Sentences with phrase «studies on animal models»

The Animal and Human Imaging Shared Resource enables Cancer Center investigators to execute high throughput, quantitative and noninvasive in vivo imaging studies on animal models, apply and validate MRI, optical, CT, PET, SPECT and ultrasound methods for noninvasive detection and characterization in small animals and incorporate emerging and clinical relevant quantitative MRI and PET protocols into Phase I, II and III clinical trials in a centralized, cost effective manner.

Not exact matches

«Chronic inflammation of the intestine is thought to be caused by abnormal interactions between gut microbes, intestinal epithelial cells and the immune system, but so far it has been impossible to determine how each of these factors contribute to the development of intestinal bowel disease,» said Hyun Jung Kim, Ph.D., former Wyss Technology Development Fellow and first author on the study, speaking about the limitations of conventional in vitro and animal models of bacterial overgrowth and inflammation of the intestines.

To find out what impact this might have on a flu epidemic, Earn and his colleagues turned to a 1982 study which showed that ferrets, a common animal model for human flu, produced more seasonal flu virus if their fevers were lowered either with painkillers or by having their fur shaved off.

One 2014 study based on modeling animal movement found that increasing vehicle density on existing roads, rather than adding more roads with lower density, resulted in fewer wildlife fatalities.

Nadeau also studies the potential impacts of climate change on species around the globe, using modeling, field observation and experiments to predict where species are most vulnerable and determine how conservation groups can best mitigate the negative impacts of climate change on animal populations.

The study — which looked at the action of Substance P within nerve cells in the lab and in animal models — focused on acute pain, but Professor Gamper aims to look at its role within chronic pain as well.

«Despite the prevalence of abnormal sleep patterns in PD, very few studies to date have outlined sleep disturbances in animal models of PD,» says Sarah M. Rothman, PhD, a researcher with the National Institute on Aging, in Baltimore, MD..

«Most previous research into ways of delaying the onset of HD symptoms have focused on studying the mutant protein in cells or in animal models, but the relevance of abnormalities in those systems to what actually happens in patients remains a huge assumption,» says James Gusella, PhD, director of the Center for Human Genetic Research (CHGR) at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), corresponding author of the Cell paper.

The study is one of the first to test if the «landscape of fear» model, a scientific theory that has been used to explain how animals move and interact with the environment based on their fear of being attacked by their predators, is applicable to large open marine systems involving wide - ranging species, like sharks and turtles.

«Most pain medications that have been tested in the past decade have failed in phase II human trials despite performing well in animal models,» notes Clifford Woolf, MD, PhD, director of Boston Children's F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center and a co-senior investigator on the study with Michael Costigan, PhD.

The journal's home page explains that translational medicine «builds on basic research advances — studies of biological processes using cell cultures, for example, or animal models — and uses them to develop new therapies or medical procedures.»

To shed light on the mystery of Bornean elephant's origin, Chikhi and Goossens» team used genetic data analysis and computational modelling to study the past demographic history of these animals.

«If human organs on chips can be shown to be robust and consistently recapitulate complex human organ physiology and disease phenotypes in unrelated laboratories around the world, as suggested by early proof - of - concept studies, then we will see them progressively replace one animal model at a time.

«Our work and that of our colleagues on stress and CRF have been mechanistically implicated in Alzheimer's disease, but agents that impact CRF signaling have not been carefully tested for therapeutic efficacy or long - term safety in animal models,» said the study's principal investigator and corresponding author Robert Rissman, PhD, assistant professor in the Department of Neurosciences and Biomarker Core Director for the Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study (Astudy's principal investigator and corresponding author Robert Rissman, PhD, assistant professor in the Department of Neurosciences and Biomarker Core Director for the Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study (AStudy (ADCS).

The use of cell surface markers to isolate specific cell populations is one common method for separating cells; however, isolating live cells based on their RNA expression is a powerful new way enabling the study of small cell niches in nongenetically modified animal models and human tissue.

In the study, Bruce Hope, from the National Institutes of Health National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program in Baltimore, Maryland, and colleagues used animal models to investigate if the brain forms drug - related memories in a similar way.

Such ease of use will likely encourage the use of more animal models in the study of human diseases, says Rhonda Wiler, a geneticist at biotech giant Genentech in San Francisco, California, who co-chairs the Roundtable on Science and Welfare in Laboratory Animal Use (which organized the workanimal models in the study of human diseases, says Rhonda Wiler, a geneticist at biotech giant Genentech in San Francisco, California, who co-chairs the Roundtable on Science and Welfare in Laboratory Animal Use (which organized the workAnimal Use (which organized the workshop).

In order to answer the question if animals are capable of mental time travel, the researchers relied on published experimental studies and matched the results with their model.

«Although this is basic scientific research using animal models, these studies are shedding light on the molecular mechanisms that control male fertility, and are helping us to better understand the causes of many cases of infertility and enabling new horizons to be opened up in the development of therapeutic targets and strategies to combat it,» explained Dr Subirán.

The study, «Modulating Behavior in C.elegans Using Electroshock and Antiepileptic Drugs,» just published in PLOS One, has led the researchers to build on the current animal models for inducing seizures via electroconvulsion in the genetically modifiable C.elegans that only has 302 brain cells called neurons.

Serotonin [5 - hydroxytryptamine, (5 - HT)-RSB- function influences normal fear as well as pathological anxiety, behaviors critically dependent on the amygdala in animal models and in clinical studies.

Analyses were performed on the frog Xenopus laevis, an animal model widely used by researchers from around the world to study laws governing cellular division in depth.

Future work will focus on identifying cellular targets of ampulexins, and potentially generating a useful animal model for the study of Parkinson's disease treatments.

According to the authors of the study, in future researches it will be necessary to know about the action mechanism of the new products - highly selective and with low cell toxicity on in vitro tests - and broaden preclinical studies with laboratory animal models.

In addition to the animal model, the scientists also studied 33 patients with neurodermatitis and found that they have increased quantities of MDSCs in their blood and on their skin in comparison to healthy individuals.

«Future studies on maternal smoking and other environmental, genetic, and epigenetic factors, as well as animal models, should allow identification of the biological mechanisms responsible for these associations.

No previous studies have investigated the direct effect of sugar consumption on the development of breast cancer using breast cancer animal models or examined specific mechanisms, she added.

This is why studies carried out on animal models can help us to understand the development of the human embryo.

But based on studies in animal models of pancreatic cancer, U-M researchers and colleagues theorized that dissemination happens before we tumors can be detected.

Research Project Grant (R01) applications proposing to conduct mechanistic studies in humans and animal models on the relationships between alcohol abuse, circadian rhythms and sleep disorders.

Because of a lack of standardised and harmonised preclinical studies, there is limited information we can so far obtain from literature on the relative predictive value of different animal models and alternative methods for vaccine evaluation.

Researchers at McLean's Behavioral Genetics Lab are using animal models to study the effects of nicotine on vulnerability to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a study funded by the Department of Defense (DoD).

The following profile of REGEN2017 student Susannah Kassmer, Ph.D., appears in the fall edition of the MDI Biological Laboratory's «Breaking Through» magazine, which focuses on how the study of highly regenerative animal models can help science understand the potential for regeneration in humans.

Our work focused on Drosophilia, one of the most powerful animal models for studying the cellular and molecular basis of sleep - wake rhythms.

Research Project Grant (R01) applications proposing to conduct mechanistic studies in humans and animal models on alcohol - induced transgenerational effects and the role of epigenetic inheritance in these effects.

Dr. Amaral's interests include research involving multidisciplinary studies directed at determining the neuroanatomical, behavioral and electrophysiological organization and functions of brain systems that are involved in learning, memory, emotion and social behavior carried out on the human brain and on animal models.

Using the wheel lock model and other animal models for studying childhood obesity is giving scientists more insight on exactly what happens when activity is restricted during youth, leading to obesity.

A new study, published in Nature Neuroscience, examined the effect of the anti-cancer drug romidepsin on animal models of autism.

In addition to a detailed study of the mudskipper and development of a robot model that used the animal's locomotion techniques, the study also examined flow and drag conditions in representative granular materials and applied a mathematical model incorporating new physics based on the drag research.

That's one conclusion from a new study of African mudskipper fish and a robot modeled on the animal.

«After the neurobiological studies pointed out the important role of the GABAB receptor in nicotine reward, and we had positive data in a variety of animal models of nicotine dependence, it was time to focus our efforts on discovery of new molecules that could become therapeutics to assist people to quit smoking.»

Subsequently, work in the Markou laboratory showed that these compounds had desirable effects on nicotine dependence in animal models, while offering a better side - effect profile than other alternatives under study (full agonists at the same receptors).

His research interests are focused on the molecular genetics of the inherited myopathies and neuromuscular junction disorders and the study of animal models of these disorders as a means to understand their pathophysiology as well as to develop means to monitor disease progression and therapeutic interventions.

More: Psychopharmacology: Molecules of the mind fMRI: Watching the brain in action Cognitive neuroscience: A critical bridge Studying intellectual disabilities: Vanderbilt's legacy of brain science Animal brains: Models of the human condition The brain on trial: The MacArthur Foundation Research Network on Law and Neuroscience

They will then test in vivo (in animals) their combination of drugs on the best mouse model available to study lipofuscin - mediated retinal degeneration.

Over the last few years, scientists have been able to recreate accurate models of human organs by embedding living tissue onto chips, allowing them to study the effects of drugs and diseases without testing on animals or humans.

More: A multidisciplinary approach: The Vanderbilt Brain Institute Psychopharmacology: Molecules of the mind Cognitive neuroscience: A critical bridge Studying intellectual disabilities: Vanderbilt's legacy of brain science Animal brains: Models of the human condition The brain on trial: The MacArthur Foundation Research Network on Law and Neuroscience

More: A multidisciplinary approach: The Vanderbilt Brain Institute Psychopharmacology: Molecules of the mind fMRI: Watching the brain in action Cognitive neuroscience: A critical bridge Studying intellectual disabilities: Vanderbilt's legacy of brain science Animal brains: Models of the human condition The brain on trial: The MacArthur Foundation Research Network on Law and Neuroscience

More: A multidisciplinary approach: The Vanderbilt Brain Institute Psychopharmacology: Molecules of the mind fMRI: Watching the brain in action Studying intellectual disabilities: Vanderbilt's legacy of brain science Animal brains: Models of the human condition The brain on trial: The MacArthur Foundation Research Network on Law and Neuroscience

More: A multidisciplinary approach: The Vanderbilt Brain Institute fMRI: Watching the brain in action Cognitive neuroscience: A critical bridge Studying intellectual disabilities: Vanderbilt's legacy of brain science Animal brains: Models of the human condition The brain on trial: The MacArthur Foundation Research Network on Law and Neuroscience