Sentences with phrase «small magnitude of those effects»

For Democrats, the small magnitude of the effect is likely an artifact of Democrats» predisposed alignment with teacher policy preferences, regardless of whether they are exposed to teacher policy preferences.

Not exact matches

«Because Verizon's go90 competes in a less developed segment of the marketplace than AT&T's DirecTV Now, the current magnitude of any anticompetitive effects of Verizon's practices may be smaller than AT&T's,» the FCC wrote.

Outside of North America, the magnitude of this weekend effect is smaller, Forster and Solomon report, with cities in Japan and China showing the largest swings.

«Looked at individually, the magnitude of the effects is small,» Obradovich said.

Although prescribing this approach with the intent of helping to prevent myopia would appear to have no risk, parents should understand that the magnitude of the effect is likely to be small and the durability is uncertain.»

Small drifts in baseline were observed over the course of the experiments, but these changes had little effect on the interpretation of the data because response magnitude was proportional to baseline activity.

In those consuming more than 3000 IU of vitamin A per day, however, the magnitude of these relationships became so small that they lost statistical significance, which means the effect of vitamin D status was so small that it could not be distinguished from the effect of chance.

The associations between high versus low consumption of decaffeinated coffee and lower risk of type 2 diabetes21 and endometrial cancer40 were of a similar magnitude to total or caffeinated coffee, and there was a small beneficial association between decaffeinated coffee and lung cancer.48 The other outcomes investigated for decaffeinated coffee showed no significant associations, though it should be noted that meta - analyses of consumption would have much lower power to detect an effect.

The effects we obtained were generally quite small in magnitude, but they were nevertheless sufficiently consistent in direction and observed across a sufficiently wide array of variables to suggest that age may be a variable of some importance in understanding how romantic relationships are established online.

The estimated effect of charter school attendance for each of our measures is very small in magnitude; none is statistically significant.

This finding is consistent with Leslie Finger's (2017) finding that where Democrats have more control in the legislature, increases in teachers union strength have an effect that is smaller in magnitude on the likelihood of passing certain education reforms than in Republican - dominated legislatures.

The first two sources of evidence of leadership effects, reviewed above, suggest effects of very different magnitudes; small but significant in the first case and large by any standard in the second.

Therefore revisions to the magnitude of the effects of the small component are not going to make a significant difference — gavin]

A submarine landslide might release a Gigaton of carbon as methane (Archer, 2007), but the radiative effect of that would be small, about equal in magnitude (but opposite in sign) to the radiative forcing from a volcanic eruption.

Examination of the acceleration of other glaciers such as the Petermann Glacier indicate a much smaller acceleration than that observed on three glaciers we have focused, and indeed it is in the summer and of a magnitude that the Zwally effect could explain (Rignot, 2005).

I think the question is the magnitude of the chaotic effect: if it so small as to be far below the signal level, that isn't really very consequential, is it?

Second, the proposed future effects of rising temperatures on endemicity are at least one order of magnitude smaller than changes observed since about 1900 and up to two orders of magnitude smaller than those that can be achieved by the effective scale - up of key control measures.

Re # 4, Hansen et al say «We find evidence of local human effects («urban warming») even in suburban and small - town surface air temperature records, but the effect is modest in magnitude and conceivably could be an artifact of inhomogeneities in the station records.

We then need a physical basis (i. e. a physics based explanation) to relate these arbitrarily small (by several orders of magnitude) net perturbations to Earth's climate system, you know cause AND effect, or causality;

As the solar activity induced ΔT is one to two orders of magnitude smaller, any effects will be correspondingly smaller, and unobservable.

Thus, while the net radiative effect of clouds is that of warming (cooling) across the tropics during La Niña (El Nino) events, the magnitude is quite small and varies greatly from one event to another..»

I could add the Caribbean to the West Pacific, although AFAIK the effect should be smaller there, especially given the small magnitude of the Atlantic Equatorial mode.

I'm pretty sure the effects of delayed return of rainfall are orders of magnitude greater than that of warming of a small fraction of the Pacific Warm Pool.

Given that the «size» of effects from various interacting nonlinear deterministic components can vary over many orders of magnitude, and their effect on the behavior of other components can also vary to such an extent, any assumption that «smaller» effects can be «smoothed» away to expose underlying mechanisms is certainly unwarranted, and probably totally wrong.

The epicycles and pseudocycles appear to be truly lower in scale by an order of magnitude for global effect, so the AMO and PDO and all the other regional currents and flows and exchanges and bends, being that they don't all or even mostly synchronize in any demonstrably regular way, are small compared to the whole globe and net out to nearly zero.

We can at best estimate that natural variability is an order of magnitude or two smaller than the GHE for climate timescales, which is good enough, since our precision on temperatures on climate timescales barely has enough significant digits to be affected by a two order of magnitude lower effect.

And when the evidence starts indicating that the magnitude of the effect may be small, we question just how serious of a problem that can represent.

I think that AK actually believes both that we don't know the magnitude of the effect and that we do know the magnitude of the effect (and that it's small), and that the biasing influence of ideology allows him to....

However, the magnitude of the effect is very small ~ 1E - 6 N / m2 (radiative flux / speed of light), compared to the atmospheric pressure ~ 1E5 N / m2.

In addition, they indicate that «a lack of developmental deformities at early stages for pCO2 ~ 1000 ppm has been previously reported for this species...» And they say «there are even reports that survival is increased in this species and its congener S. droebachiensis under some low pH conditions...»... conclude, that «the effects of small magnitude in these urchin larvae are indicative of a potential resilience to near - future levels of ocean acidification.»»

Drought stress resulted in increased APX levels (P = 0.001), but the magnitude of this effect was relatively small (Figure 4B).

What he shows is that a change in the radiative balance between the surface and the atmosphere even by a larger amount, such as 10 W / m ^ 2 would result in only a very small surface temperature change while a change in the greenhouse effect (i.e., the radiative balance between the earth and space) by 10 W / m ^ 2 results in a much larger surface temperature change (almost 2 orders of magnitude larger if I recall correctly).

However, human activity may have already caused some some changes that are not yet detectable due to the small magnitude of the changes or observation limitations, or are not yet confidently modeled (e.g., aerosol effects on regional climate).

Locally — in heavily urban environments for instance — this can be an issue, but on a global basis it is about 2 orders of magnitude smaller than the warming effect of increasing CO2 (1.7 W / m2).

Thus, rather than changing the Earth - sun distance by ~ + / -0.5 % and thus solar TSI by ~ + / -1 % from average, it would change it by two orders of magnitude less (with the annual average effect perhaps smaller still, although varying with Jupiter's alignment with the semimajor axis, etc.).

It just all indicates an effect two or more orders of magnitude too small to account for observations or to be considerd significant compared to CO2 sensitivity.

The number of adults and children in the home showed statistically significant effects on maternal depression screens, although the magnitude of these effects was relatively small.

The magnitude of the effect of parenting is small, but appears to be a consistent risk in the development of internalizing problems.

Statistically significant differences between the scores of girls and boys were apparent on all scales, although the magnitude of these differences was small (sex effects on all scales accounted for ≤ 2 % of total variance, except for the small - to - medium effects, explaining 4 % of total variance, on Prosocial Behaviour and Aggression).

Although treatment effects for several outcomes were small in magnitude, as reported previously, HS was modest in intensity and cost, relative to other early intervention efforts.5 For example, HS families made 11 well - child visits and received < 2 home visits within their child's first 2.5 years, at a cost of $ 402 to $ 933 / year.

Source of Strength Coping Trained peer leaders had significantly higher scores on measures of Sources of Strength coping at posttest, compared with untrained peer leaders (the associated effect size indicated an impact of a small to medium magnitude).

Driscoll (2014) claimed that the Romeo and Juliet effect took place in a small window in the early stages of a relationship, where trust and acceptance are only mildly associated with the magnitude of love.

Following Cohen [44], effect sizes were of a small magnitude.

As shown in Table 3, the magnitude of effect concerning the difference in mean scores reported online versus on paper and pencil were virtually zero, as a partial eta - squared of.02 corresponds to a small effect and those in Table 3 were all below.004.

The magnitude of the effect sizes ranged from small to moderate.

Secondary analyses revealed effects of small to moderate magnitude on measures of parenting behaviour, parental mood and stress and parenting efficacy.

Although evidence for a causal effect of divorce on children was reasonably strong, effect sizes were small in magnitude.

Given the relatively small magnitude of the apparent effect size, if joint - custody and paternal custody children really do differ in adjustment, more studies with larger samples may be needed to detect the effect at the level of statistical significance.

The estimated overall effect of curative interventions was also significant with a Cohen's d of 0.364; 95 % CI [0.227; 0.502] and was small in magnitude according to Cohen's criteria.

Finally, although the sizes of the interaction effects were not large in magnitude, even small effects may affect public health substantially [43, 44], especially given the high prevalence of adolescents being peer - victimized.