Sentences with phrase «stated the average global»

Not exact matches

The report said a price recovery is expected to cause the most pain among companies drilling in the United States, who rely mostly on hydraulic fracturing, which isn't profitable unless the average global price of oil is around $ 60 per barrel.

From 2008 to 2011, favorable opinion toward the United States rose in ten of fifteen countries surveyed by the Pew Global Attîtudes Project, with an average increase of 26 percent.

«The global crisis of 2013 led to a reduction of 40 % in receivables and the unilateral national minimum wages foisted on states increased expenditure by average of 70 %.

Education spending had peaked at an average of $ 11,621 per student in 2008 — 09 before the deep global recession caused states to slash their spending amid plummeting tax revenues.

WHEREAS, in furtherance of the united effort to address the effects of climate change, in 2015 the 21st Session of the Conference of the Parties to the UNFCC met in Paris, France and entered into a historic agreement in which 195 nations, including the United States, were signatories and agreed to determine their own target contribution to mitigate climate change by holding the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2 °C above pre-industrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels, among other terms (the «Paris Agreement»);

A federal report released in November 2016 laid out a strategy for the United States to «deeply decarbonize» its economy by 2050, and said that developing carbon dioxide removal techniques «may be necessary in the long run to constrain global average temperature increases to well below 2 °C.»

A recent report by two leading nonprofits, the Rocky Mountain Climate Organization and the Natural Resources Defense Council, details how the 11 U.S. western states together have experienced an increase in average temperature during the last five years some 70 percent greater than the global average rise.

The risk assessment stems from the objective stated in the 2015 Paris Agreement regarding climate change that society keep average global temperatures «well below» a 2 °C (3.6 °F) increase from what they were before the Industrial Revolution.

Results of a new study by researchers at the Northeast Climate Science Center (NECSC) at the University of Massachusetts Amherst suggest that temperatures across the northeastern United States will increase much faster than the global average, so that the 2 - degrees Celsius warming target adopted in the recent Paris Agreement on climate change will be reached about 20 years earlier for this part of the U.S. compared to the world as a whole.

As a result, the region is already experiencing levels of acidity three-fold greater than the global ocean average, with devastating impacts on the state's US$ 270 - million shellfish industry.

But that single - year growth paled in comparison with the 4.4 percent average annual increase in global coal consumption recorded in the last decade as the United States cut its coal consumption by nearly 12 percent, according to the report.

Warmer than average temperatures were evident over most of the global land surfaces, except for parts of the United States and western Europe, northern Siberia, parts of eastern Asia and much of central Australia stretching north.

However, it seems that one common trait among some climate models is the indication that a global warming may result in a more a general El Niño - type average state (eg.

The State of the Climate November 2015 report noted that in order for 2015 to not become the warmest year in the 136 - year period of record, the December global temperature would have to be at least 0.81 °C (1.46 °F) below the 20th century average — or 0.24 °C (0.43 °F) colder than the current record low December temperature of 1916.

* Surface temperature changes relative to 20th Century global average (1901 - 2000) Source data NOAA - NCEI State of the Climate: Global Analysis [Web + data dowglobal average (1901 - 2000) Source data NOAA - NCEI State of the Climate: Global Analysis [Web + data dowGlobal Analysis [Web + data download]

In accordance with California's Global Warming Solutions Act's (AB32) guidance, the ROW recommends that California allow states or countries that reduce their total emissions from deforestation below an historical average to generate compliance credit in California.

The Schneider et al. ensemble constrained by their selection of LGM data gives a global - mean cooling range during the LGM of 5.8 + / - 1.4 ºC (Schnieder Von Deimling et al, 2006), while the best fit from the UVic model used in the new paper has 3.5 ºC cooling, well outside this range (weighted average calculated from the online data, a slightly different number is stated in Nathan Urban's interview — not sure why).

«For reusable cloth nappies the study states «The baseline scenario based on average washer and drier use produced a global warming impact of approximately 570 kg of carbon dioxide equivalents.»

Also steadily increasing is the average dietary glycemic index (GI) 9 in the United States (5), with the global consumption of refined foods also increasing as more regions of the world adopt westernized dietary patterns.

In 17 states, not a single district has average achievement in the upper third relative to the global comparison group.

In 17 states, there is not a single traditional district with average achievement in the upper third relative to our global comparison group.

The global average corporate tax rate is about 25 %, so this move is designed to make the U.S. more globally competitive, which should in turn help keep more corporate profits (and jobs) in the United States.

As we stated earlier, global macro has become a well - established discipline for good reason, offering the average investor an opportunity — once enjoyed by only the most sophisticated hedge funds — to benefit from these alternative sources of return.

Table 1 reports the average performance of momentum equity portfolios constructed for different definitions of momentum1 and in different geographical markets: the United States, Europe, Japan, Asia Pacific ex Japan, and Global.

But because of the necessary caveats that must be applied due to the state of the science I am starting to feel unable to say much about climate change apart from: «The increase in CO2 will very probably cause an overall increase in Global Average Temperature.

The draft states: «We recognise the scientific view that the increase in global average temperature above pre-industrial levels ought not to exceed two degrees centigrade.»

(57k) When I state that the equilibrium climatic response must balance imposed RF (and feedbacks that occur), I am referring to a global time average RF and global time average response (in terms of radiative and convective fluxes), on a time scale sufficient to characterize the climatic state (including cycles driven by externally - forced cycles (diurnal, annual) and internal variability.

In the approximation of zero non-radiative vertical heat fluxes above the tropopause, net upward LW flux = net downward SW flux (equal to all solar heating below) at each vertical level (in the global time average for an equilibrium climate state) at and above the tropopause (for global averaging, the «vertical levels» can just be closed surfaces around the globe that everywhere lie above or at the tropopause; the flux would then be through those surfaces, which wouldn't be precisely horizontal but generally approximately horizontal).

Starting from an old equilbrium, a change in radiative forcing results in a radiative imbalance, which results in energy accumulation or depletion, which causes a temperature response that approahes equilibrium when the remaining imbalance approaches zero — thus the equilibrium climatic response, in the global - time average (for a time period long enough to characterize the climatic state, including externally imposed cycles (day, year) and internal variability), causes an opposite change in radiative fluxes (via Planck function)(plus convective fluxes, etc, where they occur) equal in magnitude to the sum of the (externally) imposed forcing plus any «forcings» caused by non-Planck feedbacks (in particular, climate - dependent changes in optical properties, + etc.).)

He state's it lowers the global average temperature increase by 0.1 to 0.2 degrees C. Would that be the total reduction from 2000 to 2100, or would that be per Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation event?

In a paper circulated with the anti-Kyoto «Oregon Petition,» Robinson et al. («Environmental Effects of Increased Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide,» 1998) reproduced K4B but (1) omitted Station S data, (2) incorrectly stated that the time series ended in 1975, (3) conflated Sargasso Sea data with global temperature, and (4) falsely claimed that Keigwin showed global temperatures «are still a little below the average for the past 3,000 years.»

I think the media blitz in the past two years about global warming has seeped into the average (not especially green or otherwise politicized) consciousness of my neighbors and students, and that most people would list it among their top 5 concerns, especially in this state, where many people do play outside.

Brown will headline the Under2 Clean Energy Forum on Wednesday in Beijing, a gathering of 170 cities, states and nations working to keep the global average temperature increase under two degrees Celsius.

In 2013, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fifth Assessment Report stated a clear expert consensus that: «It is extremely likely [defined as 95 - 100 % certainty] that more than half of the observed increase in global average surface temperature from 1951 to 2010 was caused by the anthropogenic [human - caused] increase in greenhouse gas concentrations and other anthropogenic forcings together.»

You guys have presented your case well and I think it is time to simply state we know the global temp average is in error and shouldn't be taken seriously by anyone, especially scientists and politicians......... oh, wait, that was redundant.

So far, the efforts seem to be winning the confidence of buyers: prices for offsets generated under such programs averaged $ 11 per ton of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e), compared to a global average of $ 6 per ton, according to Ecosystem Marketplace's 2011 State of the Voluntary Carbon Markets report.

Though non-binding, some 100 heads of state gathered at the 2009 Copenhagen summit agreed to limit the rise in global temperatures to a maximum of 1.5 - 2C above the long - term average prior to the industrial revolution.

(3) Any ten - year period or more with no increasing trend in global average temperature is reason for worry about state of understandings

Add on the normal summer increase (globally) of 27C / 50F and we will have global average summer temps of @ 49C / 122F not just over small isolated areas, but over huge areas / countries / states / counties.

«We have to control methane immediately, and natural gas is the largest methane pollution source in the United States,» said Robert Howarth, the David R. Atkinson Professor of Ecology and Environmental Biology, who explains in an upcoming journal article that Earth may reach the point of no return if average global temperatures rise by 1.5 to 2 degrees Celsius in future decades.

Over the past decade this has averaged $ 3.11 M a year, split 61/39 between the US Department of State, who funded «administrative and other expenses» of $ 1.9 M / yr out of their $ 16.4 B (FY2010) budget (from which the $ 1.6 M contribution to the IPCC Trust Fund presumably came), and the US Global Change Research Program, who provided $ 1.21 M / yr out of their $ 1.16 B (FY2009) budget for «a technical support unit that helps develop IPCC reports» (Chris Field's TSU for WG II at Stanford perhaps?).

The target, which represents the reduction that industrialized countries such as the United States will have to achieve to keep global average warming from reaching catastrophic levels, has been criticized as being unachievable without ruining the nation's economy.

It shows up well in their Figure 1a about which they state ``... you can see how well the POGA H global average surface temperature matches the observations...» It matches well the phony eighties and nineties and would be off the mark if the real temperatures were substituted.

How about we make the alarmists commit to stating an «ideal» global average temperature since they seem to know what is bad for us?

C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group, 12 California, 7, 68, 102, 128, 169 - 170, 187, 196, 232 - 234, 245 California Energy Commission, 232 Cambridge Media Environment Programme (CMEP), 167 - 168 Cambridge University, 102 Cameron, David, 11, 24, 218 Cameroon, 25 Campbell, Philip, 165 Canada, 22, 32, 64, 111, 115, 130, 134, 137, 156 - 157, 166, 169, 177, 211, 222, 224 - 226, 230, 236, 243 Canadian Meteorological and Oceanographic Society (CMOS), 15 Cap - and - trade, 20, 28, 40 - 41, 44, 170, 175 allowances (permits), 41 - 42, 176, 243 Capitalism, 34 - 35, 45 Capps, Lois, 135 Car (see vehicle) Carbon, 98, 130 Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS), 192 Carbon Capture and Storage Association, 164 Carbon credits (offsets), 28 - 29, 42 - 43, 45 Carbon Cycle, 80 - 82 Carbon dioxide (CO2), 9, 18, 23, 49 - 51, 53, 55, 66 - 67, 72 - 89, 91, 98 - 99, 110, 112, 115, 118, 128 - 132, 137, 139, 141 - 144, 152, 240 emissions, 12, 18 - 25, 28 - 30, 32 - 33, 36 - 38, 41 - 44, 47, 49, 53, 55, 71 - 72, 74, 77 - 78, 81 - 82, 108 - 109, 115, 132, 139, 169, 186, 199 - 201, 203 - 204, 209 - 211, 214, 217, 219, 224, 230 - 231, 238, 241, 243 - 244 Carbon Dioxide Analysis Center, 19 Carbon Expo, 42 Carbon, footprint, 3, 13, 29, 35, 41, 45, 110, 132 tax, 20, 44, 170 trading, 13, 20, 40, 43, 44, 176, 182 Carbon monoxide (CO), 120 Carbon Reduction Commitment (CRC), 44 Carlin, George, 17 Carter, Bob, 63 Carter, Jimmy, 186, 188 Cato Institute, 179 CBS, 141, 146 Center for Disease Control, 174 Center for the Study of Carbon Dioxide and Global Change, 62, 139 Centre for Policy Studies, 219 CERN (European Organization for Nuclear Research), 96 Chavez, Hugo, 34 Chicago Tribune, 146 China, 29, 32 - 33, 60 - 62, 120, 169, 176, 187 - 188, 211, 216, 225 - 226, 242 - 243 China's National Population and Planning Commission, 33 Chinese Academy of Sciences, 60 Chirac, Jacques, 36 Chlorofluorocarbons, 42 - 43, 50 Choi, Yong - Sang, 88 Christy, John, 105 Churchill, Winston, 214, 220 Chu, Steven, 187 Citibank (Citigroup), 40, 176 Clean Air Act, 85, 128 - 129 Clean Development Mechanism, 42 Climate Action Partnership, 14 Climate alarm, 4, 13, 21, 32, 35, 38, 56, 102 - 103, 115 - 117, 120, 137, 156, 168, 173, 182 Climate Audit, 66 Climate change, adaptation, 39, 110, 112 mitigation, 16, 39, 110 Climate Change and the Failure of Democracy, 34 Climate Change: Picturing the Science, 121 Climate Change Reconsidered, 242 Climate conference, 38 Cancun, 18, 29, 36 - 37, 124 - 125, 242 Copenhagen, 33, 36, 109, 125, 156, 158, 175, 241 - 242 Durban, 13, 36 - 37, 166, 242 - 243 Climategate, 2, 67, 152, 158 - 170, 180, 182, 242 Climate Protection Agreement, 12 Climate Research Unit (CRU), 48, 67, 120, 147, 152 - 153, 158 - 160, 162 - 163, 165 - 167, 169 Climate Science Register, 142 Climatism, definition, 2, 7 Clinton, Bill, 176, 178 Clinton Global Initiative, 176 CLOUD project, 96 Club of Rome, 21, 186 CO2Science, 59, 61 - 62, 66, 131 Coal, 19 - 20, 39 - 41, 80, 126, 128 - 129, 175, 185 - 186, 188 - 190, 192 - 196, 199 - 201, 209, 214, 217, 219, 222, 229 Coase, Ronald, 145 Coca - Cola, 138 Cogley, Graham, 156 Cohen, David, 220 Colorado State University, 117, 181 Columbia University, 7 Columbus, Christopher, 58 Computer models, 16, 51 - 53, 56, 67, 72, 74,77 - 79, 82, 87, 89 - 91, 94, 105, 110 - 111, 120, 124, 138 - 140, 168, 171,173, 181, 238, 240, 246 Conference on the Changing Atmosphere, 15 Consensus, scientific, 12 Copenhagen Business School, 134 Coral, 53 Corporate Average Fuel Economy, 22 - 23 Cosmic Rays, 72, 93 - 99, 180 Credit Suisse, 176 Crow, Cheryl, 30 Crowley, Tom, 167 Cuadrilla Resources, 224 - 225 Curry, Judith, 164, 167 Cycles, natural, 3, 16, 57, 62 - 63, 66 - 69, 72, 80, 99, 103, 138, 238, 240 Milankovich, 62, 67, 80 Cyprus, 134 Czech Republic, 12, 37

When scientists in the 1960s - 70s compiled data to build their global average temperature series they used state averages of monthly mean temperatures from weather stations around the world.

The study states that on average, global oceans rose 7 centimeters since 1993.

On the previous sea surface temperature thread, I stated «Do you for one minute believe that the uncertainty in global average sea surface temperature in the 19th century is 0.3 C?

-- In the event that the Administrator or the National Academy of Sciences has concluded, in the most recent report submitted under section 705 or 706 respectively, that the United States will not achieve the necessary domestic greenhouse gas emissions reductions, or that global actions will not maintain safe global average surface temperature and atmospheric greenhouse gas concentration thresholds, the President shall, not later than July 1, 2015, and every 4 years thereafter, submit to Congress a plan identifying domestic and international actions that will achieve necessary additional greenhouse gas reductions, including any recommendations for legislative action.

Guest essay by Jim Steele, Director emeritus Sierra Nevada Field Campus, San Francisco State University For researchers like myself examining the effect of local microclimates on the ecology of local wildlife, the change in the global average is an absolutely useless measure.