When Peirce discusses individuals, he is writing about what for me are sequential
societies of actualities, not single actualities.
The process theory of sequential
societies of actualities, each of which is created and then persists thereafter as an objectified datum of prehension in later actualities, seems calculated to take the complexities into account more definitely and naturally than any talk about a rigorous continuity of action defining a single, identical, yet changing individual.
They are
the societies of actualities, and they are what exists.
Hartshorne and many others have argued that Whitehead should have talked of God as «an enduring
society of actualities, not a single actuality.
Not exact matches
The ultimate aim
of the formation
of all movements were to create a beloved community in America, an integrated
society wherein brotherhood would be an
actuality in every aspect
of social life.
We hold that the test for
actuality is the ability to act, to exert power and influence on the coming to be
of individual quantum events and larger
societies of occasions.
Furthermore, precisely as a community (or, in Whiteheadian terms, a structured
society), they possess a higher unity and greater
actuality than would theoretically be possible for each
of them as individual persons, i.e., as separate personally ordered
societies.
None
of this would be possible unless
actuality is granted to
societies of occasions, and not just to occasions.
«What is inexorable in God, is valuation as an aim towards order»; and «order» means «
society» permissive
of actualities with patterned intensity
of feeling arising from adjusted contrasts.
2 This seems more adequate and convincing than Whitehead's theory
of a biological organism's being a
society of epochal subjects, where ongoing integrity, physical or personal, is the task
of many
actualities, not
of an enduring, self - constituting subject.
And apart from the
actuality of such individual effort, the efficacy
of society is only a potency waiting to be realized.
It is real in the
actuality of many, but ideally one insofar as the many individuals
of society strive to create a social environment which is truly civilized.
In the latter, a higher - level
of actuality has emerged, thereby giving the
society as a whole a unity
of experience and activity Kim's position, however, does not allow for such a distinction: «Atoms and their mereological aggregates exhaust all
of concrete existence....
That this is indeed to be expected follows from two other features
of this metaphysical position: the distinction between lower and higher levels
of individual
actualities, and the distinction between genuine individuals and aggregational
societies of such.
Again, panexperientialism agrees — with one (all - important) proviso: that such things are not individual
actualities but aggregates or aggregational
societies of individuals.
In virtue
of its comprehensiveness as a metaphysical category, therefore, the term
society is much more suitable than the term substance to describe the various ontological totalities encountered in human experience.4 Yet this key insight into the ontological
actuality of Whiteheadian
societies is easily lost from view unless one ponders what Hegel was trying to express with the somewhat elusive notion
of Spirit.
Because Whitehead conceives the human psyche not to be a single
actuality, but a temporally - ordered
society of occasions
of experience, and further believes all actual entities to be occasions
of experience, he is able to use «the direct evidence as to the connectedness
of one's immediate present occasion
of experience with one's immediately past occasions... to suggest categories applying to the connectedness
of all occasions in nature» (AI 284).
This is because there is no one series
of higher - level
actualities («dominant occasions») within the
society which can coordinate the activities
of the myriad members.
Not only the spontaneous self - creativity
of the individual but the social order which makes possible that particular exercise
of spontaneity is essential for intense value - experience Indeed Whitehead says that» «order» means «
society» permissive
of actualities with patterned intensity
of feeling arising from adjusted contrasts» (PR 244 / 373f.).
The body is a vast
society of societies; the mind or psyche is a single, personally ordered
society whose primary immediate data are indistinctly intuited momentary
actualities forming the bodily
societies.
But for Whitehead, nature's «problem» can be solved only if two mutually - dependent kinds
of emergences are occurring: (a) more complex
societies of occasions must emerge if there is to be (b) the emergence
of higher - grade individual occasions which then are the final loci
of actuality and value.
Any member
of a set
of interacting individuals (each a sequence or
society of momentary
actualities) is influenced by all others;
«If we understand the exhibition as a form
of communication, it does not simply comment on
actualities in our
society such as widespread discrimination, bias or deliberate misinformation, but rather it presents a complex view
of the real, with no one dominant view, a reality formed by a vibrant and brilliant multitude
of perspectives» said Delahunty.
Having highlighted the risks
of a
society fascinated by consumption for over 50 years, the work
of Jannis Kounellis once again confirms its astonishing
actuality.
We're subscribing to
society's view
of what we should do and in
actuality, we're not happy about it.