Sentences with phrase «small gene set»
«Ten years ago, people would have laughed at the idea of bacteria with such a small gene set.»
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Biologists now know that the genome sequence holds only a small part of the answer, and that key elements of development and disease are controlled by the epigenome — a set of chemical modifications, not encoded in DNA, that orchestrate how and when genes are expressed.
Research published this month in Nature Neuroscience identified a surprisingly small set of molecular patterns that dominate gene expression in the human brain and appear to be common to all individuals, providing key insights into the core of the genetic code that makes our brains distinctly human.
In a study exploring the molecules controlling osteoclast differentiation in the cancer setting, Ell et al. have identified miRNAs (microRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression) whose levels were consistently down - or up - regulated in differentiating osteoclasts.
Nestler: It's, to a first level of approximation, it's simple and straightforward, that there are a set number of modifications that could be made to the DNA itself or to the proteins that bind to DNA and control its structure, and activity and that those small number of modifications either turn a gene on or off.
Instead of using the usual small set of DNA markers, both teams compared hundreds of genes from up to 40 spider species to build a family tree that included all the web builders.
A small set of maternal genes have been identified that are required for these activities.
From insects to mammals, a small set of genes and proteins controls the orientation of the body's cells and tissues
While circulating tumor DNA tests targeting a smaller set of cancer genes are already available for use in routine practice to guide care, by covering a much larger number of cancer genes, this high - intensity sequencing approach may enable development of future tests for early detection of cancer.
Its most common iteration, CMT1, comes in many forms, most of which have to date been linked to a small set of causative genes.
One of the gene's molecular targets, for example, is a microRNA (a small noncoding RNA molecule) called let7, which in turn regulates hundreds of other genes, so the effects of Lin28a can set off a complex array of regulatory interactions.
«Because gene therapy may carry certain risks, we set out to see if we could perform a similar transformation with small molecules, thereby eliminating — or at least reducing — our reliance on genetic manipulation,» says Dr. Ding.
Instead of using a set of genes to induce the cellular transformation, he relies primarily on pharmaceutical compounds, known as «small molecules.»
«But how these defects develop at the genetic level has been difficult to pinpoint because research has focused on a small set of genes.
Although a smaller set of genes was affected, regular meditators showed post-intervention differences in a gene network characterized by lower regulation of protein synthesis and viral genome activity.
One of the ten emerging technologies selected was the Human Cell Atlas, which aims to integrate research exploring all the «omes»: the genome (the full set of genes), the transcriptome (the RNA made from all genes), the proteome (the proteins), the metabolome (small molecules, such as sugars, fatty acids and amino acids, involved or generated by cellular processes), and the fluxome (metabolic reactions whose rates can vary under different conditions).
Although previous studies have identified common somatic mutations in lung cancers, they primarily focused on a small set of genes
Challenged to identify the biological context in which these genes act, the researchers set out to provide the necessary basis for the next steps of small molecule discovery and the development of early stage therapeutics.
Only small sets of genes are unusually variable among replicates (Figure 1A — B) and the distribution of gene expression is very similar between males and females (density plots in Figure 1C).
Then, they put small sets of effector genes back in and tested each strain's ability to infect leaves of the model plant, Nicotiana benthamiana.
While the small changes in lineage transcription observed in our data set would be consistent with a stochastic model, the ES cell model described in Figure 9 would require both cross-repression and additional positive feedback loops to drive these random changes in gene expression down multiple distinct routes.
Most recently, research has shown that a certain set of these microbes may actually influence the activity of genes in your brain — and the parts they play are not small parts.
In a statement, Cartwright said that the parasite also has a much smaller set of genes than jellyfish.