Sentences with phrase «stem cell precursors»

In theory it is possible to transform either somatic cells (most cells of the body) or cells of the germline (such as sperm cells, ova, and their stem cell precursors).

One company, Melbourne, Australia — based Mesoblast, is already in late - stage clinical trials, treating hundreds of chronic heart failure patients with stem cell precursors drawn from healthy donors» hip bones.

Not exact matches

The reset cells, known as induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells), gave rise to healthy precursors of bone marrow stem cells (Nature, DOI: 10.1038 / nature08129).

But researchers reporting online April 14 in Nature Cell Biology claim they have found precursor stem cells in newborn and adult mice that could be prodded into producing new eggs.

These egg - generating cells are germline stem cells — precursors that become either eggs or sperm depending on whether they end up in ovaries or testes.

In a related paper published online today in Nature Biotechnology, Konrad Hochedlinger of the Harvard Stem Cell Institute in Cambridge and his colleagues compared the gene expression patterns in mouse iPS cells derived from white blood cells, muscle precursor cells, immune system cells called B cells, and fibroblasts taken from tail tips.

Studies of embryonic stem cells revealed that NANOG protein levels can be lowered by a chemical process known as methylation, which involves putting a methyl group chemical tag on a protein's messenger RNA (mRNA) precursor.

And in the third paper, published online today in Science, developmental biologists and stem cell researchers Hugo Snippert, Arnout Schepers, Hans Clevers, and their colleagues at the Hubrecht Institute in Utrecht, the Netherlands, used mice with multicolored intestines to look at the kinds of cells that form intestinal adenomas, a precursor to intestinal cancer.

He and his colleagues report online in Nature that in mouse papilloma tumors, a precursor to skin cancer, most of the tumor growth came from a few cells, which in some ways resembled the stem cells that maintain healthy skin.

When human stem cells develop into beta cells in a dish, they only reach a precursor stage, unable to fully mature; this prevents them from effectively producing insulin in response to glucose.

The team showed in mouse models that these two types of cells originate from a common precursor stem cell in the embryo.

Researchers have been trying to understand how this precursor stem cell decides its fate.

In response to muscle damage, these stem cells divide to generate precursor cells that become the fibres that make up our muscles.

One example is the generation of different types of blood cells from their precursors, the hematopoietic stem cells.

In the current study, Dr. Rudnicki and his team discovered that muscle stem cells also express the dystrophin protein, and without this protein, they produce ten-fold fewer muscle precursor cells, which in - turn generate fewer functional muscle fibres.

Scientists have already reported progress in growing precursor cells for eggs and sperm from both iPS and embryonic stem cell lines.

One theory has been that calorie restriction slows age - related degeneration and enables more efficient tissue function by influencing the integrity and activity of adult stem cells, the precursor cells that dwell within specific tissues and give rise to the diversity of cell types that compose that tissue.

«Since there was data showing that the possible stem cells can be CD19 - positive, our hypothesis was that we may be able to devise a therapy targeted at early precursors of those cells.»

Beltz points out that the precursor neurons in crayfish are similar to human stem cells with the exception that the human versions self - regenerate.

Lorenz Studer, a stem - cell biologist at the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York City who has spent years characterizing such neurons ahead of his own planned clinical trials, says that «support is not very strong» for the use of precursor cells.

One concerning discovery was that the stem cells that Zika was found to infect, called cortical neural precursors, become factories for viral replication.

Jeanne Loring, a stem - cell biologist at the Scripps Research Institute in La Jolla, California, who is also planning stem - cell trials for Parkinson's, is concerned that the Australian and Chinese trials use neural precursors and not ES - cell - derived cells that have fully committed to becoming dopamine - producing cells.

Researchers at University of California San Diego School of Medicine have now unraveled how pre-leukemic white blood cell precursors become leukemia stem cells.

Ultimately, this activity increases cellular regeneration, or self - renewal, turning white blood cell precursors into leukemia stem cells.

UVA scientists were surprised to discover that the heart's inner lining forms from the same stem cells, known as «precursor cells,» that turn into blood.

Previous research in rodent disease models has shown that transplanted oligodendrocyte precursor cells derived from embryonic stem cells and from human fetal brain tissue can successfully create myelin sheaths around nerve cells, sometimes leading to dramatic improvements in symptoms.

«Basically it is a mutation that makes potential stem cells, or precursor cells, susceptible to apoptotic cell death pathways.

«It's necessary now to look for the precursors of these progenitors,» Heimberg says, which may be more like true stem cells.

Parkinson's patients in the 1980s were guinea pigs, getting fetal tissue transplants — a precursor of stem - cell therapy — in their brains.

They used pharmaceutical drugs to catch and maintain heart stem cells at the cardiac precursor state before they developed into fully - functional heart cells.

A detailed comparison of gene expression signatures between ETP ALL tumors and and normal human hematopoietic progenitor cells revealed a somewhat surprising finding: ETP - ALL expression patterns were less consistent with early T - cell precursors, as might have been expected, but more similar to the expression profile of normal hematopoietic stem cells and granulocyte macrophage precursors.

For example, there is no equivalent of indefinitely self - renewing embryonic stem cells in the human embryo — these are instead transient cells that very quickly specialise to become the precursors of tissues in the embryo.

Functional and phenotypic differences of pure populations of stem cell - derived astrocytes and neuronal precursor cells.

In fact, HARE5 was regulating how many neural stem cells — the precursors of brain cells — a mouse embryo could produce.

In rodents and humans, the developing cortex contains a layer of neural stem cells called radial glial cells that resides near the fluid - filled ventricles and produces cells that are precursors to neurons.

To achieve this goal, ViaCyte has differentiated pancreatic precursor cells from a human stem cell line.

«You take stem cells and programme them to become «neural precursor cells».

All immune cells come from «precursor» cells or stem cells, located in the bone marrow.

The portfolio includes U.S. and foreign patents and applications directed to culture, expansion and scale - up of pluripotent stem cells and cell types derived therefrom, various differentiation processes for production of mesendoderm, definitive endoderm, PEC - 01, and endocrine precursors, as well as claims directed to the Company's Encaptra ® macro-encapsulation device platform.

Scientists have shown how the precursors of egg and sperm cells — the cells that are key to the preservation of a species — arise in the early embryo by studying pig embryos alongside human stem cells.

Izpisua Belmonte and colleagues published work in the journal Nature last year reporting that they had been able to integrate human stem cells into early - stage mouse embryos so that the human stem cells began the first stages of differentiation — they appeared to begin the process of generating precursors of the body's various tissues and organs.

JOE PALCA: Well, John, what they did was they - instead of starting with embryos and using those to derive embryonic stem cells, they started with skin cells, or actually precursors to skin cells called fibroblast, that we all have in our skin.

The major gains in behavioral recovery and neuronal survival achieved by pre-differentiation of glial precursors to specific, beneficial astrocytic cell types prior to transplantation stresses the need to consider such manipulations as a critical component in the optimization of stem / precursor cell transplantation based therapies.

Abbreviations: Aβ, amyloid β - peptide; AD, Alzheimer's disease; ALS, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; Ambra1, activating molecule in Beclin -1-regulated autophagy; AMPK, AMP - activated protein kinase; APP, amyloid precursor protein; AR, androgen receptor; Atg, autophagy - related; AV, autophagic vacuole; Bcl, B - cell lymphoma; BH3, Bcl - 2 homology 3; CaMKKβ, Ca2 + - dependent protein kinase kinase β; CHMP2B, charged multivesicular body protein 2B; CMA, chaperone - mediated autophagy; 2 ′ 5 ′ ddA, 2 ′, 5 ′ - dideoxyadenosine; deptor, DEP - domain containing mTOR - interacting protein; DRPLA, dentatorubral pallidoluysian atrophy; 4E - BP1, translation initiation factor 4E - binding protein - 1; Epac, exchange protein directly activated by cAMP; ER, endoplasmic reticulum; ERK1 / 2, extracellular - signal - regulated kinase 1/2; ESCRT, endosomal sorting complex required for transport; FAD, familial AD; FDA, U.S. Food and Drug Administration; FIP200, focal adhesion kinase family - interacting protein of 200 kDa; FoxO3, forkhead box O3; FTD, frontotemporal dementia; FTD3, FTD linked to chromosome 3; GAP, GTPase - activating protein; GR, guanidine retinoid; GSK3, glycogen synthase kinase 3; HD, Huntington's disease; hiPSC, human induced pluripotent stem cell; hVps, mammalian vacuolar protein sorting homologue; IKK, inhibitor of nuclear factor κB kinase; IMPase, inositol monophosphatase; IP3R, Ins (1,4,5) P3 receptor; I1R, imidazoline - 1 receptor; JNK1, c - Jun N - terminal kinase 1; LC3, light chain 3; LD, Lafora disease; L - NAME, NG - nitro - L - arginine methyl ester; LRRK2, leucine - rich repeat kinase 2; MIPS, myo - inositol -1-phosphate synthase; mLST8, mammalian lethal with SEC13 protein 8; MND, motor neuron disease; mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin; mTORC, mTOR complex; MVB, multivesicular body; NAC, N - acetylcysteine; NBR1, neighbour of BRCA1 gene 1; NOS, nitric oxide synthase; p70S6K, ribosomal protein S6 kinase - 1; PD, Parkinson's disease; PDK1, phosphoinositide - dependent kinase 1; PE, phosphatidylethanolamine; PI3K, phosphoinositide 3 - kinase; PI3KC1a, class Ia PI3K; PI3KC3, class III PI3K; PI3KK, PI3K - related protein kinase; PINK1, PTEN - induced kinase 1; PKA, protein kinase A; PLC, phospholipase C; polyQ, polyglutamine; PS, presenilin; PTEN, phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted from chromosome 10; Rag, Ras - related GTP - binding protein; raptor, regulatory - associated protein of mTOR; Rheb, Ras homologue enriched in brain; rictor, rapamycin - insensitive companion of mTOR; SBMA, spinobulbar muscular atrophy; SCA, spinocerebellar ataxia; SLC, solute carrier; SMER, small - molecule enhancer of rapamycin; SMIR, small - molecule inhibitor of rapamycin; SNARE, N - ethylmaleimide - sensitive factor - attachment protein receptor; SOD1, copper / zinc superoxide dismutase 1; TFEB, transcription factor EB; TOR, target of rapamycin; TSC, tuberous sclerosis complex; ULK1, UNC -51-like kinase 1; UVRAG, UV irradiation resistance - associated gene; VAMP, vesicle - associated membrane protein; v - ATPase, vacuolar H + - ATPase; Vps, vacuolar protein sorting

He is a pioneer of the field called «adult stem cell biology» and has isolated of various blood cell precursors in mice.

Second, the aging thymus gland, where precursor stem cells are transformed into effective T - cells, slowly shrinks with age, losing the cells that are responsible for educating emerging immunological warriors.

The work, published in Cell Stem Cell on September 14, 2017, offers insight into why an imbalance between these precursor cells and neurons might contribute to mental illness or age - related brain disease.

We show that expression of oncogenic β - catenin in Hesx1 + embryonic precursors also results in stem cell clusters and paracrine tumours.

usage of model organisms to understand and exploit the mechanisms controlling stem and precursor cell generation, maintenance, activation, recruitment, proliferation, homing and differentiation,

This experimental treatment for type 1 diabetes combines the Encaptra ™ drug delivery system, which is a semi-permeable pouch, and PEC - 01 ™ cells, pancreatic precursor cells derived from human embryonic stem cells.