Not exact matches
Special -
education placements did
increase nationally, just not in any systematic way suggestive of a relationship to state accountability.
From 1995 to 2000, the time when many state accountability systems were coming on - line, we found no evidence that
special -
education placement increased in reaction to the introduction of accountability.
And yet, its proponents say the practice has a solid place in the 21st - century classroom because looping has been known to strengthen student - teacher bonds, improve test scores, expand time for instruction,
increase parent participation, and reduce behavioral problems and
placements in
special education programs.
Research shows that when a full - service school works well, student achievement
increases, attendance rates go up, suspensions drop, and
special education placements decrease (Dryfoos, 1994; Dryfoos & Maguire, 2002).
In Tulsa, Oklahoma, New Jersey, and Boston, pre-kindergarten programs demonstrate impressive outcomes that include positive effects on math scores, grade retention, and chronic absenteeism at the end of grade 8;
increased achievement on language arts, literacy, math, and science, as well as decreased grade retention and
special education placement at the end of grade 5; and stronger than typical impacts on academic readiness (effect sizes in the 0.4 — 0.6 range) at school entry.
But the authors provide no data to refute our findings that private
placement imposes a trivial financial burden on public schools or that the overall financial burden of
special education has not
increased over the last three decades.
There is near universal consensus that quality preschool benefits children,
increasing the chance of graduation, higher earnings, and decreasing
placement in
special education, involvement in the criminal justice system and the need for other social services.
Similarly, the disruptions of moving into and out of hospitals, foster homes, and residential treatment facilities will disrupt learning and interfere with success at school, which has consequences not only for
special education but also for delinquency.20 In this vein, research has found that removal from the home and multiple
placements occasioned by spending time in foster care are also associated with
increased criminal activity.21