We also performed subgroup meta - analyses by
type of prevention (primary v secondary: in this study, trials involving healthy populations or patients with any
specific disease except for cardiovascular disease were classified as primary prevention trials, and trials involving patients with cardiovascular disease were classified as secondary prevention trials),
type of supplement by quality and dose (each supplement, vitamins only,
antioxidants only, or
antioxidants excluding vitamins),
type of outcome (cardiovascular death, angina, fatal or non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke, or transient ischaemic attack),
type of outcome in each supplement,
type of study design (randomised, double blind, placebo controlled trial v open label, randomised controlled trial), methodological quality (high v low), duration
of treatment (< 5 years v ≥ 5 years), funding source (pharmaceutical industry v independent organisation), provider
of supplements (pharmaceutical industry v not pharmaceutical industry),
type of control (placebo v no placebo), number
of participants (≥ 10000 v < 10000), and supplements given singly or in combination with other vitamin or
antioxidant supplements by quality.
Not much is known about the
specific compounds responsible for the medicinal properties
of melon, although different
types of flavonoids have been identified and are believed to play a role in their
antioxidant properties.
The profile is varied, with the aforementioned lignans like isolariciresinol, and tons
of specific antioxidant types including quercetin, quinic acid, terpenes, violaxanthin, kaempferol, rutin, and isorhamnetin.