Sentences with phrase «small cloud particles»

Erika Sundén has studied how extremely small cloud particles can dispose of excess energy.

Not exact matches

The tracks visible in these clouds off the coasts of France and Spain form when small, airborne sulfate particles emitted by ships and airplanes act as cloud condensation nuclei, or «seeds.»

Journey up from the smallest particles, past the moons and planets of the Solar System, out through the Oort Cloud to the Milky Way, past our Local Stars and out to distant galaxies before arriving, finally, at the edge of the known Universe.

«The icy small bodies warm up as they approach the Sun, and the ice sublimes to form a coma [a dense cloud of gas and dust particles around a nucleus] and often a tail, making the comets observable,» she explained.

Atmospheric scientists believe that such particles make rain less likely, because they spread the available water among many smaller droplets that stay afloat in the cloud.

Through detailed computer simulations, the scientists showed how the smaller particles have a powerful impact on storm clouds.

The team started by looking at the formation of the very small particles — a process called aerosol nucleation — by mimicking atmospheric conditions inside an ultraclean steel «cloud chamber», which Kirkby says is the cleanest ever created.

The researchers conclude that particles from ship exhaust make cloud droplets smaller, lifting them higher in the atmosphere.

Then I remembered seeing a science experiment at my high school in Elsinore, in which our teacher showed us what is called a cloud chamber, and seeing tracks of radioactive particles, which look like small droplets.

Volcanoes don't inject significant chlorine into the stratosphere but they do increase small particles, which increase the amount of polar stratospheric clouds with which the human - made chlorine reacts.

Instead, the team proposes, soot and other particles in the ships» exhaust create large numbers of cloud droplets that are, on average, smaller than those forming around natural dust particles in the air elsewhere over the ocean.

The recipe required a small cloud of rubidium atoms, a class of particles that like to act in unison, and a large cloud of potassium atoms, which tend to be more independent.

Instead, meteorologists (and also laymen) speak of clouds, winds and precipitation — objects that result from the complex interplay between small particles.

The best explanation is that collisions between small ice particles and heavier gobs of slush called graupel tend to transfer electrical charge, but the role of this process in real clouds is not proven.

Blue sky arises because of the way light scatters off dust and cloud particles, which tend to reflect back toward Earth only the smaller wavelengths — the blues and purples.

Now, analyses of data gathered in 2006 by two satellites — one carrying a down - gazing camera and the other a gamma ray detector — as well as a ground - based lightning detector in North Carolina, reveal that these flashes start out, as does most lightning, as a small channel of charged particles within the storm cloud (golden zigzag line, left; lightning - generated radio waves are depicted as concentric rings).

He says that the «key point is that the urban pollution cloud comprises predominantly small acidic particles... which penetrate indoors and persist for long periods in air, whereas industrial dust clouds consist mainly of much larger particles».

The presence of these particles helps to seed clouds by providing sites on which water droplets can condense, but very small particles, the scientists found, actually decrease the precipitating efficiency of clouds, meaning it rains less.

In fact, the addition of dust particles could instead create more water droplets too small to rain down or even build a respectable cloud.

«What happens when you have urban and industrial pollution,» ACE - Asia scientist Huebert explains, «is that you wind up with so many small particles that you wind up with a very large number of very tiny droplets that are too tiny to settle out [of the cloud].

The simulated image at left shows how the smaller particle size in Venusian cloud tops (compared to a typical 10 to 40 micrometers in terrestrial ones) causes the colored fringes to spread further apart than they would appear on Earth.

There have been articles as far back as the 70s concerning global dimming but it's only very recently, apparently, that all of the probable causes (e.g. the microscopic particles causing smaller water droplets in clouds, enhancing the mirror effect, as well as contrails) have been understood.

Because small - scale climate features, such as clouds and atmospheric aerosol particles, have a large impact on global climate, it's important to improve the methods used to represent those climate features in the models.

Roughly two - thirds of this reflectivity is due to clouds and small particles in the atmosphere called aerosols.

For example, they will use data from the ARM field campaign SPARTICUS (Small Particles in Cirrus) between November 2009 and March 2010, which will focus specifically on measuring properties of cirrus clouds.

Comets and comet clouds form early in the life span of a solar system, and are primarily composed of frozen gases, rocks and dust, coalescing out of clouds of smaller particles into the cosmic bodies with trademark tails we're familiar with.

Pellets don't leave the clouds of small, uneaten food particles that often result from feeding flakes.

First, the particles observed in these experiments are orders of magnitude too small to be Cloud Condensation Nuclei (CCN).

Gavin: «First, the particles observed in these experiments are orders of magnitude too small to be Cloud Condensation Nuclei (CCN) /... / aggrandisation of these small particles is in no sense guaranteed»

There have been articles as far back as the 70s concerning global dimming but it's only very recently, apparently, that all of the probable causes (e.g. the microscopic particles causing smaller water droplets in clouds, enhancing the mirror effect, as well as contrails) have been understood.

I'm not sure offhand of the importance of this, but more rapid cooling from more rapid ascent would reduce the distances over which molecules can diffuse during the time periods involved, which would tend to isolate the effects of the particles from each other, so that more haze particles could go on to become cloud droplets, resulting in smaller and more numerous cloud droplets.

Perhaps that, while short lived, these aerosols nevertheless spread around the globe, especially the small particles, which play a role in modifying cloud formation (the «indirect aerosol effect» in the above graph).

Having more water in those high clouds or divvying it up smaller particles shifts the balance toward a cooling influence a bit.

These particles crash into smaller ice particles in the swirling winds inside storm clouds, resulting in a separation of electrical charge.

Jackson, R.C., G.M. McFarquhar, A. Fridlind, and R. Atlas, 2015: The dependence of cirrus gamma size distributions expressed as volumes in N0 - λ - μ phase space and bulk cloud properties on environmental conditions: Results from Small Ice Particles in Cirrus Experiment (SPARTICUS).

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Pollution has increased the number of particles, which makes the cloud droplets smaller and more numerous.

The 12 - and 11 - µm ΔBT helps to distinguish between high, thick clouds and high, thin clouds by delineating cloud phase (ice or liquid water) and cloud particle size (small or large).

An umbrella term for any small particle suspended in the atmosphere, aerosols can be either light or dark, reflective or absorbent of sunlight, and can enhance or suppress the formation of cloud droplets.

Kellogg sank RAND Corp's 1950s fallout prediction computer model by formulating it in terms of very wooden assumptions (a static mushroom cloud, with particles unaffected by the central updraft and the toroidal downdraft around the periphery), unlike the rival USNRDL «dynamic» or D - model of fallout, which allowed heavy particles to fallout while small ones were still rising.

Until the paper appeared, such particles (less than 50 nanometers in diameter) were thought to be too small to influence cloud formation.

With regard to the actual content of the press release quoted, it isn't clear if the process they report on (aerosol particles, particularly organic chemicals, getting smaller over time) makes them better or worse at forming clouds and their other atmosphere cooling functions.

Cloud condensation nuclei - Cloud condensation nuclei or CCNs (also known as cloud seeds) are small particles (typically 1 / 100th the size of a cloud droplet) about which cloud droplets coalCloud condensation nuclei - Cloud condensation nuclei or CCNs (also known as cloud seeds) are small particles (typically 1 / 100th the size of a cloud droplet) about which cloud droplets coalCloud condensation nuclei or CCNs (also known as cloud seeds) are small particles (typically 1 / 100th the size of a cloud droplet) about which cloud droplets coalcloud seeds) are small particles (typically 1 / 100th the size of a cloud droplet) about which cloud droplets coalcloud droplet) about which cloud droplets coalcloud droplets coalesce.

This cooling is caused by the fact that that, as climate warms, clouds made of large ice particles are replaced by clouds made of more numerous and smaller water particles that reflect more solar radiation.

This may suggest that for a given optical thickness, the influence of particle shape on the radiative forcing caused by a cloud composed of small ice crystals can be negligible.

Scavenging The process of removal of gases or small particles in the atmosphere by uptake (condensation, nucleation, impaction, or coagulation) into larger (cloud or precipitation) particles.