Sentences with phrase «so photons»

Massive amounts of DLR do not warm the skin layer (where they are absorbed) relative to below, so these photons must be «substituting within the ocean skin for a package of energy that would otherwise have moved up to the ocean skin».

Assume the top and bottom emitting surfaces are very distant and finite, so photons are traveling between them in a roughly vertical direction.

In the 1940s, experiments showed that humans who have adjusted to the dark could detect as few as a half dozen or so photons.

Information based on photons has great advantages; photons interact only very weakly with the environment — unlike electrons, so photons do not lose much energy along the way and can therefore be sent over long distances.

Ordinary lasers work by bouncing light between two mirrors, so photons of a certain wavelength accumulate.

By definition there is no wavelength within our test bandwidths that will end up transmitted through the walls, so every photon is either absorbed or reflected.

(If it is, your walls must be made of something like N2) So the photon is reflected.

So any photon of shorter wavelength than 1.121 microns, can be absorbed in bulk silicon, and release carriers, to be transported across a PN junction; to create a photocurrent flow.

Not exact matches

So what the photons may actually be doing is going through all the pathways in the leaf simultaneously.

But finding a way for a computer chip to be able to retrieve and process information stored in photons is tough for the same reason that makes light so appealing: it's too damn fast for existing microchips to read.

[Aceves, Alejandro B.] So Methodist Univ, Dept Math, Dallas, TX 75275 USA; [Shtyrina, Olga V.; Fedoruk, Mikhail P.; Turitsyn, Sergei K.] Novosibirsk State Univ, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; [Shtyrina, Olga V.; Fedoruk, Mikhail P.] Inst Computat Technol, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; [Rubenchik, Alexander M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA; [Turitsyn, Sergei K.] Aston Univ, Aston Inst Photon Technol, Birmingham B4 7ET, W Midlands, England

It is the Reason Relativity never rcieved a NOBEL; so Einstein invented the Photon as an alternativ explaination.

Light is electromagnetic radiation, but Einstein created the Photon so he could collect a Nobel prize; using the identical photographs of a solar eclipse that are proof of Relativity.

Just as physics generalizes variables of movement so that they can apply not only to a human hunter and his fleeing prey, but also to stars, planets, atoms, and photons, so psychics needs to generalize such ideas as feeling, perceiving, remembering, anticipating, intending, liking and disliking, so that they can apply not only to animals, but even to the real individual constituents of the vegetable and mineral portions of nature.

God, by contrast, is the infinite actuality that makes it possible for photons and (possibly) fairies to exist, and so can be «investigated» only, on the one hand, by acts of logical deduction and conjecture or, on the other, by contemplative or spiritual experiences.

Fairies and gods, if they exist, occupy something of the same conceptual space as organic cells, photons, and the force of gravity, and so the sciences might perhaps have something to say about them, if a proper medium for investigating them could be found.

By doing so, the scientists wrote, they pulled off just what the first paper described: encoding bits into split photons, mixing them back together and interpreting the results.

When one of these excited electrons falls back to its original state it emits a photon, which in turn stimulates another electron to emit a photon, and so on.

Before that time, the universe was an opaque fog, so hot and dense that photons could not travel very far before bumping into other particles and changing direction.

This is exactly what would happen if they were passing through both slits as a wave, and the two wavefronts interfered with one another, so the experiment is usually taken as evidence that photons can be both a particle and a wave.

Experiments beaming photons over sometimes hundreds of kilometres have so far only confirmed quantum theory's outrageous predictions of weird correlations and entanglements between the particles.

But every so often (about one in 100 million photons), a photon will bounce off with a different wavelength, shifted to a lower, more reddish frequency.

With increasing size of the optical arrangement and increasing numbers of photons sent on their way, the number of possible paths and distributions of the photons at the end rises steeply as a result of the uncertainty principle which underlies quantum mechanics — so that there can be no prediction of the exact probability using the computers available to us today.

THE EDITORS REPLY: Space is expanding, carrying objects such as galaxies and photons with it, so light travels a greater distance than a simple calculation (such as speed multiplied by time) might suggest.

The crystal emitted pairs of photons entangled so that their polarization states would be opposite when one was measured.

The photons that make up sunlight may have no mass, but they still carry momentum — and so exert a force on everything they touch.

Because these photons are so old, the familiar two - dimensional map of the CMB is often called a «baby picture» of the universe, providing a window back into the primordial conditions that created the cosmos we see around us today.

This, on the other hand, was the advantage of the so - called photon mapping.

The young chemist did not know why the resulting color was so vivid; the ability of molecules to absorb photons at specific wavelengths based on the structure of their shared electron bonds would not be worked out for another fifty years.

Even when you send packets as light pulses down fiber - optic cables thousands of miles long, repeaters buried every 20 miles or so on the seafloor absorb incoming photons and transmit new photons to the next repeater.

So we looked at what happens when methane, hydrogen and carbon dioxide collide and how they interact with photons.

The fourth mirror allows for exquisite control of the streams of photons so that they fall almost perpendicular to the instrument's focal plane, ensuring «very good image quality,» Cui says.

The detector enables imaging in so - called single photon counting regime allowing acquiring radiographs with theoretically unlimited dynamic range (in practice limited just by the number of detected photons).

You don't need to set the universe in a spin to see time travel in action — so what happened when a photon with a quantum gun went back to kill itself?

People have worked with two photons, so why not three, you know?

It uses pure light, reflecting off the sail, so you want a large area to collect a lot of photons and you want it highly reflective so you get a high efficiency of them bouncing off.

A long time means that — for modern electronics, it's a long time — it takes half a millisecond for the photon to go from A to B, so if you decide something like a few tenths of a microsecond before, then that's a long time.

However, in 2010, an international team of researchers showed that Eve could hack the system by exploiting a weakness in the so - called avalanche photodiodes (APDs) used to detect the individual photons.

But if they are within 100,000 times or so the mass of normal neutrinos — or a few thousand electron volts — most should still exist, with some occasionally decaying into lighter neutrinos and X-ray photons.

Next, the researchers took advantage of the precise control that advanced optical systems provide to place the photons in curved space, which has not been possible so far with electrons.

Grégoire Ribordy, CEO of the Swiss company ID Quantique, which makes commercial quantum cryptography, says that practical systems had already largely got around the blinding loophole by continuously adjusting the detectors, so that they are always reacting differently to incoming photons.

As part of an effort to develop exotic materials such as room - temperature superconductors, the researchers have locked together photons, the basic element of light, so that they become fixed in place.

So Bob would never notice the events in which Eve messed up the polarization of the photons.

Consequently, each photon will follow one path only, so it can not interfere with itself; half the time that path will lead it to the detector.

The situation may be that we have only scratched the surface of the full diversity of particles and forces in nature — only focusing on quarks, photons and the like because they are so familiar and accessible to us.

You'd spend several years and several billion dollars, so that every last photon was within your reach.

Now these fundamental matter particles interact by means of forces and within quantum mechanics we believe that these forces are mediated by quantum, by particles, and so we have the electromagnetic force mediated by photons which are massless; we have the weak nuclei force mediated by massive particles which are called W and Z and we have the strong nuclear force mediated by massless gluons.

So the theory tells us why we exist and all this because as I said in my story, this is a philosophical question then again but maybe tells us why we don't float away like a photon.

So if physicist A (call her Alice) snags one of the photons and measures its spin as +1, she knows instantly that if physicist B (for Bob) measures the other photon, its spin will be − 1.

Some of these photons will reach distant observers, so that when a black hole is observed directly a «shadow» is expected against the background sky.