Sentences with phrase «small effects on»

The associated alleles were common in the studied populations and all had only small effects on disease risk [123].

To the extent that we can ascertain the workings of these mysterious algorithms (which have not been disclosed to the scientific community), they appear to rely on principles (e.g., similarity and complementarity) that have very small effects on relationship well - being.

At the same time, it is worth noting that some programs did identify small effects on stress and depressive symptoms and that others have specifically targeted reducing maternal depressive symptoms and have obtained stronger results.99

While on reversals of past IPCC beliefs, the Guardian yesterday reported the Grantham Research Institute as saying that tree planting has and will have very small effects on atmospheric greenhouse gases.

Rising temperatures were found to have only small effects on CH4 emissions, but because they decrease rice yield, they also increase the amount of CH4 emitted per kilogram of rice.

MWMT and MAP had relatively small effects on tree growth (less than 40 % of the analyzed groups showed significant correlations), whereas the effect of MCMT on tree growth was mostly negative among the detected significant groups (Fig. 3B).

Put somewhat differently: most school variables, considered separately, have only small effects on student learning9.

One conclusion is that grouping programs usually have only small effects on student self - esteem.

Education research shows that most school variables, considered separately, have at most small effects on learning.

And, even with small effects on the non-poor, shouldn't we have seen fairly dramatic improvements in overall educational and labor market outcomes?

Enrolling in a private school through the scholarship program had positive effects on college enrollment, mostly in two - year colleges, and there were zero or small effects on two - year degree attainment.

Because of the high consumption of coffee, even small effects on cancer occurrence in persons could have a large impact on public health.

The vast majority of them (42/52) are common, with MAF > 1 % and relatively small effects on risk.

Most of these genes have only small effects on tomato size and shape, but last May in Nature Genetics Tanksley and his colleagues reported that they found a gene they dubbed fasciated that bumps up fruit size by 50 percent.

Conversely, demographic factors such as gender and age had comparatively small effects on the perception of the dress image.

These levels of participation had no small effect on the findings, says Kensing.

In other words, a corporate tax cut would benefit investors and shareholders, with only a small effect on wages.

That pushed down the price of West Texas Intermediate (WTI), the benchmark price for mid-continent oil, but had a much smaller effect on Brent crude, the benchmark price for most oil outside North America.

Sugar alcohol have fewer calories than table sugar and have small effect on the blood glucose level.

The reason UKIP dropout had such a small effect on the swings to the Conservatives is that it benefitted all three of the other main parties, it just helped the Conservatives a bit more.

Using detailed computer simulations at NERSC, astrophysicists showed that this would have a small effect on time - delay cosmology.

Unemployment increased slightly in the more recent group, compared with the 2004 — 05 cohort analyzed by Vitae in 2008 (from 1.7 % in 2008 to 2.4 % in 2010), but the economic crisis seemed to have only a very small effect on the employment prospects of recent Ph.D. graduates.

Several obesity genes have been documented in the past, but they each have only a small effect on weight.

Planetary scientist H. Jay Melosh is of course correct that the Deep Impact probe will have a negligibly small effect on comet Tempel I's orbit [«Impact Geologist Waits for the Big One to Hit,» Discover Dialogue, July].

Vitamin B6 has been shown to have a small effect on hangover in scientific studies, as have prostaglandin inhibitors, a class of drugs that includes aspirin and ibuprofen; for optimum effectiveness these should be taken while you are drinking, not the next morning, though they can also help the morning after.

They found ten other genes scattered throughout the genome with smaller effects on Septoria.

Compared to typical get - out - the - vote activities, having a failing school in the neighborhood had a smaller effect on turnout than face - to - face contact, but a noticeably larger effect than campaign phone calls and mailers.

The intervention, undertaken over 12 weeks, had a smaller effect on reducing physical disability.

«Inhibiting RGS1 didn't prevent autoimmune diabetes from happening, which is slightly disappointing but not surprising because any one of these genes in humans has a very small effect on risk,» says Dr. Kissler.

We found that the redistribution of channels had only small effect on the conduction velocity whereas physical changes to myelin were primarily responsible for the effects.»

There was only a small effect on animals fed on old animals for their entire lives; people don't tend to eat old animals and our diets are more varied.

The researchers found just as many brown dwarfs in RCW 38 — about half as many as there are stars — and realised that the environment where the stars form, whether stars are more or less massive, tightly packed or less crowded, has only a small effect on how brown dwarfs form.

«Our observation that plants use roughly the same amount of water regardless of water availability suggests that a warmer or longer growing season may have a relatively small effect on evapotranspiration and thus could affect landscape water balances less than we previously thought,» Hamilton said.

These results show that the amount of metals has at most only a small effect on the properties of a superluminous supernova and the engine driving it.

«By improving how we simulate the biological pump in the ocean, we both improve the model and reveal this unexpected resilience, whereby global - scale changes to the physical properties of the ocean have a smaller effect on the biological pump.

The halogens that are released generally end up in fairly unreactive forms where they have only a small effect on ozone.

Yet most of the identified variants had a very small effect on risk, and they collectively explained only a fraction of disease heritability.

These are called low penetrance genes.Although each gene has a very small effect on risk, when we have many of such genes then our cancer risk is considerably increased.

While the study points to diet having a small effect on changes in brain size, it didn't look at the effect on risk of dementia.

One study that lasted for over a decade, showed that zero intake and very high intake of coffee had a smaller effect on resting blood pressure levels in comparison to those who drank moderately up to 4 cups a day.

«This one gene variant only has a small effect on facial aging overall,» said Gunn.

Dietary cholesterol has a fairly small effect on blood cholesterol level.

Temperature appears to have a smaller effect on gestational diabetes than these other risk factors, but «it is one factor that might be sufficient to push someone's risk over the edge,» says Dr. Booth.

Zinc gluconate and zinc citrate have also been shown to have a small effect on oral plaque build - up.

There is a small effect on the decrease in the percentage of fat mass, but it is not clinically relevant.

Interestingly, dietary changes have a much smaller effect on HDL (same goes for medications).

At the low doses used to protect the heart, aspirin has only a small effect on inflammation; its heart benefit comes primarily from its ability to reduce the risk of blood clots.

Others denounce it as being useless, a scam, and having a laughably small effect on muscle mass.

Some studies show a small effect on bone but others do not.

Exercise has a very small effect on long - term weight loss.