In order for
subaerial volcanoes to warm the ocean, they would have to be erupting on orders of magnitude larger than observed.
The transitions from subaqueous
from subaerial deposits are called passage zones and define the high stands of englacial lakes.
Coastal erosion is common phrase referring to the loss of
subaerial landmass into a sea or lake due to natural processes such as waves, winds and tides, or even due to human interference.
ABSTRACT BODY: The high - latitude, shallow ESAS has been
alternately subaerial and inundated with seawater during glacial and interglacial periods respectively.
In formerly glaciated regions, the Holocene has been a time for the reinstitution of ordinary processes of
subaerial erosion and progressive reoccupation by a flora and fauna.
In ignoring faults and thaw - taliks, this model — ``... the first simulation of the full methane cycle on the Siberian continental margin» — neglects those surface, subsurface, subaqueous, and
subaerial pathways through which methane moves rapidly through permafrost, as observed in ESAS (e.g., Shakhova et al., 2010, 2017).
Present - day carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions
from subaerial and submarine volcanoes are uncertain at the present time.
Subaerial volcanoes are estimated to emit 242 million tonnes of CO2 per year (Mörner and Etiope (2002)-RRB-.
This estimate includes both
subaerial and submarine volcanoes, about in equal amounts.
The greater contribution comes from
subaerial volcanoes (subaerial means «under the air», referring to land volcanoes).
Yet the USGS glibly claims that Gerlach's estimate includes both
subaerial and submarine volcanoes in roughly equal amounts.