Thirty - two focus groups and 20 key informant interviews were
conducted with staff from Head
Start,
home visiting, and child care programs; pediatricians; behavioral health providers; parents of young children; tribal leaders; and other stakeholders in seven diverse American Indian and Alaska Native communities.
One evaluation
conducted in Queensland, Australia, reported moderate reductions in depressive symptoms for mothers in the intervention group at the six - week follow - up.89 A subsequent follow - up, however, suggested that these benefits were not long lasting, as the depression effects had diminished by one year.90 Similarly, Healthy Families San Diego identified reductions in depression symptoms among program mothers during the first two years, but these effects, too, had diminished by year three.91 In Healthy Families New York, mothers at one site (that was supervised by a clinical psychologist) had lower rates of depression at one year (23 percent treatment vs. 38 percent controls).92 The Infant Health and Development program also demonstrated decreases in depressive symptoms after one year of
home visiting, as well as at the conclusion of the program at three years.93 Among Early Head
Start families, maternal depressive symptoms remained stable for the program group during the study and immediately after it ended, but decreased just before their children entered kindergarten.94 No program effects were found for maternal depression in the Nurse - Family Partnership, Hawaii Healthy
Start, Healthy Families Alaska, or Early
Start programs.
Thirty - two focus groups and 20 key informant interviews were
conducted with staff from Head
Start,
home visiting, and child care programs; pediatricians; behavioral health providers; parents of young children; tribal leaders; and other stakeholders in seven diverse American Indian and Alaska Native communities.