The study found that self - described conservative Christian schools, the fastest growing sector of private schools, fared poorest, with their students falling as much as one year behind counterparts in public schools, once
socioeconomic factors such as income, ethnicity and access to books and computers, were considered.
While
socioeconomic factors such as income, health insurance and access to health services contribute to those disparities, they can not explain the whole difference.
Of clinical significance in terms of helping people with mental illness, the patients» happiness was unrelated to the severity or duration of their illness, to cognitive or physical function or to
socioeconomic factors such as age and education, which among healthy adults have been linked to a greater sense of well - being.
Maternal demoralization has been correlated with
socioeconomic factors such as material hardship.
While climate conditions in the U.S. are increasingly favorable to mosquitos,
socioeconomic factors such as access to clean water and air conditioning make large - scale outbreaks unlikely, according to new analysis of existing research — but small - scale, localized outbreaks are an ongoing concern.
Not exact matches
The research, compiled by the Harvard School of Public Health's Injury Control Research Center, is pretty clear: After controlling for variables
such as
socioeconomic factors and other crime, places with more guns have more gun deaths.
Factors such as age,
socioeconomic status, relationship status, and education did not elevate a -LSB-...]
Data on additional risk
factors or possible confounders,
such as maternal age, parity, gestational age, ethnicity, and
socioeconomic status, were collected from records accumulated during the pregnancy outcome study.
Women who did not breastfeed their children at all were four times more likely to neglect their children, even after adjusting for
factors such as low
socioeconomic status and education.
This is after taking account other important
factors associated with poor child development
such as
socioeconomic disadvantage, lower maternal age, maternal smoking in pregnancy and fetal growth restriction.
Factors such as age,
socioeconomic status, relationship status, and education did not elevate a woman's risk for the so - called «baby blues».
Statistical analysis showed that the finding was independent of other risk
factors contributing to conception,
such as age, current smoking,
socioeconomic status, bacterial vaginosis, previous deliveries, or clinical periodontal disease.
The researchers estimated the link between road traffic noise on these deaths and admissions, taking into account other
factors such as individuals» age and sex, as well as neighbourhood characteristics like ethnicity, smoking rate, air pollution, and
socioeconomic deprivation.
They are now examining some of the outpatient
factors that may result in disparities,
such as frequency of follow - up, and further investigating racial and
socioeconomic disparities in treatment and outcomes of children with Crohn's disease.
Certain
factors,
such as low
socioeconomic status and a rural lifestyle, are correlated with lower dietary quality and higher obesity rates.
The study found these relationships despite adjusting for
factors such as
socioeconomic status but did not look at other
factors that contribute to the children's obesity.
After adjusting for various
factors, including age, demographic
factors, health behaviors
such as smoking and alcohol consumption, physical activity, medical conditions, and
socioeconomic status, the researchers found that black workers in general — and black professionals in particular — were more likely to experience short sleep than whites.
That system should gather information about
factors that may contribute to how children recover from concussions,
such as age, sex, preexisting conditions
such as learning disabilities, and
socioeconomic status, it suggests.
One in four patients develop heart failure within four years of a first heart attack, according to a study in nearly 25,000 patients presented today at Heart Failure 2016 and the 3rd World Congress on Acute Heart Failure by Dr Johannes Gho, a cardiology resident at the University Medical Center Utrecht, in Utrecht, the Netherlands.1 Risk
factors included older age, greater
socioeconomic deprivation, and comorbidities
such as diabetes.
After accounting for other
factors,
such as
socioeconomic status, breast - feeding, birth weight and maternal smoking, infants living above 2,400 meters were 2.3 times more likely to die from SIDS than those below 1,800 meters.
The risk of developing 22 of the most common cancers, which represent 90 % of the cancers diagnosed in the UK, was measured according to BMI after adjusting for individual
factors such as age, sex, smoking status, and
socioeconomic status.
According to the senior author Ken Smith, Ph.D., a population health researcher at Huntsman Cancer Institute and a distinguished professor of family studies and population science at the University of Utah, «This study shows that early - life
socioeconomic status, based on
factors such as parental occupation at birth, may be associated with cancer risk in adulthood.
They measured total
socioeconomic adversity by weighing
factors such as average parental education, family economic hardship, family make - up and employment status.
In predicting how climate will affect irrigated crop yields in the future, the researchers also consider
factors such as population and economic growth, as well as competing demands for water from various
socioeconomic sectors, which are themselves projected to change as the climate warms.
Factors such as age, ethnicity,
socioeconomic groups and geopolitical statuses were analyzed and corrected for.
The study notes its most important limitation is that although researchers accounted for parental
socioeconomic status, they could not adjust for other mitigating
factors such as parental criminal histories or experiences of abuse by those in the study group.
But none of these studies was able to determine if the longevity was due to cultural
factors,
such as a higher
socioeconomic class or better living conditions.
Writing in a linked Comment, Alyssa Rheingold from the Medical University of South Carolina in the USA says, «Research suggests that risk
factors among patient victims
such as substance use, low
socioeconomic status, type of psychopathology, and engagement in behaviours that increase risk could be targeted.
«While we found adolescent exercise to be associated with lowered risk of death from cancer and cardiovascular disease as adults, some associations were attenuated after adjusting for adult
factors that may influence mortality later in life,
such as exercise, diet, body mass index [BMI],
socioeconomic status, and a history of chronic diseases.
«The discordant twin design minimizes a number of potentially confounding
factors that may explain the association between childhood verbal ability and subsequent alcohol use by «controlling» for differences on variables [
such as]
socioeconomic differences or family
factors that, if excluded, could cloud the interpretation of findings.»
In the new study, people with one «low» MAOA gene and one «high» MAOA gene reported having credit - card debt 7.8 percent more often than did people with two «high» versions, the researchers found, even when they controlled for
factors such as education and
socioeconomic status.
«It is not clear whether this relationship is due to confounding
factors such as poor
socioeconomic environment, or nutrition, during childhood that on the one hand determine achieved height and on the other the risk of coronary heart disease, or whether it represents a primary relationship between shorter height and more coronary heart disease.
«These differences remained statistically significant and robust even when we controlled for multiple known risk
factors for initiating cigarette smoking,
such as age, sex, race, ethnicity,
socioeconomic status, sensation seeking, parental smoking and friend smoking,» Dr. Primack said.
Albain's team examined how African - American participants fared, adjusting for potential confounding
factors such as weight and
socioeconomic status (estimated from ZIP codes).
Writing in the journal Neurobiology of Aging, a research team, led by senior author William S. Kremen, PhD, professor of psychiatry and co-director of the Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging at UC San Diego School of Medicine, found that major adverse events in life,
such as divorce, separation, miscarriage or death of a family member or friend, can measurably accelerate aging in the brains of older men, even when controlling for
such factors as cardiovascular risk, alcohol consumption, ethnicity and
socioeconomic status, which are all associated with aging risk.
In California, both NME and pertussis clusters were associated with
factors characteristic of high
socioeconomic status
such as lower population density; lower average family size; lower percentage of racial or ethnic minorities; higher percentage of high school, college, or graduate school graduates; higher median household income; and lower percentage of families in poverty.
Biography: Georgina's research interests lie broadly in understanding the
socioeconomic factors that influence opportunities for collaborative management of marine common - pool natural resources, and the multiple outcomes of
such initiatives.
The researchers analysed data from Mexico on the occurrence of dengue fever and the effect of climate variables
such as, temperature, humidity and rainfall, as well as
socioeconomic factors that included population figures and GDP per capita.
While it's important to recognize that diet is frequently associated with other
factors that may impact cognition in aging, Fargo says —
such as smoking, education levels, and
socioeconomic status — he does believe that there is «sufficiently strong evidence to conclude that a healthy diet may reduce the risk of cognitive decline.»
Even after other
factors that may influence suicide risk were taken into account —
such as
socioeconomic status, education, and even body mass index — the men with the lowest IQ were still about 3.5 times more likely to attempt suicide.
In discussing the limited evidence for the «probable» link between red meat and colorectal cancer, the WHO itself concedes that it is not possible to rule out other explanations (which it helpfully describes as «chance, bias or confounding»).2 Harcombe agrees, arguing that even when studies strive to adjust statistically for baseline differences in relevant
factors such as
socioeconomic status, body mass index, physical activity, smoking status and diabetes, it is impossible to grapple fully with all the
factors that differentiate «the couch potato» from «the paleo buff» (her ideal), or to take into account the «chasm» that separates fresh and traditionally preserved meats from modern manufactured meat products.9
The opposite — a «fixed mindset» — is a belief that external
factors such as students»
socioeconomic backgrounds, available school resources or current levels of achievement limit what is possible and make further improvement unlikely.
Or do they instead reflect
such factors as the racial or
socioeconomic makeup of their students?
Such factors include the influence of students» other educators (such as teachers and tutors), class size, the quality of the curriculum, and various socioeconomic eleme
Such factors include the influence of students» other educators (
such as teachers and tutors), class size, the quality of the curriculum, and various socioeconomic eleme
such as teachers and tutors), class size, the quality of the curriculum, and various
socioeconomic elements.
Children typically enter school with a wide range of background knowledge and oral - language ability, attributable in part to
factors such as children's experiences in the home and their
socioeconomic status.
Fischer and Watson also expected to find that demographic and socio - economic
factors such as race, ethnicity, gender, and
socioeconomic status would lead to aggression, as earlier studies had indicated; instead, they found that these
factors had little influence in whether or not a child became violent later in life.
Factors that differ across schools —
such as rigor of course work, teacher quality, and the
socioeconomic composition of schools — are all captured by school - level fixed - effects ηs.
Nonschool
factors —
such as a teenager's
socioeconomic status — affect American students» achievement in ways similar to the effects on students in other developed nations, concludes a study by the National Center for Education Statistics.
He said
factors of poverty that affect achievement in lower
socioeconomic rungs —
such as violence, mental illness, housing, and access to health care — must also be addressed by the community as a whole.»
The result is a growing wave of studies that are able to isolate the effect of schools and teachers from the myriad other
factors —
such as race, family
socioeconomic status, English proficiency, and student mobility.