And the lightning activity in
storms over the ocean is relatively small.
The new method could be helpful in forecasting
storms over the ocean, where no ground instruments exist.
On a highly technical level, Henson notes that Sandy developed a rare «warm seclusion,» which typically occurs in strong winter
storms over the ocean when pockets of warm air form within their cold cores.
Not exact matches
The total volume of rain is easier to calculate when a
storm remains
over a fixed area, but it much harder to suss out when hurricanes remain mobile and dump water
over a wide swath of land and
ocean.
Irma's continued trek west across the
ocean was guided by a strong ridge of high atmospheric pressure
over the Atlantic, which prevented the
storm from curving north and away from North America.
It was the difference between a boat riding gently
over waves and being in a
storm in the
ocean alone.
Airborne particles smaller than 50 nanometers across can intensify
storms, particularly
over relatively pristine regions such as the Amazon rainforest or the
oceans, new research suggests.
Three
storms that raged near Bermuda in 1995 boosted the flow of CO2 into the air
over part of the Atlantic
Ocean by more than half, according to a report in tomorrow's issue of Nature.
In studying the way that tropical
storms in turn affect
ocean currents, Emanuel developed a measure, or metric, of the power released by a
storm over its lifetime.
«We've shown that under clean and humid conditions, like those that exist
over the
ocean and some land in the tropics, tiny aerosols have a big impact on weather and climate and can intensify
storms a great deal,» said Fan, an expert on the effects of pollution on
storms and weather.
The difference in lightning activity can't be explained by changes in the weather, according to the study's authors, who conclude that aerosol particles emitted in ship exhaust are changing how
storm clouds form
over the
ocean.
The problem, Crowley said, is that much of the plastic has already broken down in a soupy mix that tends to move around as
ocean currents and
storms produce swells and wind
over the course of a given year.
Storms mostly move around the globe in preferred regions called «
storm tracks,» forming
over the
ocean and generally traveling eastward and somewhat poleward along these paths.
In the Northern Hemisphere mid-latitudes, much of the day - to - day weather variability is determined by the
storm track regions located
over the Atlantic and Pacific
oceans.
Another principal investigator for the project, Laura Pan, senior scientist at the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder, Colo., believes
storm clusters
over this area of the Pacific are likely to influence climate in new ways, especially as the warm
ocean temperatures (which feed the
storms and chimney) continue to heat up and atmospheric patterns continue to evolve.
As the
storm moves forward
over these eddies, the warm
ocean waters below help fuel the
storm's intensity through enhanced and sustained heat and moisture fluxes.
Last year, Hurricane Matthew rapidly intensified from a tropical
storm to hurricane status as it moved
over the Caribbean Sea in the location where a warm
ocean eddy exists, and in close proximity to where these measurements were taken for this study two years prior.
A study examined three different factors: warmer - than - usual surface atmosphere conditions (related to global warming); sea - ice thinning prior to the melting season (also related to global warming); and an August
storm that passed
over the Arctic, stirring up the
ocean, fracturing the sea ice and sending it southward to warmer climes.
Severe hurricanes,
storm surges and an increase in the number of icebergs are just some of the changes planet Earth has experienced due to warming
oceans over the last 20 years, according to a new report.
The westerlies in the Northern Hemisphere, which increased from the 1960s to the 1990s but which have since returned to about normal as part of NAO and NAM changes, alter the flow from
oceans to continents and are a major cause of the observed changes in winter
storm tracks and related patterns of precipitation and temperature anomalies, especially
over Europe.
These enormous, swirling
storm systems form
over the
ocean.
«
Over the past decade, we've partnered with NOAA scientists on projects ranging from
ocean acidification, to measuring Arctic waves to collecting
storm intensity data from the surface of the hurricane,» said Gary Gysin, President and CEO of Liquid Robotics.
The warmer
ocean waters mean more moisture in the atmosphere for the
storm to suck up; the cold air
over the continent ensures that moisture falls as snow.
While both seasons are now officially
over, as
ocean waters cool with the onset of winter, that doesn't mean
storms can't still form if conditions are right.
I'll take
ocean over a snow
storm any day of the week, girly!
The Amphitrite Lighthouse is perhaps the best location to watch these
storms from on land and some of the massive waves that crash on the shore can send
ocean sprays
over the Lighthouse itself.
We would see clouds and
storms out
over the
ocean, which was very cool, but other than that the weather was perfect.
Over the years, the pier has been heavily damaged by the sea and
storms, but it once stretched quite a distance into the
ocean at the end of which a tugboat would be waiting to tow the heavy bags of sugar on a barge to the huge Matson ships waiting at sea.
Walk across the dramatic suspension bridge
over the
Storms River to the Lookout and spot whales and dolphins in the
ocean.
Over the past 12 years he has curated and organised over 50 exhibitions and projects, including solo shows by Simon Starling, Alex Katz, Lily van der Stokker, Henri Gaudier Brzeska, Linder, Albert Oehlen, Carol Bove, Dexter Dalwood, Mark Titchner, Heimo Zobernig, Hans - Peter Feldmann, Barbara Hepworth, Adam Chodzko, Deimantas Narkevicius, Eileen Quinlan, Peter Lanyon and Lucy McKenzie, as well as a number of group exhibitions including: «The Hollows of Glamour»,» This storm is what we call progress», «Pale Carnage», «The Indiscipline of Painting», «The Dark Monarch: Magic and Modernity in British Art» and most recently «Aquatopia: The Imaginary of the Ocean Deep&raq
Over the past 12 years he has curated and organised
over 50 exhibitions and projects, including solo shows by Simon Starling, Alex Katz, Lily van der Stokker, Henri Gaudier Brzeska, Linder, Albert Oehlen, Carol Bove, Dexter Dalwood, Mark Titchner, Heimo Zobernig, Hans - Peter Feldmann, Barbara Hepworth, Adam Chodzko, Deimantas Narkevicius, Eileen Quinlan, Peter Lanyon and Lucy McKenzie, as well as a number of group exhibitions including: «The Hollows of Glamour»,» This storm is what we call progress», «Pale Carnage», «The Indiscipline of Painting», «The Dark Monarch: Magic and Modernity in British Art» and most recently «Aquatopia: The Imaginary of the Ocean Deep&raq
over 50 exhibitions and projects, including solo shows by Simon Starling, Alex Katz, Lily van der Stokker, Henri Gaudier Brzeska, Linder, Albert Oehlen, Carol Bove, Dexter Dalwood, Mark Titchner, Heimo Zobernig, Hans - Peter Feldmann, Barbara Hepworth, Adam Chodzko, Deimantas Narkevicius, Eileen Quinlan, Peter Lanyon and Lucy McKenzie, as well as a number of group exhibitions including: «The Hollows of Glamour»,» This
storm is what we call progress», «Pale Carnage», «The Indiscipline of Painting», «The Dark Monarch: Magic and Modernity in British Art» and most recently «Aquatopia: The Imaginary of the
Ocean Deep».
When you have the largest Atlantic
storm in recorded history that is being feed by unusually warm
ocean waters (+5 °F) and is being steered in a very unusual direction by a «3 - sigma» blocking higher
over Greenland after the largest Arctic sea ice melt in human history, you might want to consider the «steroid» hypothesis a bit more.
The
storm only briefly hit tropical
storm strength on Saturday as it came ashore from the Pacific
Ocean over the weekend, but the death toll had risen to 115 at last count.
«For several years now, scientists have had evidence that dust from
storms across the vast expanse of the Sahara Desert drifts out
over the Atlantic where it reflects some solar radiation back into space, thus cooling the
ocean waters that fuel hurricanes.
There is a lot of alarmist coverage of Hurricane Irene, but the
storm may change its course, weaken
over the cooler
ocean waters off the middle of the east coast, and come ashore, if at all, as a weaker
storm — still dangerous, but short of Stormageddon.
And since the 1970 ′ s on average there's about a 4 % increase in water vapor
over the Atlantic
Ocean and when that gets caught into a
storm, it invigorates the
storm so the
storm itself changes, and that can easily double the influence of that water vapor and so you can get up to an 8 % increase, straight from the amount of water vapor that's sort of hanging around in the atmosphere.
However, these
storms are often (but not always) limited by the amount of time they have
over the
ocean before encountering land.
This
storm formed and intensified near the Beaufort Sea and moved to the central Arctic
Ocean where it will slowly lose its intensity
over the next several days.
The most notable event was a very strong
storm centered
over the central Arctic
Ocean in early August.
However, at the same time, there's been the steady increase in subtropical
ocean surface temperatures in the Atlantic Warm Pool, leading to record water temperatures off the US east coast in winter, which tends to fuel more extreme
storms (via the increase in water vapor pressure
over the warmer
ocean).
Whether the
storm was
over land,
ocean or coastal areas, clouds with more ice produced more lightning, researchers studying satellite radar images report in the journal Geophysical Research Letters.
When moist air condenses
over the
oceans, it could also lead to the formation of tropical
storms.
This additional heat in the
ocean and air can lead to stronger and more frequent
storms — which is exactly what we've seen in the Philippines
over the last decade.
The implication is that if climate change, driven by increasing greenhouse gases from human activity, increases the heat content of the
ocean,
storms passing
over it will be able to draw ever more moisture that they can unload as rain.
Though hurricanes strenthen when moving
over warmer water, this is merely due to the fact that the horizontal temperature gradient of the atmosphere is not as steep, i.e. the temperature differential between the water and the atmosphere increases as the
storm hits tropical waters; it is not the
ocean temperature per se that drives the hurricane.
A «winter snow
storm» from a flow of moisture that originated
over record warm
ocean temperatures of the Pacific.
An unusually strong
storm formed off the coast of Alaska on August 5 and tracked into the center of the Arctic
Ocean, where it slowly dissipated
over the next several days.
One has been a long - term natural climate oscillation
over the Pacific
Ocean that has steered
storms away from the western United States.
The same
storms also continued past Cape Farewell at the southern tip of Greenland, creating a phenomenon known as Greenland tip jets: High winds from the west deflect around the glacial slopes of Greenland, accelerating as they draw cold,
ocean - chilling air into a relatively small area
over the southern Irminger Sea.»
With a rise in the overall temperature of the
ocean,
ocean - borne
storms such as tropical
storms and hurricanes, which get their fierce and destructive energy from the warm waters they pass
over, could increase in force.
By international agreement, the term tropical cyclone is used by most nations to describe hurricane - like
storms that originated
over tropical
oceans.