It is unclear whether any East - European Shepherds have been imported to the United States, but if any have it is a very
small number of individual dogs.
Not exact matches
BASC Scotland director Dr Colin Shedden said: «BASC and many other organisations and
individuals made the case that the use
of such remote training devices had been incredibly helpful in addressing problematic behaviour, such as sheep worrying, in a
small number of dogs.
The analysis also revealed a «genetic bottleneck» in Western
dogs — a reduction in genetic diversity typically tied to a sharp decline in a population's
numbers, as can occur when a
small band
of individuals splits off from the main group.
In 1978 the Chinese Shar Pei was one
of the rarest
dog breeds in the world, and this means that every Shar Pei alive today comes from a
small number of breeding
individuals, so inbreeding had to take place in order to increase their population.
The
small number of dogs and
individual treatment can not be surpassed.»
In theory, then, a behavioral trait with a
smaller heritability (closer to zero) will be more affected by environment in general (even if the exact heritability
number calculated in a study can't tell us anything about the interplay
of genetics and environment in an
individual dog).
A
dog's personality is made up
of a
number of smaller behavioral traits, but how to break personality down into
individual behavioral traits is still a matter
of much debate, as existing research on the heritability
of canine behavioral traits shows.
Precise mapping
of major loci responsible for trait variation has been accomplished with relatively
small numbers of dogs as compared to the large
numbers of individuals required for trait identification in genetically diverse human populations.