Cahill also reflected on her experiences in the New York City Department of Education, where she worked with some of the city's lowest performing schools During her tenure in the department, she phased out 23 failing high schools created over 200 new schools called
Small Schools of Choice.
An additional comparison school sample of 13
small schools of choice with a focus other than STEM is being used to help disentangle the effects of a STEM - focused program from those of small school size and school choice.
Research shows New York's
small schools of choice have reduced dropout and increased graduation rates while encouraging more students to meet higher standards.
One finding of the study is the effect
small schools of choice are having on at - risk students.
Among the most popular selections were «
small schools of choice,» which are small, nonselective public high schools that emphasize academic rigor, strong relationships between students and teachers and community partnerships.
If we had the political will to create high schools like these across the nation, what lessons about improving the life chances of low - income teen - agers might we take from the New York City decade - long experience with
small schools of choice?
Reviewed strategies for enhancing students» high school and college outcomes include: 1) participation in rigorous curriculum; 2) small learning communities /
small schools of choice; 3) career academies; 4) dual enrollment; 5) early college high schools; and 6) college and career counseling.
Small high schools send larger shares of students to college, new study says ChalkbeatNY: The multi-year study examines a subset of 123 «
small schools of choice» that opened between 2002 and 2008 with private funding from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and support from former Mayor Michael Bloomberg's administration.
Finally,
small schools of choice can help to build a strong sense of community, which could particularly benefit inner - city neighborhoods where traditional institutions have been disintegrating.
MDRC has previously released two reports on these «
small schools of choice,» or SSCs (so called because they are small, are academically nonselective, and were created to provide a realistic choice for students with widely varying academic backgrounds).
At the heart of these reforms lie 123 new «
small schools of choice» (SSCs)-- small, academically nonselective, four - year public high schools for students in grades 9 through 12.
These schools are 115 of the 123
Small Schools of Choice.
Small schools of choice might also build the social capital that Coleman considered crucial for student success.
Specifically, the report looks at outcomes for students who attend the city's «
small schools of choice.»
If we focus only on the true school choice programs — private school choice, open enrollment, charter schools, STEM schools, and
small schools of choice — and we look at the direction of the impacts (positive or negative) regardless of their statistical significance, we find a high degree of alignment between achievement and attainment outcomes.
At the same time, there were four programs that «don't test well» — initiatives that don't improve achievement but do boost high school graduation rates: Milwaukee Parental Choice, Charlotte Open Enrollment, Non-No Excuses Texas Charter Schools, and Chicago's
Small Schools of Choice.
A 2010 MDRC report funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation looked at the 123 «
small schools of choice,» or SSCs, that have opened in New York City since 2002.
Let's hope that the Gates Foundation and its followers are not impervious to evidence and reconsider their abandonment of
the small schools of choice reform strategy.
With the support of the Gates Foundation, New York City created 150
small schools of choice between 2002 and 2008.
Despite more proof that
the small schools of choice reform strategy pursued by the Gates Foundation before 2006 has been a clear success, the Gates Foundation has nothing to say about these positive results.
They take advantage of lotteries to gain admission to these non-selective
small schools of choice to conduct a random assignment experiment.
With the new open - enrollment system, educators believed they could capitalize on
the Small Schools of Choice reform.
A small school of choice also engenders a voluntary community that comes together over strong ties and shared values.
Not exact matches
To take a single example, last year I had the privilege
of participating in one
of these
schools in a
small university town, where in a parish
of about one thousand members over two hundred persons (including a goodly number
of interested «enquirers» who had heard
of the program through a carefully planned advertising campaign) attended eight night sessions, held from eight until ten o'clock, with a
choice among eight different courses, dealing with theological, ethical, historical, devotional, and scriptural subjects.
In the U.S., we removed full - calorie sodas during the
school day and replaced them with a range of low - and no - calorie, smaller - portion choices as part of our industry's voluntary School Beverage Guide
school day and replaced them with a range
of low - and no - calorie,
smaller - portion
choices as part
of our industry's voluntary
School Beverage Guide
School Beverage Guidelines.
Where our kids go to
school is one
small fragment
of a much larger ecosystem
of their life
choices and values.
His investigation continues, and he expects more claims to be brought against other food service providers over rebates that not only create «an inherent conflict
of interest» in the
choice of foods children are served at
school, but also discourage the use
of locally produced goods from
smaller suppliers, including local farmers.
I was — and remain — a big milk drinker, so even on days that I wasn't making the healthiest
choices for myself I was still consuming 1 - 3
of those
small cartons
of skim milk each day at
school.
With the distance between
schools and
small classroom size, we face many
of the same challenges that affect rural
schools all over the world when it comes to the provision and breadth
of curricular
choices.
On - going trends involving public
school segregation have been a primary focus
of the CRP's research, and the expanding policy emphasis on
school choice prompted analysis
of the much
smaller — but politically potent — charter sector.
Rather, voucher users are exercising private
school choice, while control group members are exercising a
small amount
of private
school choice and a substantial amount
of public
school choice.
Litky and his fellow
small schoolers can make these claims more reasonably than other
schools, since most
small schools are
schools of choice.
No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB), the proliferation
of high
school exit exams, the success
of school choice initiatives, and a dozen other
smaller if more bitter battles, education has become one
of the hottest policy topics in Washington.
With the
choices available, students increasingly don't need to make the tradeoff between attending a large
school with lots
of choices but perhaps lots
of anonymity or a
small school with limited
choices but a deeply developed personal support structure.
School choice will ultimately prevail or disappear based on how it affects entire urban populations, not just the
small group
of students who benefit directly from being able to attend private
schools tuition - free.
New York has proved that high
school reform is possible; that boosting graduation rates
of the poor and unprepared, even if the effort is begun in high
school, is possible; that
small alone is not enough; that
choice alone is not enough.
In our balanced budget I proposed a comprehensive strategy to help make our
schools the best in the world — to have high national standards
of academic achievement, national tests in 4th grade reading and 8th grade math, strengthening math instruction in middle
schools, providing
smaller classes in the early grades so that teachers can give students the attention they deserve, working to hire more well - prepared and nationally certified teachers, modernizing our
schools for the 21st century, supporting more charter
schools, encouraging public
school choice, ending social promotion, demanding greater accountability from students and teachers, principals and parents.
Attitudes: support for diversity (racial integration), a perception
of inequity (that the public
schools provide a lower quality education for low - income and minority kids), support for voluntary prayer in the
schools, support for greater parent influence, desire for
smaller schools, belief in what I call the «public
school ideology» (which measures a normative attachment to public
schooling and its ideals), a belief in markets (that
choice and competition are likely to make
schools more effective), and a concern that moral values are poorly taught in the public
schools.
These lessons add to MDRC's evidence on the implementation
of small high
schools of choice in New York City.
As the cohorts have aged, it is now possible to measure the effects
of small schools on college enrollment and
choice, outcomes that have never been examined before.
Regardless
of the reform strategy — whether new standards, or accountability, or
small schools, or parental
choice, or teacher effectiveness — there is an underlying weakness in the U.S. education system which has hampered every effort up to now: most consequential decisions are made by district and state leaders, yet these leaders lack the infrastructure to learn quickly what's working and what's not.
In Zelman, the Ohio attorney general further pointed out that
schools participating in the Cleveland voucher program represent only a
small portion
of the range
of choices available outside the regular public
schools.
Though vague on how the city's
choice system had contributed to the problem, the report implied that because a
small number
of schools were serving a disproportionate share
of «high need» students, their likelihood
of failure had increased.
The market - and
choice - oriented policies, which were imposed on
schools «in need
of improvement,» have consumed resources and local administrative time but have
small impacts and are not being seriously evaluated.
It also might suggest that the benefits
of school choice are limited to students attending a
small subset
of schools that admit few voucher students.
Can
small high
schools of choice improve educational prospects for disadvantaged students?
New York City became a poster child
of the initiative when New York
school chancellor, Joel Klein, accepted Gates dollars and began, in 2002, to create 123 «
small high
schools of choice.»
Some critics
of school choice have suggested that
small classes in private
schools «explain» the achievement benefits
of private -
school scholarships and voucher programs.
Closing down large, chronically low - performing
schools and replacing them with a greater number
of smaller, new
schools was central to Bloomberg's expansion
of school choice and his overall approach to the achievement gap.
At the same time, New York opened a group
of small high
schools offering open enrollment and personalized attention for students, and it instituted a citywide
choice policy.