Not exact matches
Some
of the researchers at the centre will
study the differentiation
of stem cells into other cell types, one group by using human
embryonic stem cell biology and another by
studying early embryo
development.
For this
study, Guttridge, first author David J. Wang, who developed many
of the
study's concepts, and their colleagues monitored NF - kB activity during tumor
development using mouse
embryonic fibroblasts and two mouse models.
«Furthermore, results
of our
study highlight the importance
of including moisture conditions when predicting embryo growth and sex ratios and in developing proxies
of embryonic development.
For years, Scripps neuroscientist Jerold Chun had been
studying the
embryonic brain and how certain lipids in the blood
of both the mother and the embryo affect its
development.
Mouse
embryonic stem cells, reported in 1981 by Martin Evans, Matthew Kaufman, and Gail Martin, have allowed scientists to generate genetically customized strains
of mice that have revolutionized
studies of organismic
development and immunity and have provided countless models
of human disease.
Experts say the new method, reported in the current issue
of Cell, could also be a useful tool for
studying embryonic development.
Clues to Urbilateria's brain plan come from
studying the
embryonic development of creatures alive today.
They hope to
study APOBEC's importance in fighting off mutations early in the
development of embryonic life, and in the
development of the eggs and sperm that carry our genes to the next generation.
«We
studied how the Sox2 gene is turned on in mice, and found the region
of the genome that is needed to turn the gene on in
embryonic stem cells,» said Professor Jennifer Mitchell
of U
of T's Department
of Cell and Systems Biology, lead invesigator
of a
study published in the December 15 issue
of Genes &
Development.
«For several years, we have been
studying myogenesis, a process by which muscles are formed during
embryonic development,» says Jean - François Côté, PhD, Director
of the Cytoskeletal Organization and Cell Migration research unit at the IRCM.
This discovery by the scientists at the CRG provides an insight into stem cell - forming molecular mechanisms, and is therefore
of great interest for
studies on the early stages
of life, during
embryonic development.
Embryonic development is a well -
studied process in which the precise regulation
of gene expression is critical, since many genes are expressed simultaneously and in a punctual manner.
This is a relatively new paradigm in the
study of evolution, which focuses on comparing the
embryonic development of multiple living beings to understand how their adult forms have changed giving rise to new species.
«
Studies on
embryonic development greatly benefit from the culture system
of embryonic stem cells and, more recently, induced pluripotent stem cells.
To fill that gap, the researchers used mice to
study the genetics behind
embryonic development of the stomach.
Veronica Palma, from University
of Chile, led the
study with Rehen and highlights the combined approaches allowed the creation
of an environment that mimics the one during
embryonic brain
development.
Because the RNAi wasn't used to dampen FOXP2 activity until 23 days after the birds hatched, the new
study shows that the gene has a role beyond
embryonic development, says neurogeneticist Simon Fisher
of the University
of Oxford in the U.K. «The gene, at least in songbirds, may have important active functions in [neural] circuits,» he says.
The researchers hope that these assays will be used by many laboratories that are
studying the events associated with early
embryonic development and the effect
of repeat length and methylation status on gene expression and differentiation.
Other potential uses
of embryonic stem cells include investigation
of early human
development,
study of genetic disease and as in vitro systems for toxicology testing.
The researchers used this live - imaging technique to
study fly embryos at a key stage in their
development, approximately two hours after the onset
of embryonic life where the genes undergo fast and furious transcription for about one hour.
«New methods such the CRISPR - Cas9 system for gene editing now make it possible to carry out functional
studies in other species, and this will in turn lead to decisive advances in our understanding
of early
embryonic development in mammals.»
Birds have been the model organisms for
studying embryonic development for many years, but the difficulty in applying transgenesis to birds has hampered the use
of the avian model in modern science.
«Discovery
of a gene that could convert human
embryonic stem cells into myocardial cells would be golden,» said Didier Stainier, PhD, UCSF assistant professor
of biochemistry and biophysics, the senior author
of the UCSF
study and a pioneer in the
study of heart
development in the transparent zebrafish embryo.
Recently, his lab used induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells — adult cells made to act like
embryonic stem cells — made from skin cells
of patients carrying apoE4, or other mutations related to Alzheimer's, to
study their effects on the
development, survival, and degeneration
of human neurons.
Correspondingly, endothelial - specific deletion
of Tie2 using Ve - cad - Cre driver mice, pursued in validating the Tie2fl / fl mice used in this
study, essentially phenocopied the global Tie2 KO phenotype with
embryonic lethality around E10.5 (Supplementary Fig. 13), confirming the key role
of endothelial Tie2 during
embryonic development.
Although additional research is required to propel the embryo into the next stage - that
of a live fetus - this
study offers a more comprehensive understanding
of early
embryonic development and could help improve fertility treatments.
Mouse brain tissue from three different stages
of the mouse brain
development;
embryonic day 15, postnatal day 2 and postnatal day 21, was
studied.
A variety
of biological processes are being
studied, mainly concerning
embryonic development and
development and homeostasis
of organs.
In this
study, the team delved deep into the nucleus
of cells belonging to mouse and zebrafish embryos — two important animal models
of embryonic development — in order to determine how the Dll4 gene is turned on.
10/10/2007 Researchers Reveal Repressor Protein Blocks Neural Stem Cell
Development A protein known to repress gene transcription at the molecular level in a variety
of processes also blocks
embryonic neural stem cells from differentiating into neurons, according to a
study by University
of California, San Diego and Howard Hughes Me... More...
It is based on the definitive books
of mouse
embryonic development by Theiler (1989) and Kaufman (1992) yet extends these
studies by creating a series
of three dimensional computer models
of mouse embryos at successive stages
of development with defined anatomical domains linked by a stage - by - stage ontology
of anatomical names.
These findings on gene expression in single
embryonic stem cells are in concert with recent
studies of early mammalian
development, which reveal molecular heterogeneity and a stochasticity
of gene expression in blastomeres.
It'll be tough for us not to continue down this road, in spite
of some serious ethical questions, when most
of what we know about human
embryonic development comes from
studying frogs, fish, chickens and mice.
Since the signalling mechanisms affected in these diseases are the same mechanisms that occur during
embryonic heart
development, their
study is a subject
of great interest and relevance.
The
study could provide clues to the genetic code that controls the expression
of genes, and may also further our understanding
of embryonic development and diseases such as cancer.