Sentences with phrase «studies of disease outcomes»

Not exact matches

Systems science is an interdisciplinary field that studies how the interaction of factors produces outcomes — how the causes and consequences of events can, taken together, form the basis for everything from a disease epidemic, to a pattern of human behavior.

The research paper stated as part of its findings: «The promising outcomes of this study strongly imply the possible use of VCO, not only as neuroprotective agents for those suffering from neurodegenerative diseases, but also as brain food.»

Tough summarizes key research, such as the Adverse Childhood Experience Study, a project of the Centers for Disease Control and Kaiser Permanente, which revealed a stunning correlation between traumatic childhood events and negative adult outcomes.

Although the observational studies that underlie our models all adjusted for multiple confounders, including known risk factors for the disease outcomes of interest, risk factors for early breastfeeding cessation such as preterm birth, preeclampsia, and obesity are also risk factors for metabolic disease in later life.

Of note, our models may underestimate the true maternal costs of suboptimal breastfeeding; we modeled the effects of lactation on only five maternal health conditions despite data linking lactation with other maternal health outcomes.46 In addition, women in our model could not develop type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, or MI before age 35 years, although these conditions are becoming increasingly prevalent among young adults.47 Although some studies have found an association between lactation and rates of postmenopausal diabetes22, 23 and cardiovascular disease, 10 we conservatively limited the duration of lactation's effect on both diabetes and MOf note, our models may underestimate the true maternal costs of suboptimal breastfeeding; we modeled the effects of lactation on only five maternal health conditions despite data linking lactation with other maternal health outcomes.46 In addition, women in our model could not develop type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, or MI before age 35 years, although these conditions are becoming increasingly prevalent among young adults.47 Although some studies have found an association between lactation and rates of postmenopausal diabetes22, 23 and cardiovascular disease, 10 we conservatively limited the duration of lactation's effect on both diabetes and Mof suboptimal breastfeeding; we modeled the effects of lactation on only five maternal health conditions despite data linking lactation with other maternal health outcomes.46 In addition, women in our model could not develop type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, or MI before age 35 years, although these conditions are becoming increasingly prevalent among young adults.47 Although some studies have found an association between lactation and rates of postmenopausal diabetes22, 23 and cardiovascular disease, 10 we conservatively limited the duration of lactation's effect on both diabetes and Mof lactation on only five maternal health conditions despite data linking lactation with other maternal health outcomes.46 In addition, women in our model could not develop type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, or MI before age 35 years, although these conditions are becoming increasingly prevalent among young adults.47 Although some studies have found an association between lactation and rates of postmenopausal diabetes22, 23 and cardiovascular disease, 10 we conservatively limited the duration of lactation's effect on both diabetes and Mof postmenopausal diabetes22, 23 and cardiovascular disease, 10 we conservatively limited the duration of lactation's effect on both diabetes and Mof lactation's effect on both diabetes and MI.

Studies investigating these breast milk constituents and the infant intestinal response in both outcomes will facilitate a better understanding of the impact of breast - feeding on infant allergic disease.

Many epidemiologic studies consistently show that breastfeeding not only provides optimal bio-avaiable nutrients, but also protects against diarrhoeal, respiratory and other diseases [11][12][13][14], including the non-communicable disease of obesity in later life [15][16][17] and leads to improved cognitive and psychosocial outcomes [18][19][20].

There are numerous prospective studies reporting the relation between breast feeding and respiratory morbidity (excluding allergic diathesis).27 — 35 The advantages of our study are that feeding data were collected before disease outcomes were known, hospital admission data were validated, and the study had ample statistical power.

Strengths of this study, Dr. Li noted, included that researchers used an objective measuring device and studied a short - term outcome (miscarriage) rather than one that will occur years or decades later, such as cancer or autoimmune diseases.

Lauren Theilen, M.D. one of the primary researchers of the study and the presenter of the research at the upcoming SMFM annual meeting, explained, «Importantly, we are unable to say whether the hypertensive disease of pregnancy plays a causal role here, but we feel that further study is warranted to determine whether interventions such as early screening for chronic disease may improve long - term health outcomes among these women.»

Marc Garnick, a prostate cancer expert at Harvard Medical School, points out, «this would have been a much more powerful study if they had mortality outcomes, not the incidence of metastatic disease.»

Enabled by cutting - edge technologies at GIS, I look forward to more studies in this area with a view to understanding the role of microbial communities in diseases, and eventually leading to better health outcomes for patients.»

A new study published online by JAMA Oncology examines the assessment of minimal residual disease in patients newly treated for multiple myeloma as a factor in survival outcomes.

In the study, the children that developed severe disabilities or died from TBM had the highest levels of these biological markers, and the levels increased over time, suggesting that this information could be used to help predict disease outcome.

Lead author of the study, Professor Jacob George, said this was a significant outcome that will help to predict risk of liver disease for individuals, enabling early intervention and lifestyle changes.

In three new studies in the current issue of the International Journal of Infectious Disease, researchers reported on clinical outcomes in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), how long patients will shed virus during their infections, and how the Sultanate of Oman is dealing with cases that have appeared there.

Ultimately, the study contributes to our understanding of the complexity inherent to disease transmission and highlights the importance of changes in behaviour of sick animals for predicting the outcome of outbreaks.

Although some research has suggested that the use of the anticoagulant warfarin for atrial fibrillation among patients with chronic kidney disease would increase the risk of death or stroke, a study that included more than 24,000 patients found a lower l - year risk of the combined outcomes of death, heart attack or stroke without a higher risk of bleeding, according to a study in the March 5 issue of JAMA.

Willette and Webb say they wanted to take a more holistic approach with this study to better understand how this gene affects the course of the disease and certain outcomes such as motor skills and anxiety.

«While several observational studies have suggested that celiac disease is associated with different pregnancy outcomes, this research takes into account the actual levels of tissue transglutaminase that reflect the degree of mucosal damage associated with undiagnosed celiac disease or limited compliance to a gluten - free diet.

«A better understanding of individual susceptibility to dental disease and variation in treatment outcomes will allow the dental field to move forward,» says Alexandre Vieira, a researcher involved in the study.

«The outcome has been amazing,» says Lindsay Porter, a 47 - year - old Chicago resident with polycystic kidney disease who was one of the study subjects.

The study, published today in Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes, examined the records of more than 38,000 people with chronic ischemic heart disease living in either urban or rural areas.

The University of Florence team's 2011 statistical analysis of health outcomes for almost 1,700 male patients showed that those involved in stable extramarital relationships had about twice the cardiovascular disease as other patients in the study, particularly if the man reported that his wife was still sexually interested in him.

The study reflects an «antimicrobial stewardship» approach, guiding healthcare providers to prescribe the most appropriate antibiotic for a patient's specific type of infection, with the aim of improving individual outcomes and reducing the overall risk of antibiotic resistance — in which disease - causing microorganisms develop resistance to commonly used antibiotics.

The study is investigator led and has therefore focused on clinical need, targeting patients with progressive multiple sclerosis in whom most disability is incurred... The study also reports a predominant effect on neurodegenerative rather than inflammatory outcomes, suggesting a novel mechanism of action that might be suitable as combination treatment with immunomodulatory treatments... Further phase 3 studies to measure the effect of simvastatin on sustained disability, particularly in patients with non-relapsing secondary progressive and primary progressive multiple sclerosis, are clearly needed, but this trial represents a promising point from which to develop trials of progressive disease.»

In his commentary on the AHA's new scientific statement on the Social Determinants of Risk and Outcomes for Cardiovascular Disease Siscovick explains that the social determinants of health are multi-dimensional and multi-level, yet we have few studies that examine the social determinants in large, diverse populations.

Although vitamin D has been extensively studied in relation to a range of outcomes — and there are some indications that low blood vitamin D levels might be linked to several diseases — «firm universal conclusions about its benefits can not be drawn,» say the authors.

The current study lays the groundwork for improving the outcomes of patients with these diseases.

«Defining the biology of naturally occurring protective mutations is quite important, because they define desired outcomes for potentially new therapies,» explained the study's co-author Judy H. Cho, MD, Director of the Sanford Grossman Center for Integrative Studies in Crohn's disease, and the Charles F. Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai.

«Further, the study also showed that consuming larger amounts of potassium in the diet counterbalances the adverse affect of high sodium excretion on blood pressure in cardiovascular disease outcomes.»

«While the PURE study is a major advance in terms of scope and the use of very careful and consistent methodology, it does not allow us to conclude that low sodium intake causes death and cardiovascular disease outcomes,» she said.

The new study will focus on four areas of high public health concern: obesity, birth defects and other early outcomes, neurodevelopmental disorders (such as autism and depression), and airway diseases (such as asthma and allergies).

The researchers report long - term outcomes from the Qidong Hepatitis B intervention Study (QHBIS), a randomized controlled trial of neonatal HBV vaccination that was conducted between 1983 and 1990 in Qidong County, a rural area in China with a high incidence of HBV - related primary liver cancer (PLC) and other liver diseases.

Scientists still have to analyze the data collected to learn more about how well the drug, called TKM - Ebola - Guinea, was tolerated and what specific effects it had on disease outcomes, says Peter Horby of the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom, who headed the study.

«The PURE study is observational in design and does not test directly whether reducing sodium intake in a population reduces cardiovascular disease outcomes compared to a comparable population, selected at random, that consumes moderate amounts of sodium.»

«This study allowed us to look more closely at the long - term outcomes of patients in whom the localized cancer in the prostate was successfully eradicated and compare them to patients whose disease persisted within the prostate following treatment,» adds Dr. Krauss.

The study divided data into two segments to compare outcomes of patients treated before and after 2002, when the Pediatric End - Stage Liver Disease system (PELD) was instituted.

However, the impact of pre-transplant obesity, hypertension and coronary artery disease on post-transplant outcomes has received less attention and is the focus of our study.»

Drugs capable of activating silenced genes improve survival and growth outcomes in a mouse model of Prader - Willi syndrome (PWS), a rare and incurable childhood disease, according to a study funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH).

The team is currently pursuing further studies of the impact of Part D cost - sharing policies in different disease areas, and hopes ultimately to get a better understanding not only of changes in drug access but also of the long range clinical outcomes and costs associated with any delays or interruptions in treatment.

The research, one of a number of studies to explore the connection between heart disease and development of depression by researchers at Intermountain Medical Center Heart Institute, will be published on July 28 in the European Heart Journal — Quality of Care & Clinical Outcomes.

«Our findings suggest that we need to be concerned about weight fluctuation in this group that is already at high risk due to coronary disease,» says lead study author Sripal Bangalore, MD, director of the cardiovascular outcomes group in the Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center at NYU Langone.

«In this study, we have a narrow focus on diabetes only,» wrote Tolstrup, «but since alcohol is related to more than 50 different diseases and conditions — reflecting that alcohol affects virtually every organ system of the body — any recommendations about how to drink and how much to drink should not be inferred from this study or any study investigating associations between alcohol and a single outcome.»

«It is our hope that emerging technologies and future studies will expand on our work, and ultimately lead to safe, targeted, and cost - effective therapies that markedly improve visual outcomes and quality of life for patients suffering from these debilitating eye diseases.»

Potential cardioprotection was based on generally supportive data on lipid levels in intermediate outcome clinical trials, trials in nonhuman primates, and a large body of observational studies suggesting a 40 % to 50 % reduction in risk among users of either estrogen alone or, less frequently, combined estrogen and progestin.2 - 5 Hip fracture was designated as a secondary outcome, supported by observational data as well as clinical trials showing benefit for bone mineral density.6, 7 Invasive breast cancer was designated as a primary adverse outcome based on observational data.3, 8 Additional clinical outcomes chosen as secondary outcomes that may plausibly be affected by hormone therapy include other cardiovascular diseases; endometrial, colorectal, and other cancers; and other fractures.3, 6,9

My team at BSRI, and collaborators in the REDS programs (the American Red Cross and globally), have responded to numerous blood safety threats with rigorous studies in multiple countries to verify and quantify rates of infected donations, and consequent risks of transmission to and disease outcomes in recipients.

In a substudy, review outcomes were also compared across different types of clinical research, based in large part on the designations and definitions derived from a number of sources, including a report by Nathan, 14 the Institute of Medicine, 20 the NIH Director's Panel on Clinical Research, 9 the Association of American Medical Colleges and American Medical Association, 21 and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.22 All 3599 R01 applications involving human subjects that were submitted to NIH for the October 2002 council were categorized into 1 of the following: (1) patient - oriented studies of mechanisms of human disease (bench to bedside); (2) clinical trials and other clinical interventions; (3) patient - oriented research focusing on development of new technologies; (4) epidemiological studies; (5) behavioral studies (including studies of normal human behavior); (6) health services research; and (7) use of deidentified human tissue.

We also performed subgroup meta - analyses by type of prevention (primary v secondary: in this study, trials involving healthy populations or patients with any specific disease except for cardiovascular disease were classified as primary prevention trials, and trials involving patients with cardiovascular disease were classified as secondary prevention trials), type of supplement by quality and dose (each supplement, vitamins only, antioxidants only, or antioxidants excluding vitamins), type of outcome (cardiovascular death, angina, fatal or non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke, or transient ischaemic attack), type of outcome in each supplement, type of study design (randomised, double blind, placebo controlled trial v open label, randomised controlled trial), methodological quality (high v low), duration of treatment (< 5 years v ≥ 5 years), funding source (pharmaceutical industry v independent organisation), provider of supplements (pharmaceutical industry v not pharmaceutical industry), type of control (placebo v no placebo), number of participants (≥ 10000 v < 10000), and supplements given singly or in combination with other vitamin or antioxidant supplements by quality.

One outcome of such studies might be the development of novel biomarkers of disease states, adverse responses, beneficial responses, exposures, or therapeutic responses.