Eighteen women (1.1 %) were expecting twins; 10.2 % of women reported one or more medical or
social risk factor during pregnancy (high blood pressure, diabetes, problems with baby's growth, problems with baby's health, depression, lack of social support during pregnancy, or housing difficulties).
Not exact matches
Moreover,
risk factors may be different for different individuals - while one person may develop schizophrenia due largely to a strong family history of mental illness (e.g. a high level of genetic
risk), someone else with much less genetic vulnerability may also develop the disease due to a more significant combination of prepregnancy
factors, pregnancy stress, other prenatal
factors,
social stress, family stress or environmental
factors that they experience
during their childhood, teen or early adult years.
Epidemiologic data has shown that chronic depression, stress, and lack of
social support are all
risk factors for cancer.14 A study in humans even showed chronic depression and even the death of a mother
during childhood to be associated with increased breast cancer in women.15 While we do not have concrete evidence in humans, animal studies more definitively point to stress as a cause of cancer.
In summary, the current study suggests that maternal problems in reciprocal
social behavior assessed
during their pregnancy might be a
risk factor for infantile aggression at 18 months of age.
Relative to children with no ACEs, children who experienced ACEs had increased odds of having below - average academic skills including poor literacy skills, as well as attention problems,
social problems, and aggression, placing them at significant
risk for poor school achievement, which is associated with poor health.23 Our study adds to the growing literature on adverse outcomes associated with ACEs3 — 9,24 — 28 by pointing to ACEs
during early childhood as a
risk factor for child academic and behavioral problems that have implications for education and health trajectories, as well as achievement gaps and health disparities.
Screen for
risk factors within
social determinants of health
during patient encounters.
Some observers have argued that female offenders can, in theory, be either adolescent - limited or life - course - persistent and that the relative scarcity of early - onset aggression in females indicates that they are generally less likely to follow the latter pathway.56 Others, however, have argued that the relative prevalence of adolescent - onset aggression in girls (compared with childhood - onset) indicates that persistent delinquency simply manifests at a later age in girls than it does in boys.57 In Persephanie Silverthorn and Paul Frick's model, girls and boys are influenced by similar
risk factors during childhood, but the onset of delinquent behavior in girls is delayed by the more stringent
social controls imposed on them before adolescence.
We have previously reported the immediate effects of this psychosocial family - based intervention on independently observed aspects of the caregiving environment and child
social competence
during unfamiliar peer entry, including approach and regulatory behaviors.30 Thus, we have demonstrated the efficacy of the intervention in altering the targeted
risk factors.
Risk factors for depression
during pregnancy and postpartum include poor self - esteem, child - care stress, prenatal anxiety, life stress, decreased
social support, single / unpartnered relationship status, history of depression, difficult infant temperament, previous postpartum depression, lower socioeconomic status, and unintended pregnancy.
TY - JOUR AU - Sang - Gyun Lee TI - Influence of Protective and
Risk Factors on Delinquent Behavior Trajectories T2 - Korean Journal of
Social Welfare Studies PY - 2008 VL - IS - 39 PB - Korean Association For
Social Welfare Studies SP - 315 - 342 SN - 1598 - 3854 AB - The aim of this study was to examine growth trajectories of delinquent behaviors
during adolescence.
During childhood, both LCP females and males were characterized by
social, familial and neurodevelopmental
risk factors, whereas those on the adolescent - onset pathway were not.