The overall width of the distribution of Outlooks has narrowed compared to last year: the interquartile spread across all types of contributions is 0.53 million square kilometers, which is a decrease of 0.27 million
square kilometers since last year.
«First signs of healing in the Antarctic ozone layer: September ozone hole has shrunk by 4 million
square kilometers since 2000.»
Foresters strongly favored planting more commercially valuable coniferous trees — such as Scots pines, Norway spruce and beech — resulting in the reforestation of 633,000 square kilometers of conifers at the expense of broadleaved forests, which decreased by 436,000
square kilometers since 1850.
Low - oxygen zones where large ocean species can not live have increased by close to 5.2 million
square kilometers since the 1960s, the team found.
Not exact matches
The city also has coated 0.62
square kilometers of roof surfaces white
since 2009.
Using satellites, ground - based instruments, and ozone - measuring weather balloons, they showed that
since 2000, the September hole shrunk by 4 million
square kilometers — an area bigger than India.
Since then the paiche has spread across more than 340
square kilometers, roughly a quarter of the Bolivian Amazon.
Since that year the minimum ice cover has declined rapidly, dwindling to an all - time record low of 3.4 million
square kilometers on September 16, 2012.
The team found that the September ozone hole has shrunk by more than 4 million
square kilometers — about half the area of the contiguous United States —
since 2000, when ozone depletion was at its peak.
Satellites from NASA and other agencies have been tracking sea ice changes
since 1979, and the data show that Arctic sea ice has been shrinking at an average rate of about 20,500
square miles (53,100
square kilometers) per year over the 1979 - 2015 period.
Since 2001, the ISA has granted 26 mining exploration contracts covering more than one million
square kilometers of seabed, with 18 of these contracts granted in the last four years.
Antarctic sea ice extent reached a record high this year on 22 September, topping 20 million
square kilometers for the first time
since 1979, according to the National Snow and Ice Data Center.
A: The National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) announced this week that the sea ice surrounding Antarctica reached its maximum extent — its widest halo around the continent — in 2014 on 22 September: more than 20 million
square kilometers, which also set a record for the highest extent of sea ice around the continent
since satellite measurements began in the late 1970s.
But in the three decades
since, the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone — 4,200
square kilometers straddling the border of Belarus and Ukraine — has become an unlikely wildlife reserve.
Arctic sea ice extent was below normal for the 11th consecutive April this year, covering an average of 5.7 million
square miles (14.7 million
square kilometers) 2.1 percent below the 1979 - 2000 average extent and the 15th smallest April extent
since records began in 1979.
Since Belize's mainland stretches only 22,960
square kilometers, it is very easy to travel from one point to another.
Conservation Status The most recent edition of the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species listed the Channel Islands slender salamander as of Least Concern
since, although its Extent of Occurrence is much less than 5,000 per
square kilometer, it is common and occurs in an area of extensive, suitable habitat which appears not to be under threat, it has a presumed large population, and it is unlikely to be declining fast enough to qualify for listing in a more threatened category.
Since 2004, farmers and ranchers in Brazil have spared over 86,000
square kilometers of rain forests, close to 14.3 million soccer fields, from clear - cutting.
Since 1967, spring snow cover in the Northern Hemisphere has dwindled by about three million
square kilometers.
The reason it is criticized at present is because it can not be considered part of an unbiased representative of N
kilometer square of earth area
since most of the earth area is not asphalt, as population sampling techniques go.
Chip — As far as I can tell from Recent NSIDC Data, the models appear to have overestimated rather than underestimated sea ice decline,
since recent September value exceed 4 million
square kilometers.
Nearly 60,000
square kilometers have been cleared for agriculture in the Cerrado
since 2003, and about a fifth of that land is being used for soy.
According to this reconstruction, the minimum extent during that timeframe (9.8 million
square kilometers in 1940) was higher than it has been at any time
since 1979.
In September 2007 sea ice extent reached its lowest level
since the satellite record began in 1979; the monthly extent, 4.28 × 106
square kilometers, surpassed the previous sea ice minimum record (set in 2005) by 1.28 × 106
square kilometers [Stroeve et al., 2008].
Meier et al. (National Snow and Ice Data Center); 4.74 Million
Square Kilometers; Statistical Prediction by Stroeve et al. shown in the June outlook remains unchanged
since it was based on spring ice age fields and an average summer circulation pattern.
As a whole, the planet has been shedding sea ice at an average annual rate of 13,500
square miles (35,000
square kilometers)
since 1979, the equivalent of losing an area of sea ice larger than the state of Maryland every year.»
In the meantime, deforestation continued unabated, with Indonesia and Brazil alone losing some 300,000
square kilometers of forest — an area the size of Italy or the Philippines —
since talks in 2001 officially excluded avoided deforestation from the Kyoto Protocol.
The March 24, 2016 maximum sea - ice extent was estimated at 5.6 million
square miles (14.52 million
square kilometers), which set a new record for the lowest maximum extent
since satellite monitoring began in 1981.
And the decline has accelerated, becoming far more dramatic,
since about the year 2000, leading to annual average sea ice loss of around three million
square kilometers.
In fact, despite the hundreds of millions of dollars in donor funds that have flowed into the region
since 2000 and the establishment of more than 100 million hectares of protected areas
since 2002, average annual deforestation rates have increased
since the 1990s, peaking at 73,785
square kilometers (28,488
square miles) of forest loss between 2002 and 2004.
Between March 20 and September 16, 2012, the Arctic lost ice covering 11.8 million
square kilometers — an area larger than the United States and Mexico together, and more than in any year
since satellite measurements began in 1979.
The width of the distribution of Outlooks remains narrower for the second month in a row compared to last year: the interquartile spread across all types of contributions is 0.5 million
square kilometers, which is a decrease by about 60 %
since last year.
COUNTRY OVERVIEW President: Eduardo Duhalde (
since January 2002) Independence: July 9, 1816 (from Spain) Population (2002E): 37.8 million Location / Size: Southern South America / 2.8 million
square kilometers (1.1 million
square miles), about four times the size of Texas Major Cities: Buenos Aires (capital), Córdoba, La Plata, Mendoza, Rosario, Santa Fe Languages: Spanish (official), English, Italian, German, French Ethnic Groups: white (mostly Spanish and Italian) 97 %, mestizo, Amerindian, or other nonwhite groups 3 % Religion: nominally Roman Catholic 92 % (less than 20 % practicing), Protestant 2 %, Jewish 2 %, other 4 % Defense (8/98): Army (41,000), Navy (20,000), Air Force (12,000), Reservists (375,000), Paramilitary Forces (31,240)
The September rate of sea ice decline
since 1979 is now approximately 10 percent per decade, or 72,000
square kilometers (28,000
square miles) per year (see Figure 3).
In 1979 they were both identical in average annual extent at 12.5 million
square kilometers but
since then Antarctic has increased a hair and Arctic has decreased a bit over 1 million
square kilometers.
In contrast to the polar regions, the network of lower latitude small glaciers and ice caps, although making up only about four percent of the total land ice area or about 760,000
square kilometers, may have provided as much as 60 percent of the total glacier contribution to sea level change
since 1990s (Meier et al. 2007).
Since the summer DA index for the average of June and July is 3.218, the projected September minimum is 4.93 million
square kilometers.
Since reaching its seasonal minimum on September 10 of 4.14 million
square kilometers (1.60 million
square miles), Arctic sea ice extent has increased at a rapid rate.