Sentences with phrase «sodium channels in»

At the cellular level, consider the voltage-gated behavior of the sodium channels in a nerve axon or the «negative damping» of hair cells in the cochlea.

The plant contains grayanotoxin, a toxin that binds to sodium channels in cell membranes and changes the permeability.

Once this plant has been ingested the organic compound binds to the sodium channels in the host's cell membranes which disrupts the natural electrical current present in the cells.

Sodium channels in the cells that line the tiny capillaries in our lungs play an important role in keeping those capillaries from leaking and potentially worsening conditions like pneumonia, scientists report.

Pyrethroids, the main class of pesticides used against bedbugs today, targets sodium channels in bedbug cells, just like DDT.

Dravet syndrome is one of the most challenging forms of childhood epilepsy, resulting from a specific genetic mutation that affects sodium channels in the brain.

In a major breakthrough several years ago, two research groups, the Zuker group at Columbia and the Bachmanov group at the Monell Center for Chemical Senses, each got around this problem by finding drugs that could temporarily block a certain type of sodium channel in mice's mouths.

An international joint research group found that the cause of heart arrhythmia in myotonic dystrophy was RNA abnormalities in the sodium channel in the heart, clarifying the symptom's mechanism.

Not exact matches

It has been estimated that 5 % to 10 % of infants who die from SIDS have novel mutations in the cardiac sodium or potassium channel genes that result in long QT syndrome as well as in other genes that regulate channel function.44 A recent report described important new molecular and functional evidence that implicates specific SCN5A (sodium channel gene) β subunits in SIDS pathogenesis.47 The identification of polymorphisms in genes pertinent to the embryologic origin of the autonomic nervous system in SIDS cases also lends support to the hypothesis that a genetic predisposition contributes to the etiology of SIDS.

In this case, over time, amino acids in three different sodium channels found in nerves and muscle changed, allowing select snakes to resist the numbness and paralysis typically brought on by the toxiIn this case, over time, amino acids in three different sodium channels found in nerves and muscle changed, allowing select snakes to resist the numbness and paralysis typically brought on by the toxiin three different sodium channels found in nerves and muscle changed, allowing select snakes to resist the numbness and paralysis typically brought on by the toxiin nerves and muscle changed, allowing select snakes to resist the numbness and paralysis typically brought on by the toxin.

The novel substance BIIB074 which was tested in this phase II study inhibits the sodium channel 1.7 state - dependent, meaning: The more active this sodium channel gets, the stronger it is blocked by BIIB074.

Pain signals reach the brain via the activation of sodium channels located in the membranes of nerve cells.

That suggests that this sodium channel could be a target for the development of drugs to prevent the pain caused by acid build - up — which happens in arthritis and other inflammatory disorders.

Approximately 80 % of Dravet patients have mutations in the gene SCN1A which encodes the Nav1.1 sodium channel, however for the remaining 20 % of patients the underlying genetic cause has yet to be determined.

When the neuron gets a cue, gates on sodium channels are thrown open, ions rush in, and the voltage surges.

For instance, the KscA pore, a potassium channel found in soil bacteria, is thought to select potassium using its speed to distinguish it from the very similar sized and charged sodium.

The mutation resulted in a lower single channel conductance for calcium and a strongly increased conductance for sodium and potassium, indicating that glutamic acid - 95 is a crucial constituent of the ion selectivity filter.

In myotonic dystrophic patients, titration of MBNL protein by RNA containing expanded CUG repeats leads to expression of a fetal splicing form of the cardiac sodium channel, SCN5A, inappropriate to adult heart physiology, ultimately resulting in cardiac conduction delay and heart arrhythmias, which are two key features of myotonic dystrophIn myotonic dystrophic patients, titration of MBNL protein by RNA containing expanded CUG repeats leads to expression of a fetal splicing form of the cardiac sodium channel, SCN5A, inappropriate to adult heart physiology, ultimately resulting in cardiac conduction delay and heart arrhythmias, which are two key features of myotonic dystrophin cardiac conduction delay and heart arrhythmias, which are two key features of myotonic dystrophy.

This small protein molecule contains a loop which fits, like a key in a lock, into the ion channel proteins found on nerve cell membranes, which are used to transport sodium and potassium ions in and out of the cell.

Small changes in the protein sequence of sodium channels of American compared with German cockroaches leave the latter susceptible to a venom that has little effect on the former.

In addition, a computer simulation demonstrated that the compromised sodium channel function caused abnormalities in an electrocardiogram, which was similar to abnormalities in patientIn addition, a computer simulation demonstrated that the compromised sodium channel function caused abnormalities in an electrocardiogram, which was similar to abnormalities in patientin an electrocardiogram, which was similar to abnormalities in patientin patients.

Moreover, problems in sodium channels play a role in epilepsy and heart disorders — both common in children with SIDS.

This is an alternative splicing model of the cardiac sodium channel (SCN5A) in myotonic dystrophy.

Researchers at Johns Hopkins have spotted a strong family trait in two distant relatives: The channels that permit entry of sodium and calcium ions into cells turn out to share similar means for regulating ion intake, they say.

The implications of a common control element in sodium and calcium channels are vast, Yue says, including unified understanding of conditions that spring from defects in the calcium control of these channels.

«We thought that the conflicting results for sodium channels might be related to difficulties in existing methods to control the calcium concentrations that might affect these channels,» Ben - Johny says.

The researchers discovered T - type channels in the pond snail, Lymnaea stagnalis, can shift from using calcium ions to using sodium ions to generate the electrical signal.

They found that, as with calcium channels, increasing calcium concentrations caused calmodulin to bind within the resemblance element of sodium channels and prevent their opening, just as in calcium channels.

The researchers discovered T - type channels in the pond snail, Lymnaea stagnalis, can shift from using calcium ions to using sodium ions to generate the electrical signal because of an outer shield of amino acids called a turret situated above the channel's entrance.

Structural studies give insight into how a human sodium channel involved in pain perception can be selectively inhibited.

Further, the interleaved and porous structure of the paper electrode offers smooth channels for sodium to diffuse in and out as the cell is charged and discharged quickly.

Researchers have known for decades that some microorganisms, such as single - celled green algae, have proteins that respond to light by opening a channel in the microbe's membranes, allowing the passage of electrically charged ions (such as calcium and sodium).

In effect, this sodium channel amplifies the pain signal so it can be «heard» by the brain, says King.

Nerves and other electrically - excitable cells communicate with one another by transmitting electrical signals, and sodium channels play a vital role in this process.

Miljanich believes that a viable alternative to opioids that could work against all pain syndromes could arrive in the next three to four years, most likely as some sort of sodium channel 1.7 blocker.

Using a technique called atomic force microscopy, Dilshan Balasuriya, led by Professor Mike Edwardson in Cambridge's Department of Pharmacology, imaged individual 3 trimers and confirmed that the complete 3 - subunit trimers cross-linked up to three sodium channel α - subunits.

TRPV4 is an ion channel, a gateway in the cell membrane that rapidly lets in positively charged ions such as calcium and sodium.

Woods published his findings in 2006 in the journal Nature, suggesting that this discovery could «stimulate the search for novel analgesics that selectively target this sodium channel.»

Sodium channels are implicated in many serious conditions such as heart disease, epilepsy and pain, making them an important potential target for drug therapies.

This molecule is particularly important in regulating sodium channels located on heart cells.

The team first tested the antibody in cultured cells engineered to express the Nav1.7 sodium channel.

In contrast, turning the switch permanently on led to increased late sodium channel current and arrhythmias even at baseline.

Mutations in the human gene encoding the Nav1.7 sodium channel can lead to either the inability to sense pain or pain hypersensitivity.

«Originally, I was interested in isolating these sodium channels from cells to study their structure,» said Seok - Yong Lee, assistant professor of biochemistry in the Duke University Medical School and principal investigator of the study.

The newly described nemertides attack tiny channels in cell walls that control the amount of sodium flowing in and out of the cell.

In cells from sick hearts, these channels often don't inactivate properly, allowing for excess sodium entry and a build - up of calcium, which ultimately promotes abnormal heart rate (arrhythmia) and symptoms of heart failure.

According to a research team led by Thomas Hund, the key may reside in voltage-gated sodium channels, nanoscopic pores that control the flow of sodium ions across the heart cell membrane.

«We know dysregulation of a protein enzyme called multifunctional CaM kinase II plays a role in disrupting sodium channel function in cardiac disease, but it was a matter of determining how this occurred and whether we could we prevent it for therapeutic benefit,» said Hund, an associate professor of biomedical engineering at The Ohio State University.

In so doing, «it can be seen that calcium - free calmodulin is in no way dormant, but instead markedly boosts the opening of calcium and sodium channels to begin with,» Yue sayIn so doing, «it can be seen that calcium - free calmodulin is in no way dormant, but instead markedly boosts the opening of calcium and sodium channels to begin with,» Yue sayin no way dormant, but instead markedly boosts the opening of calcium and sodium channels to begin with,» Yue says.

When appropriately stimulated, the channels open, sodium ions flow in, and the muscle cells contract.