to redress inequities that arise from the impact of adversity during the potential developmental window of opportunity in early childhood.

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Some elements of a quality program — such as teacher background checks and environmental standards — are clearly worth the cost from a health and safety perspective.32 Others, such as low ratios and small group sizes, allow for high - quality, developmentally appropriate interactions that have a direct impact on the socio - emotional, language, and brain development of young children.

They had less white and cortical gray matter, and smaller - sized hippocampi and amygdale — brain structures that play a key role in spatial learning, memory consolidation, stress reactivity, and the processing of emotion.