Limitations include small sample size, small number of data points, and that data on
the statistical significance of the results was not presented.
Limitations include the small sample size and that data on
the statistical significance of the results was not presented.
Analyzed the sensitivity of a proposed price increase across ~ 400 stores, using Microsoft Excel to calculate elasticity of demand and find optimal price, and Minitab to verify
statistical significance of results
On qualitative level it's pretty convincing but there are a couple of points that make it difficult to tell
the statistical significance of the results.
The effect is of a magnitude that remains close to the limit of detectability, or many measurements are necessary because of the very low
statistical significance of the results.
«
The statistical significance of these results is far too strong to be merely dismissed, and should wipe out much of the uncertainty about the reality of global warming,» said lead author Tim Barnett of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography.
With many different indices and an overall period not very long in comparison with the variability being studied it's quite possible that filtering leads to very low
statistical significance of the results.
The 2 - tailed Student's t - test was used to assess
the statistical significance of our results.
We conducted a systematic review of studies examining the association of industry sponsorship with
the statistical significance of results, effect sizes, and conclusions of nutrition research.
Due to the lack of homogeneous data on
statistical significance of results or effect size, we could not quantitatively synthesize data (ie, conduct a meta - analysis) on these outcomes.
Objective To determine whether food industry sponsorship is associated with effect sizes,
statistical significance of results, and conclusions of nutrition studies with findings that are favorable to the sponsor and, secondarily, to determine whether nutrition studies differ in their methodological quality depending on whether they are industry sponsored.
Only 1 report assessed the association of industry sponsorship with effect size estimates, and 2 measured the association with
statistical significance of the results.
The link you provided is a rebuttal of that argument, i.e., the Bartlett formula for effective degrees of freedom fails in that case, and
the statistical significance of their result is much higher than that formula would imply.
Wonderful, R2 soars to 0.32, and with the coefficient at MINUS 6.96 and t = MINUS 4.76 and p = 2.23E - 05 we have superb
statistical significance of the result that Net Forcing has a powerful effect on temperature change, it's just too bad that it is actually NEGATIVE.
Not exact matches
What the two groups have found is the beginnings
of a detection «bump»: ATLAS team quotes a tentative
result at 125 - 126GeV with a
statistical significance of 3.6 σ (3.6 standard deviations); the CMS team finds one at 124GeV at a lower confidence level
of 2.6 σ.
At first, the studies originally done claimed some kind
of statistical significance, however when the studies were re-done under more tighter controlled conditions, there was no apparent
results that would indicate prayer to be any more effective than anything else.
When comparing
results from between - to within - family estimates, coefficients for 10
of the 11 outcomes are substantially attenuated toward zero and none reach
statistical significance (p < 0.05).
However, these modest differences did not achieve
statistical significance and could be, at least partly, the
result of confounding; adjustment for potential confounding factors was not systematically possible with the available data.
You'll want to wait for what's called «
statistical significance,» a fancy term that means that there's a 95 % chance that the
results are representative
of what would happen if you let the test go on forever.
Fortunately, for us and the rest
of the busy world, an online calculator called AB / BA will calculate the
statistical significance of your test
results.
The ATLAS signal has a
statistical significance of 2.3 sigma at 126 GeV, meaning that the
result has around a 2 per cent chance
of being down to a random fluctuation; the comparable excess at CMS has a
significance of just 1.9 sigma.
Rigorously combining the two current data sets would effectively double the statistics; Tonelli suspects it would firm up the
statistical significance to between 3.7 and 3.9 sigma, or a 1 in 10,000 chance
of the
result being a fluke.
The
results had high
statistical significance, and Baeten said both drugs worked «comparably» in uninfected men and women, although he would not specify the number
of infections by gender in different arms
of the study.
A p - value, or
statistical significance, does not measure the size
of an effect or the importance
of a
result.
The journal Basic and Applied Social Psychology recently banned the use
of p - values and other
statistical methods to quantify uncertainty from
significance in research
results
Ventricular arrhythmias occurred in 3.6 percent
of patients who received beta blockers and in 6.9 percent
of those who received a placebo, a difference that met the threshold for
statistical significance but did not
result in a clinically significant difference, Roolvink said.
It is usually a
result that has a
statistical significance that is rather low so that you might have a 20 percent difference (UNCLEAR (4.17) or a relative risk
of 1.2 or something like that; and so it is easy when you have risks that are so small or the differences are so small to have one study show one kind
of result and another study show a different kind
of result.
The media's varied interpretations
of the Thai AIDS vaccine study's
results reflect the widespread confusion over the meaning
of statistical significance.
For years, scientists have used standard
statistical techniques to measure the
significance of their
results or the degree
of correlation between two variables.
The excess had a
statistical significance of 2.6 sigma, meaning there is about a 0.5 percent probability that the
result is due to chance.
Semi-quantitative real - time PCR
results of smad1 displayed that its expression was elevated during the day to 3.00 ± 0.48 (T11 in Fig. 5C) when seawater had added calcium, compared to relative expression
of 1.56 ± 0.2 in control corals (C11 in Fig. 5C;
statistical significance p < 0.05, one - way ANOVA, n = 3).
It suggests the biomedical community has been chasing
statistical significance, potentially giving dubious
results the appearance
of validity through techniques like p - hacking — or simply suppressing important
results that don't look significant enough.
The
results suggest that women without FMc were more likely to have advanced disease features than women with FMc although none
of these associations achieved
statistical significance.
The patterns for boys in other subjects are quite consistent with those observed in history, though I should again be cautious in drawing strong conclusions because many
of the
results fall short
of conventional levels
of statistical significance.
In fact, there have been seven scientifically valid random - assignment analyses
of voucher programs, and all seven found either that all voucher students perform significantly better than their nonvoucher contemporaries, or at least that most
of them do (in some studies the
results for black students, the majority
of participants, are positive, while the
results for other students fail to achieve
statistical significance).
The abstract should be structured in accordance with the format: Introduction, which will include the objective or purpose
of the research; Methodology, will include basic procedures (design, sample selection or cases, methods and techniques
of experimentation or observation and analysis);
Results, main findings (give specific datas and their
statistical significance, when applicable) and Conclusions.
The purpose
of tests
of statistical significance is to determine whether
results reflect genuine changes in performance or simply random fluctuation.
And when she describes the
results from the federally funded Washington, D.C., experiment, she focuses only on the fourth - year achievement
results, which showed a positive effect but fell short
of the conventional standard for
statistical significance by having a p =.06 instead
of.05.
They also suggest that reading scores were nearly 2 percentile points higher among these students, though the
results for reading fall just short
of conventional levels
of statistical significance (see Figure 1).
Mike also abandons any consideration
of statistical significance and consolidates all positive findings together and all negative findings together, regardless
of how random or reliable those individual
results appear to be.
For that reason, we also discuss large impacts that fall short
of statistical significance when the pattern
of results is consistent over the six year time period.
As a
result, the annual impacts
of the intervention must be as much as 20 to 30 percent
of a standard deviation in order to be detected at conventional levels
of statistical significance.
They cherry - picked (if you'll pardon the expression) their method to ensure that the positive
results for vouchers wouldn't achieve
statistical significance, as was established pretty convincingly not only by Howell and Peterson's devastating response in Ed Next but also by Caroline Hoxby's observations in an NBER paper on their manipulation
of the definition
of race — Krueger and Zhu use a definition
of race that is not currently used by the Census, NCES, or anyone else I know
of, and that doesn't accurately reflect the way children really identify themselves by race — and they applied it selectively to only some
of the students in the data set, not all
of them.
Overview
of the Assessment Reporting the Assessment
Results — Scale Scores and Achievement Levels Description
of Reading Performance by Item Maps for Each Grade
Results Are Estimates NAEP Reporting Groups Exclusion Rates
Statistical Significance Cautions in Interpretations
What was the
statistical significance of the comparative differences that are cited in the survey
results?
Almost all
of the factors and smart beta strategies exhibit a negative relationship between starting valuation and subsequent performance whether we use the aggregate measure or P / B to define relative valuation.9 Out
of 192 tests shown here, not a single test has the «wrong» sign: in every case, the cheaper the factor or strategy gets, relative to its historical average, the more likely it is to deliver positive performance.10 For most factors and strategies (two - thirds
of the 192 tests) the relationship holds with
statistical significance for horizons ranging from one month to five years and using both valuation measures (44 %
of these
results are significant at the 1 % level).
Low beta is the primary exception in our
results, showing only one instance
of statistical significance — at the 10 % level for the two - year horizon (matching the half - life), using the blended valuation measure — over the entire combination
of horizons and two valuation measures.
Most strategies produce
results which pass tests
of statistical significance at 95 % confidence.
It would be an interesting exercise to select a sufficient number for
statistical significance of random papers in other fields
of science, and try to recreate their
results based on publicly available data, and compare that against the allegations against climate scientists.
it is important to recognize that an inherent difficulty
of testing null hypotheses is that one can not confirm (statistically) the hypothesis
of no effect.While robustness checks (reported in the appendix), as well as p values that never approach standard levels
of statistical significance, provide some confidence that the
results do not depend on model specification or overly strict requirements for
statistical significance, one can not entirely dismiss the possibility
of a Type II error.