To reconstruct the past evolution of the Cosgrove Ice Shelf, Minzoni and her team examined multiple characteristics of the core sediments, including grain size and layering, carbon and nitrogen levels, and
species of diatoms and foraminifera.
Out of the vast diversity of plankton in the oceans, the worst offenders are a few
species of diatoms, dinoflagellates and cyanobacteria, collectively called harmful algae.
Not exact matches
The aim
of my PhD is to use the distribution
of diatom species preserved in sediment cores across the Scotia Sea to reconstruct the position
of major ocean boundaries and water masses through time.
Previously, many water managers in the region had believed that the algae blooms
of the
diatom Didymosphenia geminata — which resemble blobs
of wet toilet paper or shag rugs — resulted from an invasive
species problem starting in the mid-2000s that could be fixed by regular washing
of fishing gear and other sanitation measures.
During this cruise we are looking at the
diatom species currently living in the surface waters in order to develop our understanding
of their habitats.
Biologists from the University
of Geneva (UNIGE), Switzerland, have succeeded in establishing a water quality index based solely on the DNA sequences
of the
diatoms present in the samples, without needing to identify each
species visually.
The «space station» is a primitive
diatom of the
species Stephanodiscus, and the «shuttle craft» are scales from algal cysts, dormant forms
of algae.
At present, scientists have no way to ensure that the desired
species of silica - shelled
diatoms bloom.
Diatoms are also quite numerous, with the estimated number
of species exceeding one million.
Psudeo - nitzschia «Pseudo-nitzschia is a marine planktonic
diatom genus containing some
species capable
of producing the neurotoxin domoic acid (DA), which is responsible for the neurological disorder known as amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP).»
Once the silicate in the water is used up, the population
of diatoms will drop and you will no longer have the same distribution
of phytoplankton
species.
The predicted continuous warming trend
of the ocean surface temperature is expected to favour the growth
of smaller phytoplankton cells (picophytoplankton replacing large
diatoms) that in turn would also favour small - sized zooplankton
species (Li et al. 2009).
In the final paper
of this issue, Tatters et al. [66] study the competitiveness
of natural
diatom communities incubated under future environmental conditions for two weeks, after which the dominant
species were isolated and then incubated again for over a year before recombining the now conditioned
species to reconstruct the original community.