We will mine and exploit information from studies and screens in model organisms, but our primary focus is on the paradigmatic mammalian
stem cell systems - haematopoiesis and epithelia in vivo, and embryonic and neural stem cells in vitro.
«People see it as worthwhile to have the peace of mind of knowing something is very similar batch to batch and has been thoroughly quality controlled,» says Joydeep Goswami, Invitrogen's vice president and general manager of primary and
stem cell systems.
«Not only is regenerative medicine a fast - growing market,» notes Joydeep Goswami, vice president of primary and
stem cell systems at Invitrogen in Carlsbad, California, «but the possibilities are really endless in terms of what scientists can achieve and what they can do with their work.
Eager to sort through the pile of curriculum vitae's on his desk, Rudnicki is particularly looking for molecular geneticists working on different
stem cell systems; scientists with genomics bents like proteomics, microarray analysis, and bioinformatics; and a couple of clinician scientists.
Not exact matches
Panoskaltsis - Mortari's team has been working on rebuilding lungs and other parts of the respiratory
system using human
stem cells.
One day, Reynolds says, a version of InVivo's implant, packed with
stem cells or hormones, might help the six million Americans who are chronically paralyzed from SCI and other central nervous
system disorders improve their level of functioning.
That's why there is so much prejudice aimed at gays, pro-choicers,
stem cell researchers, family planning or followers of other belief
systems.
Adding to this, they are anti-embryonic
stem cell research, because they believe a zygote (pre-cerebreal cortex, nervous
system and brain) is a human being.
Like attempting to insert religion into the school
system, stymie medical research aka
stem cells, restrict a woman's reproductive rights... etc..
Injections of killed
stem cells, designed to help the immune
system recognise cancers, have been found to protect mice from developing tumours
Some scientists had claimed that the lymphatic
system was derived from specialized
stem cells called angioblasts, whereas others had argued that it originated by the differentiation of pre-existing embryonic veins.
Cancer
cells which arise due to genetic mutations are just such
cells, and there are studies which suggest that microchimeric
cells may stimulate the immune
system to
stem the growth of tumors.
When blank slate
stem cells are exposed to a soft as opposed to a hard surface on which to grow, they begin to transform themselves into neurons, the large, complex
cells of the central nervous
system.
We believe that they will also lead to the development of a whole new range of therapies for neurodegenerative diseases of the central nervous
system,» explains corresponding author of the study Jihwan Song, professor and director of Neural Regeneration and Therapy Group at the CHA
Stem Cell Institute of CHA University.
«Cardiac
stem cells from heart disease patients may be harmful: Researchers discover molecular pathway involved in toxic interaction between host
cells and immune
system.»
But scientists are making progress in refining these therapies, and the first ever trial of fetal
stem cells injected directly into the brain is currently under way in children with Batten disease, a rare and fatal illness of the nervous
system.
If we can boost the immune
system and allow microglia to do their job and control brain tumor
stem cells, it would be like removing the seed from the soil — stopping the tumor growth before it starts to get out of control.»
Finally, the team grew the tissue in a three - dimensional
system, which coaxed it into forming all the structures found in gut tissue, including the finger - like villi that protrude inwards to increase surface area, and recesses called crypts containing the intestinal
stem cells that renew the gut lining weekly (Nature, DOI: 10.1038 / nature09691).
«Once inside the
cells of the root, water enters into a
system of interconnected
cells that make up the wood of the tree and extend from the roots through the
stem and branches and into the leaves.
The authors believe that these tools and methods will lay the foundation for crucial breakthroughs in the flatworm model
system and in our understanding of
stem cell biology and the process of regeneration.
With additional genome tinkering to avoid rejection by the immune
system, they could be used clinically as a universal
stem cell therapy.
Hoping to treat the fetus when its immune
system was especially primitive and the disease in a nascent stage, doctors infused
stem cells into the fetus's abdominal cavity at just 12 weeks» gestation.
Some may
stem directly from how the altered digestive
system works — secreting different levels of hormones, for example — or changes in nerve
cells that communicate with the gut.
Systems biologist Prof. Thomas Höfer and colleagues (also of the DKFZ) performed mathematical analysis of these experimental data to provide additional insight into blood
stem cell dynamics.
Doctors gave the patients
stem cells containing copies of a properly functioning gene for the enzyme; the babies» immune
systems were then able to reconstitute themselves.
Joseph Wu of Stanford University, California, and his team have found that a mouse's immune
system can be primed to recognise and target cancer
cells by vaccinating them beforehand with
stem cells.
During embryonic development of mice, however, the situation is different: To build up the
system, all mature blood and immune
cells develop much more rapidly and almost completely from
stem cells.
They've figured out how to turn human
stem cells into functional pancreatic β
cells — the same
cells that are destroyed by the body's own immune
system in type 1 diabetes patients.
More recently, researchers have induced
stem cells from diseased human somatic
cells, which may serve as new model
systems for various illnesses.
«New gene editing technique turns human pluripotent
stem cells into a model
system for polycystic kidney disease.»
In a related paper published online today in Nature Biotechnology, Konrad Hochedlinger of the Harvard
Stem Cell Institute in Cambridge and his colleagues compared the gene expression patterns in mouse iPS
cells derived from white blood
cells, muscle precursor
cells, immune
system cells called B
cells, and fibroblasts taken from tail tips.
Then the
stem cells release the interleukin, which is like a beacon to tell the immune
system to come in and attack, right here.
Those at highest risk are people whose immune
systems are suppressed, such as those undergoing
stem cell and lung and other organ transplants.
To alter the
stem cells, Kan's team turned to the CRISPR - Cas9
system, a super-efficient method of genome editing based on an ancient bacterial «immune
system».
In the context of the current study, the researchers have developed a pre-clinical model
system that specifically captures the impact of a treatment on cancer
stem cells.
The transplanted
stem cells differentiated to different types of
cells with variable level of maturation, specific for the nervous
system.
To alter the
stem cells, Kan's team turned to the CRISPR - Cas9
system, a method of genome editing based on a bacterial «immune
system».
2 - D
cell - culture and mouse experiments also provided key evidence of the virus's modus operandi; although the rodent brain doesn't harbor the full contingent of human neural
stem cells, it has blood vessels and immune -
system components that organoids lack.
In addition to suppressing the mature blood
cells battling against the infection, malfunctioning of this signaling
system results in permanent damage to the body's blood producing
cells — called hematopoietic
stem cells — that are located in the bone marrow.
«This pilot study showed that the culture
system not only allowed for efficient propagation of sperm
stem cells, but also eliminated ALL
cells,» said Sadri - Ardekani.
In the adult central nervous
system, the vasculature of the neurogenic niche regulates neural
stem cell behavior by providing circulating and secreted factors.
His postdoc characterizing human embryonic
stem cells resulted in seven papers and a contract position at the Center for Cancer
Systems Biology at Tufts University School of Medicine in 2009.
For many scientists, the clinical promise of
stem cells has been dampened by very real concerns that the immune
system will reject the transplanted
cells before they could render any long - term benefit.
Instead, they discovered that Tregs trigger
stem cell activation directly through a common
cell -
cell communication
system known as the Notch pathway.
The findings, published today in Nature, demonstrate that these myeloproliferative neoplasias only appear after damage to the microenvironment that sustains and controls the hematopoietic
stem cells — the
cells that produce the
cells of the blood and the immune
system.
«Active HSCs (hematopoietic
stem cells) form the daily supply line that continually replenishes worn - out blood and immune
cells while the reserve pool serves as a backup
system that replaces damaged active HSCs and steps in during times of increased need,» explains Li.
They observed two types of
stem cells — ASCL - 2 positive and BMI - 1 positive — in the pig colon, similar to the human
system.
Stephen Davies, a neuroscientist at the University of Colorado at Denver who studies nervous
system regeneration using
stem cells, is one of the key scientists working to overcome the obstacles in place.
Adult and larval fruit fly nervous
systems develop from the same set of
stem cells known as neuroblasts.
The study developed a new in vitro
system made from bone marrow
stem cells and studied what would happen if its ambient temperature fell below 37 °C (the natural temperature of the human body).