The publicly available report also divides the Arctic Ocean into 12 regions, and calculates the changes in the dates of
spring sea ice retreat and fall freeze - up from NASA satellite images taken between 1979 and 2013.
Not exact matches
The second error is obvious from the fact that the recent warming is seen in the oceans, the atmosphere, in Arctic
sea ice retreat, in glacier recession, earlier
springs, reduced snow cover etc., so even if all met stations were contaminated (which they aren't), global warming would still be «unequivocal».
«the recent warming is seen in the oceans, the atmosphere, in Arctic
sea ice retreat, in glacier recession, earlier
springs, reduced snow cover etc...».
Since IPCC (2001) the cryosphere has undergone significant changes, such as the substantial
retreat of arctic
sea ice, especially in summer; the continued shrinking of mountain glaciers; the decrease in the extent of snow cover and seasonally frozen ground, particularly in spring; the earlier breakup of river and lake ice; and widespread thinning of antarctic ice shelves along the Amundsen Sea coast, indicating increased basal melting due to increased ocean heat fluxes in the cavities below the ice shelv
sea ice, especially in summer; the continued shrinking of mountain glaciers; the decrease in the extent of snow cover and seasonally frozen ground, particularly in
spring; the earlier breakup of river and lake
ice; and widespread thinning of antarctic
ice shelves along the Amundsen
Sea coast, indicating increased basal melting due to increased ocean heat fluxes in the cavities below the ice shelv
Sea coast, indicating increased basal melting due to increased ocean heat fluxes in the cavities below the
ice shelves.
Current predictions [5], [6] suggest that trends in
sea ice extent will alter in the second half of this century and that the annual average
sea ice extent will diminish by 33 %; most of this
retreat is expected to occur in winter and
spring [5], [6], with attendant risks for emperor penguins.
The second error is obvious from the fact that the recent warming is seen in the oceans, the atmosphere, in Arctic
sea ice retreat, in glacier recession, earlier
springs, reduced snow cover etc., so even if all met stations were contaminated (which they aren't), global warming would still be «unequivocal».
Qualitative indicators like
sea ice coverage,
spring thaw dates, and melting permafrost provide strong additional evidence that trends have been positive at middle and high northern latitudes, while glacier
retreat suggests warming aloft at lower latitudes.
[UPDATE, 5/20: Natalie Angier has written a nice column on the relatively unheralded walrus, which — like the far more charismatic polar bear — is having a hard time as Arctic
sea ice retreats earlier and farther each
spring and summer and forms later in the boreal fall.
As noted above, the recent warming «is seen in the oceans, the atmosphere, in Arctic
sea ice retreat, in glacier recession, earlier
springs, reduced snow cover etc.» Another «inconvenient truth» for denialists to avoid mentioning or acknowledging while overblowing the UHI issue.
As expected from my 2002 paper, the low A.O. conditions of late have sequestered quite a bit of
sea ice the Arctic, which should foster a more moderate
retreat of
sea ice extent this coming
spring, summer and fall.
So if you apply a negative sign to the figure at the bottom of / / seaice.apl.washington.edu/AO/, I would expect colder than normal
spring especially in the Eurasian Arctic, less
retreat of
sea ice this summer, then colder than normal this fall in the Eurasian Arctic....
And remember, the satellite data are one small part of a vast amount of data that overwhelmingly show our planet is warming up:
retreating glaciers, huge amounts of
ice melting at both poles, the «death spiral» of arctic
ice every year at the summer minimum over time, earlier annual starts of warm weather and later starts of cold weather, warming oceans, rising
sea levels, ocean acidification, more extreme weather, changing weather patterns overall, earlier snow melts, and lower snow cover in the
spring...
«Mid-latitude economies such as those in Europe and the United States could be threatened, for example, by a suggested link between
sea -
ice retreat and the strength and position of the jet stream, bringing extreme winter and
spring weather,» the paper states.
You can't fake
spring coming earlier, or trees growing higher up on mountains, or glaciers
retreating for kilometres up valleys, or shrinking
ice cover in the Arctic, or birds changing their migration times, or permafrost melting in Alaska, or the tropics expanding, or
ice shelves on the Antarctic peninsula breaking up, or peak river flow occurring earlier in summer because of earlier snowmelt, or
sea level rising faster and faster, or any of the thousands of similar examples.
Similar
sea ice trends and weather conditions were present during the
spring seasons preceding past
ice shelf
retreats (e.g., 2001 to 2002).
They found that 68 percent of the variance in the date that
ice retreats from the continental shelf break in the Chukchi
Sea in
spring can be explained by fluctuations in the April through June Bering Strait oceanic heat inflow.
Because of its cold - adapted features and rapid warming, climate change impacts on Alaska are already pronounced, including earlier
spring snowmelt, reduced
sea ice, widespread glacier
retreat, warmer permafrost, drier landscapes, and more extensive insect outbreaks and wildfire, as described below.
In an extreme case with Arctic
sea ice retreating even in
spring, this process could become far less important.