Sentences with phrase «societal cost»

The simulation of scattered ICERs is presented in figure 1 where ICERs located in the southeastern quadrant suggest that ICBT is more effective at a lower net societal cost, whereas ICERs in the northwestern quadrant indicates that ICBT is less effective and more costly.

The cost - effectiveness ICER was estimated to be 310/0.14 = 2214, indicating that each additional case of clinically significant improvement in ICBT (total n improved = 38 (48 %)-RRB- compared with IBSM (total n improved = 27 (34 %)-RRB- was associated with a societal cost of $ 2214.

On the basis of the findings of this study, we conclude that ICBT is a cost - effective treatment compared with IBSM and that the treatment leads to societal cost reductions offsetting the cost of intervention in a short time frame.

Recurrent delinquency is associated with high rates of multiple service utilisation and substantial societal cost.

What is clear is that there is significant individual and societal cost associated with widespread, unnecessary police record checks.

Where generating demand for dispute resolutions demands is concerned, those services come at an immeasurably great societal cost (the legal costs themselves, stress - related reductions in workplace productivity and access to medical care, frayed family and social relationships).

The proper calculation for the Pigovian fee on carbon emissions is; C (total societal cost of emissions)- B (total societal benefit of emissions) = optimal fee for emitting.

«The long - term objective of climate - change policy should be to reduce the risks of serious harm to humanity and ecosystems at minimum societal cost, while recognizing shared humanitarian necessities,» Exxon Mobil General Counsel Ken Cohen wrote in the post.

The long - term objective of climate change policy should be to reduce the risks of serious harm to humanity and ecosystems at minimum societal cost, while recognizing additional shared humanitarian necessities, including providing reliable and affordable energy to improve global living standards.

Using the EPA «societal cost» estimate of $ 9 million per «life unnecessarily shortened» and multiplying it by the 50 + million abortions perpetrated in the US since Roe vs. Wade results in a «societal cost» of abortion of ~ $ 500 trillion.

In one model, the use of assumptions recommended by the Office of Management and Budget produces an estimated positive benefit from increasing CO2 rather than a net societal cost.

If observations eliminate the possibility that climate sensitivity is 4 or greater, the low probability / high damage scenarios that inflate the societal cost of carbon emissions disappear.

At the heart of the issue, it would seem to me, is a fundamental market failure in the energy market concerning the pricing of electricity, namely that it fails completely to account for the societal cost of global warming brought about through emissions.

According to the Lumina Foundation's «It's Not Just the Money» paper, there is a tremendous societal cost as well.

These gains have come at a pedagogical and societal cost, as the resolution of school disciplinary matters has increasingly moved — as Justice Breyer feared — from the schoolhouse to the courthouse.

FutureNeuro is relevant to the 700,000 people living with a neurological condition in Ireland, with an associated health and societal cost greater than $ 3 billion euro each year.

Individuals of retirement age are the fastest - growing sector of the U.S. population, so there is great interest in preserving their cognitive and physical abilities, especially given the societal cost of the alternative.

The societal cost of CFS is estimated to be up to $ 24 billion annually (4).

But even if the form is improved and women have a better understanding of the policy, the researchers are still concerned about the effects of the waiting period and its societal cost.

The direct and indirect costs are then added up to provide the overall societal cost, usually expressed as a percentage of annual gross domestic product (GDP).

The first question is the important one as the financial and societal cost of not breastfeeding and the personal benefits to mother and child are arguably well - established.

According to an analysis of 2010 data by the Urban Institute, a nonpartisan think tank, the price tag was $ 669 million in direct hospital costs for just that year and $ 174 billion in larger societal costs, which includes disability, effects on employment, and other longer - term factors.

Alice Hill, who directed resilience policy for the National Security Council in the Obama administration, said the wider debate over cutting climate - warming emissions may have distracted people from promptly pursuing ways to reduce risks and economic and societal costs from natural disasters.

For one thing, Ward says, most of these analyses do not take into account societal costs, such as the property taxes all homeowners pay to support public education.

If internet companies don't participate in the societal costs of their disruption, the infrastructure and civil society upon which their business models depend will deteriorate

But there are societal costs for careless demands like those found in this column.

The societal costs borne of poor nutrition are absolutely staggering and they come right out of my pocket — why do I pay increasing insurance premiums (not to mention medicare and medicaid) if I'm healthy and don't burden the insurance system?

Perinatal events can result in associated longer term health and broader societal costs, as shown by the size of damages paid in obstetric litigation cases, which represent a substantial cost to the NHS.27 Follow - up over weeks or longer to monitor recovery, or a future assessment of the outcomes for mothers and babies at a later date, would act as a vehicle for estimating costs and consequences beyond the perinatal period and shed more light on long term cost effectiveness.

The societal costs of a large, uneducated criminal underclass are huge.

Rev. Jason McGuire, Executive Director of New Yorkers for Constitutional Freedoms, says same - sex marriage will actually have long - term societal costs.

Atrial fibrillation, long considered the most common condition leading to an irregular heartbeat, is a growing and serious global health problem, according to the first study ever to estimate the condition's worldwide prevalence, death rates and societal costs.

We need to begin the next set of feasibility studies: a significant study of the costs, benefits, feasibility in our New York coastal estuary, and the economic, environmental and societal costs and benefits.

Societal costs of untreated STIs include the price of hospitalization and treatment down the road and a loss of productivity at work or in school for patients whose STIs lead to more serious medical conditions.

The March of Dimes estimated that, since 2006, about 176,000 fewer babies have been born too soon because of improvement in the preterm birth rate, potentially saving about $ 9 billion in health and societal costs.

The estimated individual and societal costs of violence recorded by the police in England and Wales in 2003 - 4 came to # 14 billion.

The economic burden of NAFLD would be even higher when including societal costs and indirect costs.

The core difficulties in social communication, which can mean children not even being able to communicate verbally, and the rigid and repetitive behaviours usually have a profound effect on development into adulthood and result in estimated # 1 - 1.5 million lifetime societal costs per child.

«A carbon price would make the price of oil better reflect its true societal costs (including global warming impacts, health cost due to air pollution, as well as other environmental costs).

This large uncertainty makes it difficult for a cautious policy maker to avoid either: (1) allowing warming to exceed the agreed target; or (2) cutting global emissions more than is required to satisfy the agreed target, and their associated societal costs.

According to the study authors, recurrence and relapse following recovery from major depression are typical outcomes that come with tremendous familial, personal and societal costs.

This report emphasized the relevance of substance use outcomes to societal costs, including the associated increased criminal activity, need for health services, and future loss of productivity.

Children of the Code The Children of the Code Project is a «case in point» for how poorly our society understands learning and the personal and societal costs of unhealthy learning.

According to the U.S. Department of Education, the higher percentage of dropouts from large schools are associated with serious, additional societal costs such as crime and lifetime earnings.

The personal and societal costs of not developing their potential can not be overstated.

Dropouts are an extreme indicator of the lack of academic success and lead to high personal and societal costs.

Here, too, the potential cost savings are significant: Researchers in Canada found that for every dollar spent on timely treatment of mental health problems and addictions, $ 7 is saved in healthcare costs, and $ 30 is saved in lost productivity and societal costs (Ontario Ministry of Health and Long - Term Care, 2009).

The environmental community, which some blame for crippling nuclear power, has in fact pushed for a price on carbon as a way of building the societal costs of continued carbon emissions into the economics of electricity production.

You can well imagine that the practice of engaging experts who take up near indefensible positions vastly inflates legal costs and prolongs distress for injured parties (inflating eventual medical / societal costs).

Other uncertainties include how much effort and resources will be put into improving the adaptive capacity of public health systems to prepare in advance for the health effects of climate change, prevent harm to individual and community health, and limit associated health burdens and societal costs.

Because these types of distortions impose societal costs beyond those of a simple carbon tax, the economic impacts modeled here will, if anything, be lower than would actually occur in a regulatory scheme.