The Andes were formed by tectonic activity whereby earth is uplifted as one plate (oceanic crust)
subducts under another plate (continental crust).
Not exact matches
Off the east coast of New Zealand, the Pacific
plate is
subducting under the Australian
plate.
Often, one
plate gets
subducted under another and sinks into the mantle beneath, while elsewhere, new rocks rise to the surface.
Jones and his colleagues propose the water came from the
subducting Farallon oceanic
plate under the Pacific Ocean 75 to 45 million years ago.
On the hot young Earth, the outer layer was too weak and soft for
plate tectonics to operate until the upper mantle cooled enough to allow sections of crust to slip
under each other, or
subduct, at collision zones some 3.2 to 2.5 billion years ago.
The research, published in the journal Nature Geoscience, found that the Earth's largest flat slab, located beneath Peru, where the oceanic Nazca
Plate is being
subducted under the continental South American
Plate, may be relatively weak and deforms easily.