Sentences with phrase «sodium concentrations in»

The inversion of potassium and sodium concentrations in hominin diets had no evolutionary precedent and now plays an integral role in eliciting and contributing to numerous diseases of civilization.

However, significant differences emerged when the researchers looked at sodium concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid, the fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord, providing a cushion for the brain while also helping to ensure chemical stability for proper brain function.

Migraine sufferers have significantly higher sodium concentrations in their cerebrospinal fluid than people without the condition, according to the first study to use a technique called sodium MRI to look at migraine patients.

Theoretically we should also be able to study sodium concentration in red blood cells which again has major implications for disease diagnosis and treatment.

Proper electrolyte balance is achieved by maintaining a relatively high potassium content inside the cell and a high sodium concentration in the fluid outside the cell (extracellular fluid): Though potassium and sodium are the two major electrolytes found in the human body, many other elements are required for normal physiological function.

Your body has several mechanisms to ensure you maintain a proper sodium concentration in your cells and tissues.

Not exact matches

The F.D.A. set a two - year reduction target of 440 mg of sodium per 100 grams for white bread, down from a 2010 baseline of 523 mg of sodium in the sales - weighted mean concentration of sodium per 100 grams.

Landon was diagnosed with hypernatremic dehydration (a high concentration of sodium in the blood), cardiac arrest from hypovolemic shock (a condition where the liquid portion of the blood is dangerously low), and hypoxic - ischemic encephalopathy (a brain injury caused by oxygen deprivation).

Regarding sodium, only when it is present in concentrations high enough to lower available water - to - bacteria - to - water activities to below 0.85 is it considered a preservative.

In the concentrations present here, I feel okay about it, but we have chosen to offer only products free of sodium benzoate in our online storIn the concentrations present here, I feel okay about it, but we have chosen to offer only products free of sodium benzoate in our online storin our online store.

«You'll be able to go and search «what does sodium concentration look like in Southern Tier drinking water?»»

Specifically, during the part of the DASH trial in which participants were given the least sodium, their uric acid concentrations were the highest, with slight decreases achieved during the medium and high sodium portions of the trial.

In their system, a very high concentration of the organic salt sodium trifluoromethanesulfonimide (NaTFSI) stabilizes DMSO in the presence of sodiuIn their system, a very high concentration of the organic salt sodium trifluoromethanesulfonimide (NaTFSI) stabilizes DMSO in the presence of sodiuin the presence of sodium.

Having the right concentrations of sodium and calcium ions in cells enables healthy brain communication, heart contraction and many other processes.

«We thought that the conflicting results for sodium channels might be related to difficulties in existing methods to control the calcium concentrations that might affect these channels,» Ben - Johny says.

They found that, as with calcium channels, increasing calcium concentrations caused calmodulin to bind within the resemblance element of sodium channels and prevent their opening, just as in calcium channels.

In the latest paper, published today, the team assessed concentrations of sodium and potassium in the urine sampleIn the latest paper, published today, the team assessed concentrations of sodium and potassium in the urine samplein the urine samples.

[Based on the relative concentrations of salts such as potassium and sodium in the cytoplasm of all biological cells and questions regarding the formation of their fatty - acid membranes, however, scientists have also theorized that life began in hot springs on land rather in the oceans (Mulkidjanian et al, 2012; and Colin Barras, New Scientist, March 10, 2012.)-RSB-

The team studied the phenomenon by placing tadpoles in tanks with concentrations of sodium chloride similar to those of waterways near roads treated with road salt.

Using 1,200 - liter tanks outfitted to mimic lake ecosystems, researchers exposed Daphnia to five levels of road salt (sodium chloride) ranging from a relatively low concentration of 15 milligrams chloride per liter (the current Lake George concentration) to a high concentration of 1,000 milligrams per liter (mimicking highly contaminated lakes in North America).

Taurine is actually the second most abundant amino acid in the body (the first being glutamine), found in high concentrations in the skeletal muscles and the brain, where it aids the transport of potassium, calcium, sodium and magnesium, which nearly qualifies it as a neurotransmitter.

The high concentrations of electrolytes in milk (133 mg of sodium and 431 mg of potassium per 250 mL) can increase fluid retention and subsequently improve hydration.

Despite the salty taste, sweat contains a limited amount of sodium compared to the overall concentration in the body.

The highest concentration of sodium in the body can be found in the skeleton.

As the concentration of aldosterone rises in the body, the concentration of sodium and water rises; thus more fluid is retained in the body and blood pressure rises.

When the fluid is replaced too quickly without adequate sodium, the amount of sodium in the body may become diluted, resulting in an even lower sodium concentration.

In 2001, the Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) published a final report on the safety assessment of benzyl alcohol, benzoic acid, and sodium benzoate with the conclusion that benzyl alcohol, benzoic acid, and sodium benzoate are safe for use in cosmetic formulations at concentrations up to 5 In 2001, the Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) published a final report on the safety assessment of benzyl alcohol, benzoic acid, and sodium benzoate with the conclusion that benzyl alcohol, benzoic acid, and sodium benzoate are safe for use in cosmetic formulations at concentrations up to 5 in cosmetic formulations at concentrations up to 5 %.

On the basis of the available animal and clinical data, it is concluded that Sodium Dehydroacetate and Dehydroacetic Acid are safe as cosmetic ingredients in the present practices of use and concentration.

But if you're into endurance events, by sweating out sodium and hydrating with water alone, you could experience heat cramps or hyponatremia, a low concentration of sodium in the blood that can be fatal in extreme cases.

That's why we see much greater concentrations of sodium in the extracellular environment compared to the concentrations inside cells (and vice-versa for potassium).

Without enough magnesium, the active transporters are unable to restore the original concentrations of sodium and potassium in the cell.

Instances of endurance athletes experiencing dangerous low blood sodium concentrations (known as hyponatremia) during exercise usually occurs when they ingest large quantities of water, which dilutes their normal blood sodium concentrations and leaves them in a deadly condition.

As an electrolyte, potassium is a positive charged ion that must maintain a certain concentration (about 30 times higher inside than outside your cells) in order to carry out its functions, which includes interacting with sodium to help control nerve impulse transmission, muscle contraction and heart function.

One measured fluid, electrolyte, and renal indices of hydration over eleven days of caffeine consumption in human subjects, finding that doses of up to 6 mg caffeine per kilogram of body weight had no effect on body mass, urine osmolality (urine concentration), urine specific gravity (concentration of excreted materials in urine), urine color, urine volume, sodium excretion, potassium secretion, creatinine content, blood urea nitrogen (forms when protein breaks down), and serum levels of sodium and potassium.

Deficiency Symptoms Sodium excess is a more likely scenario, but profound sweating, fever, diarrhea, fasting and very low - salt diets can result in symptoms like muscle twitching, dehydration, memory loss, nausea, poor concentration and loss of appetite.

Cadmium concentrations in the kidney induce renal dysfunction and contribute to hypertension due to sodium retention, glucose intolerance, dyslipidemia and zinc deficiency.

The electrolyte - specific capsules are useful during longer - duration exercise sessions and competitions in a hot environment, particularly for individuals who have a high sodium sweat concentration and high sweat losses.

Electrolytes lost in high concentrations through sweat include sodium and chloride, while electrolytes lost in low concentrations include potassium, magnesium and calcium.

The students then have to perform a titration and try and get concordant results in order to calculate the concentration of hydrochloric acid using a standard solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate.

To investigate the effect of concentration of Sodium Thiosulphate in a reaction with Hydrochloric Acid.

As the kidney has many functions, and to help your vet decide on the best treatment, a number of other blood and urine values can be important such as albumin, potassium, sodium, calcium and phosphorus, the concentration of the urine, the amount of protein in the urine and whether infection is present.

The European Union has permitted sodium hydroxymethylglycinate at concentrations up to 0.5 % in human products.

In vomiting dogs the initial approach is to distinguish self - limiting from more severe causes of vomiting on the basis of physical fi ndings and a minimum database (e.g. Packed cell volume, total protein, azostick, urinalysis, plasma concentrations of sodium and potassium).

Your dog or cat's blood osmolality is determined by a simple mathematical formula that uses the concentration of dissolved sodium (Na +) glucose and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) found in your pet's blood sample.

Clinical findings and serum cardiac troponin I concentrations in horses after intragastric administration of sodium monensin.

Then there is a group of tests that analyzes the concentration of chemical elements like calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium and chloride in the blood.

Studies suggest that therapeutic diets that are restricted in protein, phosphorus and sodium content and high in water - soluble vitamins, fiber, and antioxidant concentrations may prolong life and improve quality of life in cats with CKD.

Examinations and testing of affected and unaffected dogs before and after strenuous ball - chasing or sheep herding exercise found no difference between the the normal and affected groups in blood sugar and calcium, the muscle enzyme creatinine kinase, and electrolyte (sodium and potassium) concentrations before or after exercise.

ACT - activated clotting time (bleeding disorders) ACTH - adrenocorticotropic hormone (adrenal gland function) Ag - antigen test for proteins specific to a disease causing organism or virus Alb - albumin (liver, kidney and intestinal disorders) Alk - Phos, ALP alkaline phosphatase (liver and adrenal disorders) Allergy Testing intradermal or blood antibody test for allergen hypersensitivity ALT - alanine aminotransferase (liver disorder) Amyl - amylase enzyme — non specific (pancreatitis) ANA - antinuclear antibody (systemic lupus erythematosus) Anaplasmosis Anaplasma spp. (tick - borne rickettsial disease) APTT - activated partial thromboplastin time (blood clotting ability) AST - aspartate aminotransferase (muscle and liver disorders) Band band cell — type of white blood cell Baso basophil — type of white blood cell Bile Acids digestive acids produced in the liver and stored in the gall bladder (liver function) Bili bilirubin (bile pigment responsible for jaundice from liver disease or RBC destruction) BP - blood pressure measurement BUN - blood urea nitrogen (kidney and liver function) Bx biopsy C & S aerobic / anaerobic bacterial culture and antibiotic sensitivity test (infection, drug selection) Ca +2 calcium ion — unbound calcium (parathyroid gland function) CBC - complete blood count (all circulating cells) Chol cholesterol (liver, thyroid disorders) CK, CPK creatine [phospho] kinase (muscle disease, heart disease) Cl - chloride ion — unbound chloride (hydration, blood pH) CO2 - carbon dioxide (blood pH) Contrast Radiograph x-ray image using injected radiopaque contrast media Cortisol hormone produced by the adrenal glands (adrenal gland function) Coomb's anti- red blood cell antibody test (immune - mediated hemolytic anemia) Crea creatinine (kidney function) CRT - capillary refill time (blood pressure, tissue perfusion) DTM - dermatophyte test medium (ringworm — dermatophytosis) EEG - electroencephalogram (brain function, epilepsy) Ehrlichia Ehrlichia spp. (tick - borne rickettsial disease) EKG, ECG - electrok [c] ardiogram (electrical heart activity, heart arryhthmia) Eos eosinophil — type of white blood cell Fecal, flotation, direct intestinal parasite exam FeLV Feline Leukemia Virus test FIA Feline Infectious Anemia: aka Feline Hemotrophic Mycoplasma, Haemobartonella felis test FIV Feline Immunodeficiency Virus test Fluorescein Stain fluorescein stain uptake of cornea (corneal ulceration) fT4, fT4ed, freeT4ed thyroxine hormone unbound by protein measured by equilibrium dialysis (thyroid function) GGT gamma - glutamyltranferase (liver disorders) Glob globulin (liver, immune system) Glu blood or urine glucose (diabetes mellitus) Gran granulocytes — subgroup of white blood cells Hb, Hgb hemoglobin — iron rich protein bound to red blood cells that carries oxygen (anemia, red cell mass) HCO3 - bicarbonate ion (blood pH) HCT, PCV, MHCT hematocrit, packed - cell volume, microhematocrit (hemoconcentration, dehydration, anemia) K + potassium ion — unbound potassium (kidney disorders, adrenal gland disorders) Lipa lipase enzyme — non specific (pancreatitis) LYME Borrelia spp. (tick - borne rickettsial disease) Lymph lymphocyte — type of white blood cell MCHC mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (anemia, iron deficiency) MCV mean corpuscular volume — average red cell size (anemia, iron deficiency) Mg +2 magnesium ion — unbound magnesium (diabetes, parathyroid function, malnutrition) MHCT, HCT, PCV microhematocrit, hematocrit, packed - cell volume (hemoconcentration, dehydration, anemia) MIC minimum inhibitory concentration — part of the C&S that determines antimicrobial selection Mono monocyte — type of white blood cell MRI magnetic resonance imaging (advanced tissue imaging) Na + sodium ion — unbound sodium (dehydration, adrenal gland disease) nRBC nucleated red blood cell — immature red blood cell (bone marrow damage, lead toxicity) PCV, HCT, MHCT packed - cell volume, hematocrit, microhematocrit (hemoconcentration, dehydration, anemia) PE physical examination pH urine pH (urinary tract infection, urolithiasis) Phos phosphorus (kidney disorders, ketoacidosis, parathyroid function) PLI pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity (pancreatitis) PLT platelet — cells involved in clotting (bleeding disorders) PT prothrombin time (bleeding disorders) PTH parathyroid hormone, parathormone (parathyroid function) Radiograph x-ray image RBC red blood cell count (anemia) REL Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever / Ehrlichia / Lyme combination test Retic reticulocyte — immature red blood cell (regenerative vs. non-regenerative anemia) RMSF Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever SAP serum alkaline phosphatase (liver disorders) Schirmer Tear Test tear production test (keratoconjunctivitis sicca — dry eye,) Seg segmented neutrophil — type of white blood cell USG Urine specific gravity (urine concentration, kidney function) spec cPL specific canine pancreatic lipase (pancreatitis)-- replaces the PLI test spec fPL specific feline pancreatic lipase (pancreatitis)-- replaces the PLI test T4 thyroxine hormone — total (thyroid gland function) TLI trypsin - like immunoreactivity (exocrine pancreatic insufficiency) TP total protein (hydration, liver disorders) TPR temperature / pulse / respirations (physical exam vital signs) Trig triglycerides (fat metabolism, liver disorders) TSH thyroid stimulating hormone (thyroid gland function) UA urinalysis (kidney function, urinary tract infection, diabetes) Urine Cortisol - Crea Ratio urine cortisol - creatine ratio (screening test for adrenal gland disease) Urine Protein - Crea Ratio urine protein - creatinine ratio (kidney disorders) VWF VonWillebrands factor (bleeding disorder) WBC white blood cell count (infection, inflammation, bone marrow suppression)

Composed of sodium chloride or calcium chloride, de-icing salts damage plants by displacing important elements like potassium and phosphorus in the soil and increasing salt concentrations within plants, making it difficult for roots to absorb water.