But currently, the focus on state
standards and accountability systems is driving local decisions and policies in ways that are unprecedented.
Currently, the focus on state
standards and accountability systems is driving local decisions and policies in ways that are unprecedented.
Superintendents acknowledge that federal and state
standards and accountability systems have created a situation in which district and school personnel can not ignore evidence about students who are struggling or failing to meet mandated standards for academic performance, as reflected in test results and other indicators of student success (e.g., attendance, graduation rates).
There are a range of critical issues, such as: the implementation of the reauthorized ESEA (now called The Every Student Succeeds Act) which includes new flexibility for states in designing state
standards and accountability systems as well as a hard cap on the number of students with the most significant cognitive disabilities taking alternate assessments on alternate standards; regulations on disproportionate identification of minority students to special education; and, the goal to transition more disadvantaged students into college and careers that will have a significant impact on some of the most vulnerable children.
The standards and accountability systems under which every public school in the nation operates in this century differ in many respects from earlier MCT systems.
In that spirit I'll offer a taxonomy that has helped me to think systematically about the ways that
standards and accountability systems differ.
Under present day
standards and accountability systems, states, pushed and prodded by the federal government, have moved from trying to force districts to educate students to a minimum level of basic skills and to do something about schools that are obviously failing, to holding districts, schools and teachers accountable for (in the words of the Common Core State Standards Initiative) «preparing all students for success in college, career, and life.»
They rail against state
standards and accountability systems, but offer few practical alternatives for ensuring that all public schools perform at a high level.
But support for
standards and accountability systems should not be equated with support for high - stakes tests.
Those states that have instituted reasonably tough
standards and accountability systems have experienced real gains in achievement.
This includes how to design an optimal
standards and accountability system.
Q: Has the state
standards and accountability system (known as MCAS) helped or hindered your efforts?
Has the state
standards and accountability system (known as MCAS) helped or hindered your efforts?
Not exact matches
New York's
accountability system has evolved over the years by changes in
standards, scoring
and how tests are administered.
«The bottom line is that SUNY intends to create an insulated
and self - regulated
system, which would contradict
and undermine state
and national efforts to raise
standards and accountability in teacher preparation
and certification.»
While the Common Core
standards emphasize development of reasoning
and critical - thinking skills, the
standards» perpetuation of a test - driven
accountability system and teacher - directed learning environment compromises children's development of these higher - order skills.
In studying state
accountability systems in 1999, the Thomas B. Fordham Foundation labeled 21 states «irresponsible,» possessing both weak
accountability and either weak or no
standards.
In choosing this year's «Better Balance,» for example, the editors signaled that something is awry in the existing balance between the «hard» elements of
standards - based reform (namely the academic
standards, assessments,
and interventions that make up a state's
accountability system)
and such «soft» components as teacher training, instructional materials,
and classroom environment.
After years of stagnation in the late 1980s
and early 1990s, achievement began to rise again in the late «90s — particularly in the earlier grades
and most notably in math — as states set new academic
standards, started testing their students regularly,
and installed their own versions of «consequential
accountability»
systems.
Instead of devoting so much energy to dismissing the
standards movement, small - schools founders
and advocates would do well to engage the discussion
and help refine or redefine state
standards and statewide
accountability systems in the name of equity.
The No Child Left Behind
accountability system designed to accommodate variation in state
standards and assessments was problematic.
Julian said: «Having worked at the centre of government, I know that the architects of England's school
accountability system are motivated by the best of intentions: to expose serious under - performance
and raise
standards.
Standards and Accountability: The foundation of any school accountability system rests on solid academic standards, and assessments aligned with th
Accountability: The foundation of any school
accountability system rests on solid academic standards, and assessments aligned with th
accountability system rests on solid academic
standards,
and assessments aligned with those
standards.
These are the schools that
standards, standardized assessments,
and state
accountability systems are designed to identify
and fix.
For one thing, in getting a waiver from the federal No Child Left Behind Act, Indiana (like other states) promised the Obama administration it would adopt
standards that met federal criteria; align curricula
and teaching; select, pilot,
and administer new tests aligned to the
standards;
and integrate the
standards into both school -
and teacher -
accountability systems.
Rather, it is a way for policymakers to challenge the «givens» of the existing
system by harnessing the powerful dynamics created by choice, competition,
standards,
and accountability.
For some context, when No Child Left Behind required every state to adopt
standards, create assessments aligned to those assessments,
and build an
accountability and reporting
system, it gave states 44 months to do all of those things (from January 2002 to September 2005).
Texas Gov. Rick Perry has signed legislation that will make some significant changes in the state's
accountability system and budgeting requirements for schools, including tougher high school graduation
standards and elimination of a requirement that school districts must spend 65 percent of their operating budgets on classroom instruction.
Chief among these were common
standards and the assessments to go with them,
and increased teacher
accountability through new evaluation
systems that included student test scores.
If states continue to implement the
standards in ways that undermine
systems working to improve education in their state (like teacher evaluation, school
accountability, school choice, etc.) more
and more states will feel the pressure to abandon the
standards.
It doesn't erase the need for rigorous
standards, tough
accountability, vastly improved data
systems, better teacher evaluations (
and training, etc.), stronger school leaders, the right of families to choose schools,
and much else that reformers have been struggling to bring about.
That model, I think, is now well known across the state:
standards - based curriculum, radically better assessments,... a fair but rigorous
accountability system which, as you know, the Regents will soon put into regulations creating the framework of evaluation for principals
and teachers.
Regardless of the reform strategy — whether new
standards, or
accountability, or small schools, or parental choice, or teacher effectiveness — there is an underlying weakness in the U.S. education
system which has hampered every effort up to now: most consequential decisions are made by district
and state leaders, yet these leaders lack the infrastructure to learn quickly what's working
and what's not.
The heart of an
accountability system lies not in the words of
standards documents but in the tests
and other assessments that are used to determine whether the
standards have been met.
All these lawsuits are riding high on the back of the
standards and accountability movement - even though Michael Cohen in «Unruly Crew «shows that states have been slow to implement their
accountability systems.
To date, we can count a multitude of policy wins — better data, stronger
accountability systems,
and a move toward more rigorous academic
standards — along with a universal acceptance that we must aim to close gaps in achievement
and opportunity.
Within the evolving
standards and accountability movement, states (rather than the nation or school districts) have borne the responsibility to develop
standards, tests linked to those
standards,
and a
system of rewards
and punishments for schools depending on their performance.
The courts» role in this process is to outline in general, principled terms the expectation that the legislative
and executive branches will develop challenging
standards, fair
and adequate funding
systems,
and effective programs
and accountability measures, but to leave to the programs
and the political branches the full responsibility for actually formulating these policies.
But the report, based on a survey of states, indicates that states have been slower to embrace assessments, high school graduation requirements,
and, most especially, «comprehensive»
accountability systems to match the
standards.
A new study of Massachusetts teachers from researchers at the Harvard Graduate School of Education showed that even in a state with a highly developed
system of
standards and accountability, new teachers were not provided with the curricula they needed to teach to
standards.
«We are committed to establishing a worldwide educational
system by simultaneously raising the
standards of learning, affording greater autonomy at the local school level,
and creating increased
accountability for student success,» said Lillian Gonzalez, the director of the Department of Defense Education Activity,...
First, misaligned assessments undermine the critical link between what is reported in
accountability systems (test - score
and teacher - evaluation data)
and what districts purport to value (Common Core — aligned instruction, student success with the new
standards).
Almost all now have
standards for what students should know in core subjects, tests to measure student learning,
and at least the beginnings of an
accountability system to hold schools responsible for results.»
ED's press release explains, «The administration's proposal for fixing NCLB calls for college
and career - ready
standards, more great teachers
and principals, robust use of data
and a more flexible
and targeted
accountability system based on measuring annual student growth.
Standards and Accountability: Utah is off to a good start in building a
standards - based
system, but there's room for growth.
Seen through this lens, we can understand why the
standard accountability system looks
and acts the way it does: They are statewide, uniform
accountability systems that apply identically to all schools.
As American education reformers try again, under the Common Core State
Standards, to create a sensible
system of
standards, assessments,
and accountability, what can we learn from our earlier mistakes?
This is evident in the federal law's requirement that each state's
accountability system generate a report card for each school
and district indicating the proportion of students meeting proficiency
standards on state tests of math
and reading.
Meanwhile, two - thirds of CPS schools failed to meet state proficiency
standards under Illinois's
accountability system,
and Chicago remained among the nation's lowest - performing urban districts on the National Assessment of Educational Progress.
The states that made the most progress after allowing for other factors — Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Kentucky,
and Georgia, to name the top five — have taken steps, in various ways, to raise academic
standards and back them up with rigorous assessments, implement tough but thoughtful
accountability systems,
and strengthen human capital practices to attract, develop,
and retain educators who can deliver on high
standards.