Sentences with phrase «structures in different cell»

Not exact matches

The DNA in the nucleus of the fertilized egg contains all the instructions needed to make all the different proteins and all the different sorts of structures in all the different sorts of cells in the body.

Since the first human brain organoids were created from stem cells in 2013, scientists have gotten them to form structures like those in the brains of fetuses, to sprout dozens of different kinds of brain cells, and to develop abnormalities like those causing neurological diseases such as Timothy syndrome.

Previous researchers have also used cell transplant technologies to repair injured hearts, but these used CMs organized in two dimensions with a random, myofibril structure, which is different from natural heart tissue.

In order to isolate the 3D structure of the chromosome during metaphase, the authors used a combination of chromosome conformation capture technologies (3C, 5C and Hi - C) developed by the Dekker lab over the last decade to map the points of contact along the mitotic chromosome in different cell types synchronized to divide at the same timIn order to isolate the 3D structure of the chromosome during metaphase, the authors used a combination of chromosome conformation capture technologies (3C, 5C and Hi - C) developed by the Dekker lab over the last decade to map the points of contact along the mitotic chromosome in different cell types synchronized to divide at the same timin different cell types synchronized to divide at the same time.

The olfactory system comprises six million to 10 million receptor cells (of which there are nearly 400 different types) and links to multiple brain structures and neural pathways, including those involved in memory, emotion and movement.

Starting with 2 - D structures formed using state - of - the - art methods in semiconductor manufacturing and carefully placed «Kirigami cuts,» the researchers created more than 50 different mostly closed 3 - D structures that, in theory, could contain cells or support advanced electronic or optoelectronic devices.

In embryos, they guide differentiation from the single fertilized egg into all cells that form the different tissues and structures of the body.

The different types of cells made the structures as they do in nature — for example, distal cells made distal tubules, a segment of the nephron that filters urine — but they didn't communicate.

«There are many examples in developmental biology where cells from different origins will come together and form a coherent structure.

When Kaufman, Zon and colleagues looked to see what was different about these early cancer cells, they found that crestin and the other activated genes are the same ones turned on during zebrafish embryonic development — specifically, in the stem cells that give rise to the pigment cells known as melanocytes, within a structure called the neural crest.

As in human cells, these EPO molecules get «decorated» variously with sugar chains, producing a cocktail of so - called glycoforms with different three - dimensional structures.

For this study, researchers studied four solar cells with different selenium contents — and corresponding changes in crystal structure — and learned that the one with the highest level of selenium did not perform well.

They found the different stages of germ cells in XX mutants have an ability to feminize the gonads, resulting in the formation of gonads with ovarian structures.

«This field is very new and there are likely many different mechanisms by which liquid organelles form in cells, so exploring fundamental questions like «what are the minimum requirements to make these structures come and go as they do in the cell» is very important.»

PARTICLE acts in three different ways to prevent expression of the MAT2A gene: 1) by winding around the MAT2A gene to create a DNA: RNA triple helix structure locking down the MAT2A gene promoter, 2) by binding the messenger RNA product of the MAT2A gene and preventing it being used for MAT2A protein synthesis and 3) transferring MAT2A messenger RNA into intracellular vesicles that are subsequently ejected from the cell.

For example, the researchers were able to identify previously unknown gene expression differences between the neural stem cells that give rise to the brain's deep structures versus its neocortical surface, and to show that molecular signatures of different neural cell types arise much earlier in brain development than previously realized.

The researchers first simulated what kinds of materials and structures would work well to make lithium - sulfur cells last longer, computing how molecules in the cathode would interact with different materials.

To help design new structures that enable cells to «shape up,» researchers at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) have come up with a way to measure, and more importantly, classify, the shapes cells tend to take in different environments.

So to be able to make the most efficient use of the sunlight, one of the possibilities is to build tandem - type structures, in other words, to fit the cells manufactured with different polymers one on top of the other,» explained Etxebarria.

To do this, the first step was to optimize the production process of cells based on different polymers, in order to achieve the maximum efficiency of these materials; secondly, polymers that absorb light at different wavelengths have been used to produce cells with a tandem structure in order to make them more efficient.

X-ray studies at the Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, combined with Stanford biological studies and computational analysis, revealed remarkable similarities in the structure of binding sites, which allow a given T cell to recognize many different invaders that provoke an immune response.

They printed 3D tissue constructs with a variety of architectures, culminating in an intricately patterned construct containing blood vessels and three different types of cells — a structure approaching the complexity of solid tissues.

Other forms of cell - cell interaction, on the other hand, are only effective in mixed population structures; these include, for example, cross-feeding mutualisms in which different cell types depend on close proximity to benefit each other [17 — 19].

Moreover, all of the donated pancreases displayed active insulin - producing beta cells, with some of the cells scattered individually and others clumped with different kinds of hormone - producing cells in the normal pancreatic structures called islets.

These nanomembranes maintained their structure in water or alcohol, at different temperatures, in solutions with high or low pH, or high concentrations of salts, a feat that few cell membranes could accomplish.

Furthermore, ultra-thin, self - assembled layers on substrates of different surface energies were investigated on their morphology and ion conductive structure for modeling polymer structure in fuel cell electrodes.

Overton studied the elaborate structures on the surfaces of cells in order to understand how single cells established and maintained connections with their partners as they matured to form different types of tissues in the developing embryo.

However, these aggregates lack structure and the different cell types emerge in a disorganised fashion.

Many different types of sugary molecules known as advanced glycation end - products (AGEs) end up in the spaces between cells and can react with and link together the intricate structures of the extracellular matrix.

This visualization shows tightly - packed DNA in a mouse cell's nucleus at different stages of development, seen here in a semi-triangular form as a mature nerve cell; in a roundish shape as a multipotent stem cell; in a more oval form as a neuronal progenitor; and as a more fragmented structure that shows how removing a specialized binding protein (HP1β knockout) affects the structure of the DNA - packing material, called heterochromatin, in a mature neuron.

Dr. Ruta, Rockefeller University, shows in her latest paper featured in Cell that the mushroom body, a pair of structures in insect brains, acts as a «switchboard» to relay sensory information to different neuronal networks based on the fruit fly's previous experience and context.

We will differentially characterize organelle structure and motility, excitability, cell and axonal growth and cell cortical plasticity in the different diseases.

We simulate the data with multivariate normal distributions, with two different block structured covariance matrices, which only have covariance for the marker genes in the corresponding cell type.

Higher - performance variants of the Model S could have battery cells in this area, but, according to Tesla, they also have different structure.

The two here are quite different, in scale and colour, yet similar in that they employ his now customary arrangements of semi-transparent cell - like structures, situated in an indefinite space.

The appeals court accepted that the chemical structure of DNA, once removed from a cell was «markedly different» from the DNA found in nature, that is within the chromosone.

«In addition to the sensory cells and sinus structures that allow them to process odors in the air, they also have an organ we do not have,» says Brian Ogle, a science instructor specializing in zoos, aquariums, animal shelters, human - wildlife contact, and pet / animal ownership at Beacon College in Leesburg, FL. «This organ is called a Jacobson's organ, which helps to analyze different chemicals in the air that we can not detecIn addition to the sensory cells and sinus structures that allow them to process odors in the air, they also have an organ we do not have,» says Brian Ogle, a science instructor specializing in zoos, aquariums, animal shelters, human - wildlife contact, and pet / animal ownership at Beacon College in Leesburg, FL. «This organ is called a Jacobson's organ, which helps to analyze different chemicals in the air that we can not detecin the air, they also have an organ we do not have,» says Brian Ogle, a science instructor specializing in zoos, aquariums, animal shelters, human - wildlife contact, and pet / animal ownership at Beacon College in Leesburg, FL. «This organ is called a Jacobson's organ, which helps to analyze different chemicals in the air that we can not detecin zoos, aquariums, animal shelters, human - wildlife contact, and pet / animal ownership at Beacon College in Leesburg, FL. «This organ is called a Jacobson's organ, which helps to analyze different chemicals in the air that we can not detecin Leesburg, FL. «This organ is called a Jacobson's organ, which helps to analyze different chemicals in the air that we can not detecin the air that we can not detect.