Finally, we come to the much more
subjective element of design and build.
Under
the subjective element of the Twinsectra test, it was — on one reading — necessary for the defendant to be conscious that the transaction fell below the normally acceptable standard of honest conduct.
Fear for safety is
a subjective element of the offence.
I look forward to seeing how this attempt to contractualize a very emotional and
subjective element of an employee's life plays out.
This where the most
subjective element of photography comes in — how your eye interprets the quality of color, the photo's sharpness, and so on.
This is
the subjective element of our lives.
In the twentieth century, the Austrian school of economics — notably Ludwig von Mises and Friedrich Hayek — became famous for stressing
the subjective element of economic life, particularly in personal action, and more especially in the personal act of enterprise.
Science does this by excluding from its consideration
all subjective elements of nature, mind, and conscious feeling.
The new unity goes deep, It implies a continuity in origin of
the subjective elements of individuals which we recognize so clearly in our human experience.
This process combines the outcomes orientation of student test scores with the more
subjective elements of classroom observations.
Closely related to tachisme is Lyrical Abstraction, a softer type of abstract painting, that eliminated some of the more
subjective elements of Art Informel - a style exemplified by Nicolas de Stael (1914 - 1955), Jean Paul Riopelle (1923 - 2002) and the colourist Patrick Heron (1920 - 99).
Not exact matches
The model is both objective, using
elements such as volatility
of past operating revenues, financial strength, and company cash flows, and
subjective, including expected equities market returns, future interest rates, implied industry outlook and forecasted company earnings.
If the situation is such that it truly compromises in an irresistible way the liberty
of the person, then he is in the grace
of God, since the
subjective elements for mortal sin are lacking.
In this passage the deductive argument, which treats each
element of the situation as a separate event, has been overshadowed by a fabric
of subjective relationships among
elements treated as constituents
of one complex process.
The sense in which a prehension is a concrete
element divided out
of an actual entity requires the prehension to be partial with respect to its
subjective form.
These contrasts add to the
subjective intensity
of the passage
of the Bill as an actual event and function as dynamic
elements in a narrative.
(Though to call them visions» is to emphasize unduly the
subjective element in the experience, and to raise a whole series
of modern questions.
They have a
subjective element in that it does not make sense to speak
of values apart from valuing subjects.
Despite the existential
element in the proclamation, it is the historical testimony
of those earliest this - worldly witnesses, and not their
subjective faith, that distinguishes Christianity from many other faiths.
Reader - response criticism thus accounts for the different understandings
of and reactions to the «same» text by different readers by claiming a necessary place for the
subjective element in reading.
For example, a nexus is repeated if, and only if, its constituent actualities are repeated; also, if an actuality is repeated, then at least some
element of its
subjective form is also repeated.
Religious experience has an organic structure which can be analyzed in terms
of the physical and conceptual feelings correlative to the generality
of values perceived, and the
subjective forms appropriate to each feeling
element.
It corresponds to Whitehead's category
of subjective intensity which states that the subject's «anticipatory feeling respecting provision for its grade
of intensity» is an
element «affecting the immediate complex
of feeling» (PR 41).
The
subjective form in a particular actual entity, he tells us, unlike the abstract eternal object, is an «
element in the private definiteness
of that actuality» (PR 444), and the
subjective form can not be torn apart from its particular subject without becoming a mere universal (PR 354, 356).
It is a special
element in the
subjective form
of some feelings.
«E.g., that the feelings which arise in various phases
of a concrescence be compatible for integration; that no
element in a concrescence can finally (in the «satisfaction») have two disjoined roles; that no two
elements can finally have the same role; that every physical feeling gives rise to a corresponding conceptual feeling: that there is secondary origination
of variant conceptual feeling; and that the
subjective forms (valuations)
of the conceptual feelings are mutually determined by their aptness for being joint
elements in the satisfaction aimed at.
This final integration
of subjective form does not obviate the role
of the individual
subjective form
of a particular occasion, however, since «the consequent nature
of God is composed
of a multiplicity
of elements with individual self - realization» (PR 531; italics added).
Whitehead's exceedingly strong distinctions between
subjective and objective dimensions
of the transmission
of feelings, and the final and efficient causality therein involved, fall into the category
of this infection
of thought by modes
of discrimination between individually conceivable things or
elements of things.66
Since these special events must be received and understood as being revelatory, there is
of course a
subjective element in revelation.
Technology is the objective side
of human action whose origin and raison d'etre is found in the
subjective element: the worker himself.
On the other hand his control and efficacy operate not by arbitrary (that is to say, independent and «omnipotent») overruling, nor by being the only active
elements in the occasion; but by the persuasive molding
of new possibilities, by redirecting the pressures
of prior actualities, by providing new opportunity for advance, and by offering the «lure» which evokes from each occasion in the ongoing process the movement towards satisfaction
of its «
subjective aim».
As such he was one
of the formative
elements of the world, and not an actuality like the actual occasions enjoying his own
subjective immediacy.
For on his own principles if there were not some kind
of awareness
of causal efficacy, there would be no warrant for making statements about it: «Nothing is to be received into the philosophical scheme which is not discoverable as an
element in
subjective experience» (PR 166/253).
Hence, as Leclerc implies, an actual entity's prehension
of a common
element of form is not simply a
subjective «perception»
of that form for its own concrescence, but simultaneously an active correlating
of itself with other actual entities in that society so as to constitute a new reality, a higher level
of existence and activity.
This introduces an entirely new
element, which completely transcends natural science, as can be seen, for instance, from the fact that the affirmations
of natural science are intrinsically transsubjective in character — that is to say, they are entirely independent
of man's
subjective understanding
of himself.
Accordingly, on the basis
of the empiricist doctrine (which Whitehead accepts) «that nothing is to be received into the philosophical scheme which is not discoverable as an
element in
subjective experience,» the subjectivist principle entails that the notion
of causal influence between actualities must be dismissed (PR 253).
In regard to his doctrine
of ingression, Whitehead distinguished three different ways in which an eternal object can function in the concrescence
of an actual entity:» (i) it can be an
element in the definiteness
of some objectified nexus, or
of some single actual entity, which is the datum
of a feeling; (ii) it can be an
element in the definiteness
of the
subjective form
of some feeling; or (iii) it can be an
element in the datum
of a conceptual, or propositional, feeling» (PR 290 / 445).
All these instances
of form fall under the «objective» species
of eternal objects — the mathematical «Platonic forms» — or the «
subjective» species: «an
element in the definiteness
of the
subjective form
of a feeling.
Lévy - Soussan believes that in order to be successful, adoption must lead to a psychological filiation that «allows for a nexus
of the three
elements that are basic to any society: the biological, the social, and the
subjective dimensions specific to human beings.
In virtue
of this common aim these
elements participate in an overarching
subjective unity directed toward that goal.
Ian T. Ramsey speaks
of a «cosmic disclosure, an
element of transcendence in both the objective reference and in our own
subjective response and commitment.»
We are not conscious
of the individual feeling tones that constitute the
subjective forms
of those prehensions or
of the individual
elements that go into the composition
of our mentality.
For Merleau - Ponty, all the
elements in an environment influence a person in some way, but a person's
subjective attitude toward the
elements conditions those
elements, and the person's decision about his environment feeds back into the environment in such a way that the surrounding world would not be the world it is without the conditioning subjectivity
of the surrounded decider.
Elements of this orthodoxy were retained in subsequent changes such as in the next big movement, known as pietism, which emphasized the
subjective aspect
of individual salvation as contrasted with intellectual acceptance
of doctrines.
Concrescence is the adjusting process
of the diverse
elements among themselves, and with the
subjective aim.
About the
subjective aim
of God's consequent nature Whitehead says: «His primordial nature directs such perspectives
of objectification [in his consequent nature] that each novel actuality in the temporal world contributes such
elements as it can to a realization in God free from inhibitions
of intensity by reason
of discordance» (PR 88, italics added).
To them, the religio - scientific inquiry
of the history
of religions is an important tool to develop an adequate philosophy
of religion, which transcends the regional and
subjective elements involved in all religious systems.
There is a third group who hold that the history
of religions does not take seriously enough the
subjective elements involved in the study
of various religions.
All the
elements of concrescence may mutually adjust themselves, including the «formative»
subjective aim (PR 224/342).
Readings which explain other variants, but are not contrariwise to be explained by the others, merit our preference; but this is a very subtle process, involving intangible
elements, and liable to
subjective judgement on the part
of the critic.