Two biologists and one philosopher argue that the psychical, or mental, or
subjective elements in reality are more fundamental than the physical, material, or objective elements.
(Though to call them visions» is to emphasize unduly
the subjective element in the experience, and to raise a whole series of modern questions.
They have
a subjective element in that it does not make sense to speak of values apart from valuing subjects.
Reader - response criticism thus accounts for the different understandings of and reactions to the «same» text by different readers by claiming a necessary place for
the subjective element in reading.
Since these special events must be received and understood as being revelatory, there is of course
a subjective element in revelation.
Every happening can yield knowledge; but knowledge depends in part on
the subjective element in our encounter with the world.
Not exact matches
Once you get
in there and look, you find things like human factors and other
subjective elements that are opportunities for improvement.»
If the situation is such that it truly compromises
in an irresistible way the liberty of the person, then he is
in the grace of God, since the
subjective elements for mortal sin are lacking.
In this passage the deductive argument, which treats each
element of the situation as a separate event, has been overshadowed by a fabric of
subjective relationships among
elements treated as constituents of one complex process.
The sense
in which a prehension is a concrete
element divided out of an actual entity requires the prehension to be partial with respect to its
subjective form.
These contrasts add to the
subjective intensity of the passage of the Bill as an actual event and function as dynamic
elements in a narrative.
Despite the existential
element in the proclamation, it is the historical testimony of those earliest this - worldly witnesses, and not their
subjective faith, that distinguishes Christianity from many other faiths.
«Nothing is to be received into the philosophical scheme which is not discoverable as an
element in subjective experience» (PR 166).»
It also accepts Hume's doctrine that nothing is to be received into the philosophical scheme which is not discoverable as an
element in subjective experience» (PR 253).
Religious experience has an organic structure which can be analyzed
in terms of the physical and conceptual feelings correlative to the generality of values perceived, and the
subjective forms appropriate to each feeling
element.
The
subjective form
in a particular actual entity, he tells us, unlike the abstract eternal object, is an «
element in the private definiteness of that actuality» (PR 444), and the
subjective form can not be torn apart from its particular subject without becoming a mere universal (PR 354, 356).
It is a special
element in the
subjective form of some feelings.
«E.g., that the feelings which arise
in various phases of a concrescence be compatible for integration; that no
element in a concrescence can finally (
in the «satisfaction») have two disjoined roles; that no two
elements can finally have the same role; that every physical feeling gives rise to a corresponding conceptual feeling: that there is secondary origination of variant conceptual feeling; and that the
subjective forms (valuations) of the conceptual feelings are mutually determined by their aptness for being joint
elements in the satisfaction aimed at.
In the twentieth century, the Austrian school of economics — notably Ludwig von Mises and Friedrich Hayek — became famous for stressing the subjective element of economic life, particularly in personal action, and more especially in the personal act of enterpris
In the twentieth century, the Austrian school of economics — notably Ludwig von Mises and Friedrich Hayek — became famous for stressing the
subjective element of economic life, particularly
in personal action, and more especially in the personal act of enterpris
in personal action, and more especially
in the personal act of enterpris
in the personal act of enterprise.
Technology is the objective side of human action whose origin and raison d'etre is found
in the
subjective element: the worker himself.
On the other hand his control and efficacy operate not by arbitrary (that is to say, independent and «omnipotent») overruling, nor by being the only active
elements in the occasion; but by the persuasive molding of new possibilities, by redirecting the pressures of prior actualities, by providing new opportunity for advance, and by offering the «lure» which evokes from each occasion
in the ongoing process the movement towards satisfaction of its «
subjective aim».
For on his own principles if there were not some kind of awareness of causal efficacy, there would be no warrant for making statements about it: «Nothing is to be received into the philosophical scheme which is not discoverable as an
element in subjective experience» (PR 166/253).
Hence, as Leclerc implies, an actual entity's prehension of a common
element of form is not simply a
subjective «perception» of that form for its own concrescence, but simultaneously an active correlating of itself with other actual entities
in that society so as to constitute a new reality, a higher level of existence and activity.
This introduces an entirely new
element, which completely transcends natural science, as can be seen, for instance, from the fact that the affirmations of natural science are intrinsically transsubjective
in character — that is to say, they are entirely independent of man's
subjective understanding of himself.
Accordingly, on the basis of the empiricist doctrine (which Whitehead accepts) «that nothing is to be received into the philosophical scheme which is not discoverable as an
element in subjective experience,» the subjectivist principle entails that the notion of causal influence between actualities must be dismissed (PR 253).
The new unity goes deep, It implies a continuity
in origin of the
subjective elements of individuals which we recognize so clearly
in our human experience.
In regard to his doctrine of ingression, Whitehead distinguished three different ways in which an eternal object can function in the concrescence of an actual entity:» (i) it can be an element in the definiteness of some objectified nexus, or of some single actual entity, which is the datum of a feeling; (ii) it can be an element in the definiteness of the subjective form of some feeling; or (iii) it can be an element in the datum of a conceptual, or propositional, feeling» (PR 290 / 445
In regard to his doctrine of ingression, Whitehead distinguished three different ways
in which an eternal object can function in the concrescence of an actual entity:» (i) it can be an element in the definiteness of some objectified nexus, or of some single actual entity, which is the datum of a feeling; (ii) it can be an element in the definiteness of the subjective form of some feeling; or (iii) it can be an element in the datum of a conceptual, or propositional, feeling» (PR 290 / 445
in which an eternal object can function
in the concrescence of an actual entity:» (i) it can be an element in the definiteness of some objectified nexus, or of some single actual entity, which is the datum of a feeling; (ii) it can be an element in the definiteness of the subjective form of some feeling; or (iii) it can be an element in the datum of a conceptual, or propositional, feeling» (PR 290 / 445
in the concrescence of an actual entity:» (i) it can be an
element in the definiteness of some objectified nexus, or of some single actual entity, which is the datum of a feeling; (ii) it can be an element in the definiteness of the subjective form of some feeling; or (iii) it can be an element in the datum of a conceptual, or propositional, feeling» (PR 290 / 445
in the definiteness of some objectified nexus, or of some single actual entity, which is the datum of a feeling; (ii) it can be an
element in the definiteness of the subjective form of some feeling; or (iii) it can be an element in the datum of a conceptual, or propositional, feeling» (PR 290 / 445
in the definiteness of the
subjective form of some feeling; or (iii) it can be an
element in the datum of a conceptual, or propositional, feeling» (PR 290 / 445
in the datum of a conceptual, or propositional, feeling» (PR 290 / 445).
All these instances of form fall under the «objective» species of eternal objects — the mathematical «Platonic forms» — or the «
subjective» species: «an
element in the definiteness of the
subjective form of a feeling.
Later on, he relates it to Hume's doctrine «that nothing is to be received into the philosophical scheme which is not discoverable as an
element in subjective experience.
Lévy - Soussan believes that
in order to be successful, adoption must lead to a psychological filiation that «allows for a nexus of the three
elements that are basic to any society: the biological, the social, and the
subjective dimensions specific to human beings.
From the very beginning it belongs to the self - creating entity as its «
subjective aim» and is an essential
element in its «satisfaction» (PR 150/227).
In virtue of this common aim these elements participate in an overarching subjective unity directed toward that goa
In virtue of this common aim these
elements participate
in an overarching subjective unity directed toward that goa
in an overarching
subjective unity directed toward that goal.
This purposive
element Whitehead affirms as present
in every occasion and is what he calls its «
subjective aim.»
Ian T. Ramsey speaks of a «cosmic disclosure, an
element of transcendence
in both the objective reference and
in our own
subjective response and commitment.»
For Merleau - Ponty, all the
elements in an environment influence a person
in some way, but a person's
subjective attitude toward the
elements conditions those
elements, and the person's decision about his environment feeds back into the environment
in such a way that the surrounding world would not be the world it is without the conditioning subjectivity of the surrounded decider.
Elements of this orthodoxy were retained
in subsequent changes such as
in the next big movement, known as pietism, which emphasized the
subjective aspect of individual salvation as contrasted with intellectual acceptance of doctrines.
A prehension has several
elements: an actual entity which is felt or prehended by another entity; the entity which prehends the first actual occasion; and the «
subjective form» (PR 338), or unique way
in which the second occasion prehends the first one.
About the
subjective aim of God's consequent nature Whitehead says: «His primordial nature directs such perspectives of objectification [
in his consequent nature] that each novel actuality
in the temporal world contributes such
elements as it can to a realization
in God free from inhibitions of intensity by reason of discordance» (PR 88, italics added).
To them, the religio - scientific inquiry of the history of religions is an important tool to develop an adequate philosophy of religion, which transcends the regional and
subjective elements involved
in all religious systems.
There is a third group who hold that the history of religions does not take seriously enough the
subjective elements involved
in the study of various religions.
All
elements, including the
subjective aim, undergo reciprocal modification
in the concrescive activity.
Individuals make
subjective connections between different
elements,» explained Stella - Marie Paradisis, a doctoral student
in psychology at the University of Montreal and lead author of the study.
This where the most
subjective element of photography comes
in — how your eye interprets the quality of color, the photo's sharpness, and so on.
What attracted critical minds like Jacques Rivette, Eric Rohmer, and others to Nicholas Ray and his oeuvre — bored stiff as they were by the risk - averse, respectable, and ultimately neutered «cinema of quality» — was the stamp of the personal and the
element of danger they discerned
in his films, whether that meant the improvisatory handling of actors with a touch deft enough to coax remarkable performances out of even non-professionals; the «superior clumsiness,» cited by Rivette
in «Notes on a Revolution,» resulting
in «a discontinuous, abrupt technique that refuses the conventions of classical editing and continuity»; or the purely visual flourishes Ray relished — ranging from the sweeping, vertiginous helicopter - mounted shots
in They Live By Night to disorienting,
subjective POV compositions like the «rolling camera» during a car crash halfway through On Dangerous Ground, its very title indicating the source of Ray's critical appeal.
Perhaps I am a cinic, but are the
subjective elements only
in the magazine and not online to make sure I also buy the magazine?
There is a third, more
subjective,
element to an intrinsic value calculation that can be either positive or negative: the efficacy with which retained earnings will be deployed
in the future.
Following a different course, Brenda Miller's Nesting Congruents series (1980) investigates cubic and architectural space, but through the medium of photography and with the subtle introduction of
subjective elements such as an occasional body standing
in a doorway.
Based on the
subjective memory of testimonies from victims, Argentinean artist Marcelo Grosman's «Menor 14 — 18, # 6» (2013) provides
elements of different mug shots
in a large - scale digital composite photographic series entitled «GUILTY!»
Whatever the form
in which her works exist they become observations about existing protocols, as well as
subjective elements looking for a fundamental transformation.
These blurred boundaries offer a subtle reminder, acutely relevant
in this context, that science involves
subjective elements, and that art plays a critical role
in the production of historical knowledge.