The bias in using
subjective reports in parent involvement research should be a serious concern.
Not exact matches
Princeton University researchers
report in the journal Science that facial expressions can be ambiguous and
subjective when viewed independently.
In a letter to Missal, Shulkin said the
report ignores key evidence and «draws conclusions based on
subjective and arbitrary criteria.»
He asserted that the
subjective reports of those who spent time
in the Institute's sensitivity and encounter groups were consistently glowing.
(This list is
subjective, and based on news
reports rather than peer - reviewed articles
in scientific publications.)
While it can be used to
report subjective experience («I felt sublime
in church today») it has no place
in extrapolating this
subjective experience to external assertions about the structure of the universe («I felt sublime
in church today, THEREFORE there exists a supernatural agent who acted upon me
in a such a way as to make me feel sublime»).
It is rather magic to combine
subjective reports with an insight of what is actually happening
in the brain.»
«Although some of the data used to compile the rankings is
subjective in its
reporting, the
report highlights the fact that community health is the responsibility of the entire public health system comprised of individuals, schools, non-profits, faith - based organizations, and public safety, as well as health care providers,» Gilmore said.
A neuropsychoanalytic approach, combining
subjective reports and objective measurements, could be used to explore a big mystery
in current neurobiology: the purpose of the recently discovered «default mode network.»
Many researchers have
reported recent progress
in identifying possible blood biomarkers for concussion — an advance sought because diagnosis is currently limited to cognitive measures that can be
subjective.
Participants also
reported lower levels of
subjective sleepiness and improvement
in well - being at both follow - ups.
For example,
in the first study, people who were told that other participants included coffee experts — a more knowledgeable group —
reported lower
subjective knowledge than participants who believed that they were being compared to teenagers — a less knowledgeable group.
In a
report last August a research team at the University of Michigan measured placebo - related brain chemistry for the first time, moving the effect beyond the realm of
subjective observation.
Second languages used extensively
in an immersion context are subjectively experienced as emotional and elicit autonomic responding consistent with the
subjective report of emotional arousal.
Researchers could use self -
reporting to gather data, but self -
reported surveys — the only data presented
in the Yarhouse and Stanton study — can be highly
subjective and notoriously unreliable.
The research team, led by professor Kazuyo Tsuzuki, had the subjects sleep
in two bedrooms set to the same temperature using ACs set at different airflow velocities, then made a comparison of the depth of sleep and body temperature control using electroencephalogram (EEG) measurements as well as
subjective reporting by the subjects.
Allen and his team note that research on green buildings is still
in its infancy, with most studies relying on self -
reported measures collected through surveys or questionnaires that are
subjective.
The neurons we
report in this article fire exactly to this, to the
subjective perception by the subjects, not to the features of the faces they were seeing.»
The
report also delves into existing literature that traces how
subjective judgments by latent fingerprint examiners can influence their findings, particularly when they are exposed
in advance of their analysis to information about an underlying criminal investigation or shown an existing fingerprint of a suspect.
«Understanding the magnitude of this bias is essential
in accurately interpreting survey results that include
subjective reports of feelings and symptoms,» says Patrick Shrout, a professor
in New York University's Department of Psychology and a co-author of the paper, which appears
in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS).
«Furthermore, the psychedelic nature of ibogaine tends to induce a dream - like state
in which many
report autobiographical
subjective experiences, like watching their life as a movie from the vantage point of an observer,» Malcolm continued.
These are largely based on
reports of
subjective emotional experiences and the temporal relationships between different
reported states, and suggest that these states can be represented as locations
in two - or three - dimensional space (figure 1).
A 2015 Cochrane review of current research on cryotherapy also came to a similar conclusion: «There is insufficient evidence to determine whether whole - body cryotherapy (WBC) reduces self -
reported muscle soreness or improves
subjective recovery after exercise compared with passive rest or no WBC... Further high - quality, well -
reported research
in this area is required and must provide detailed
reporting of adverse events.»
Ginger: Some claim it has an anti-inflammatory effect and there are some anecdotal,
subjective reports of improvement
in asthma, but it has not been shown to improve pulmonary function.
The percent of time during which their esophageal pH was very low (highly acidic) was cut
in half, and they
reported significant improvements
in their symptoms via a standard GERD questionnaire that assesses
subjective feelings of heartburn, pressure or discomfort inside the chest, a sour taste
in the mouth, frequent gurgling
in the stomach, nausea, a feeling of pressure or a burning sensation
in the throat, belching, flatulence, and more (21).
Electroencephalography data, recorded for three - minute periods before, during, and after the aromatherapy sessions, showed that frontal beta 2 power, associated with drowsiness, increased after sessions
in both groups, while frontal alpha power, associated with relaxation and drowsiness, increased significantly after the lavender sessions, but decreased after the rosemary sessions, which provided some physiologic support for the
subjective reports of reduced anxiety
in both groups and the
reported increased alertness
in the rosemary group.
Regardless of the degree or range of motion an individual may achieve,
subjective positivity
reported with foam rolling give evidence to support implementing foam rolling to achieve increases
in hip extension range of motion before physical activity.
Yes, film criticism is
subjective, and
in the interest of good journalism, I must
report that many critics I respect are entertained by this movie, and I even believe that Perry will have a successful directing career.
By comparing individuals»
subjective interpretations and feelings (through interviews) with large scale data (
in reports) and laws (outlined by human rights and Thai national laws), the research utilizes the triangulation approach to come up with a study that attempts to respect both the micro (individual) and macro (context) and therefore paint the human faces of displaced persons affected by factors beyond their control (conflict
in Myanmar and Thai politics and law).
When compared with such crude indicators, the combination of student achievement gains on state tests, student surveys, and classroom observations identified teachers with better outcomes on every measure we tested: state tests and supplemental tests as well as more
subjective measures, such as student -
reported effort and enjoyment
in class.
Catalyst
reports that
in Matteson School District 162, which Davis serves as schools superintendent, «very few students are held back and the process is
subjective, done
in consultation with teachers, parents and principals.
EBSA was at least open to the first two (though not commenting directly, since they are currently
in the process of recrafting those regulations), though it resisted the last as being a «very complicated and
subjective undertaking which could affect a plan sponsor's decision to offer any target date fund option (s),» according to EBSA's response to the GAO
report.
A
subjective report is one
in which you can't tell 2 knots from 1000 knots because there are no numbers at all.
The assignment of probability - likelihood - certainty is not statistically based on data, rather it is
subjective opinion — of one or several IPCC leads — who
in fact totally control of
report content -LRB-... although government final reviewers also have final call / edit of the IPCC
report).
Indeed, there are examples
in IPCC
reports of willingness to acknowledge the importance of expert (
subjective) judgment, if on a limited basis (e.g., see discussions of climate sensitivity, detection and attribution and climate and weather extremes
in WGI
report, assessment of response strategies
in the WGII
report of AR4; see also Knutti and Hegerl (2008) for futher details on the role of expert judgement
in estimating climate sensitivity).
And the
report discusses the
subjective value of nature
in terms of the «amenity» seemingly provided by green space.
The Guidance Note for Lead Authors of the IPCC Fifth Assessment
Report on Consistent Treatment of Uncertainties impose upon the lead authors to assign
subjective levels of confidence to their findings: «The AR5 will rely on two metrics for communicating the degree of certainty
in key findings: 1 Confidence
in the validity of a finding, based on the type, amount, quality, and consistency of evidence (e.g., mechanistic understanding, theory, data, models, expert judgment) and the degree of agreement.
Firstly, that it was
subjective to the point of being arbitrary, and secondly that the
report quoted (many times) that climate sensitivity was likely to be
in the range of ΔTx2 = 1.5 to 4.5 ° K, and yet the CMIP3 models spanned a range from 2.1 to 5.
The probabilistic analyses of DAI
reported in this section draw substantially on (
subjective) Bayesian probabilities to describe key uncertainties
in the climate system, such as climate sensitivity, the rate of oceanic heat uptake, current radiative forcing, and indirect aerosol forcing.
On the other hand, plaintiffs who exaggerate their injuries or seek to manipulate the process by avoiding appointments and engaging
in subjective reporting of their injuries will frequently be punished with lower damage awards.
Best practices provide for the business objectives to be (i) communicated
in writing to the vendor; (ii) measured, monitored and
reported upon periodically; (iii) objective
in nature (as opposed to being
subjective).
Video surveillance seems to be especially prevalent
in cases involving claims for chronic pain because the
reporting of chronic pain to medical professionals is often seen by insurance adjusters to be «
subjective,» and thus subject to challenge.
Medical professionals must rely on the
subjective reports of plaintiffs
in assessing their condition.
They do not put much weight on the complaints that you self -
report to them because they consider these complaints to be
subjective in nature.
For instance, if the symptoms you are suffering are more
subjective in nature or are «self -
reported» and the insurer does not accept the claim as your symptoms can not be proven objectively.
Indeed, given all the qualifications
in the
Report, it appears a conflicted and potentially self - serving self - assessment of worth — especially as estimate reliability is largely based on
subjective assessment ranging from good to very poor by the
Report's authors.
There was also a significant difference
in subjective depressive symptoms, with the at - risk group
reporting a higher level of
subjective depressive symptoms (measured using CES - D) than the not - at - risk.
Two separate moderated regression models were tested for each indicator of quality of life using the SPSS 17.0 statistical software package; one model tested the moderating role of marital quality
in the effects of self -
reported (
subjective) vision controlling for visual acuity (objective vision) and the second tested the same
in the effects of objective vision controlling for
subjective vision.
Such discordance between
subjective and objective assessments of vision has been
reported in earlier research (Fors, Thorslund, & Parker, 2006) and thus including both assessments when available
in statistical models is desirable.
The measurement of this is very
subjective, but
in the world of mental health self -
report, or the
subjective, felt sense is the recognized standard.