Water vapor can transport a lot of heat, so when Ceres formed 4.6 billion years ago,
sublimation of water ice might have dissipated much of its heat into space, Campins and Comfort wrote.
Of particular interest is a bright pit on the floor of crater Occator that exhibits probable
sublimation of water ice, producing haze clouds inside the crater that appear and disappear with a diurnal rhythm.
«We detected strong indications of
the sublimation of water ice due to the increased solar heating — similar to how the tail of a comet is created,» explains Jessica Agarwal (Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, Germany), the team leader and main author of the research paper.
Not exact matches
The
water is likely erupting from icy volcanoes or
sublimation of ice into clouds
of vapor.
«The product is first frozen, then the
sublimation process converts the
ice into
water vapor, removing most
of the moisture from the product while keeping the nutritional value virtually the same,» Milchman says, adding that this is a fairly recent innovation in food preservation, one that offers several benefits over other methods, such as using artificial preservatives or dehydration, which can affect the appearance and composition
of products.
The physical processes by which energy might be added into the glacier material include: (A) convection between the glacier surfaces and local surrounding atmosphere and
water, (B) direct radiation onto the exposed surfaces
of the material, (C) addition
of material that is at a temperature higher than the melting temperature onto the top
of the glacier (rain, say), (D)
Sublimation of the
ice directly into the atmosphere, and (E) conduction into the material from the contact areas between the glacier and surrounding solid material.
Losses from surface melting,
water runoff, the breakup
of glaciers into the ocean (calving), and the transformation
of solid
ice into
water vapor (
sublimation) exceed any gains through snowfall.2, 3,4,5 The Greenland
ice sheet loses most
of its mass on the perimeter, through a dozen fast - moving glaciers, including Helheim.5, 6
There is nothing in the phase transition from solid
ice, or liquid
water, to H2O vapor by
sublimation or evaporation; that suddenly turns off the ability
of those molecules to emit a BB like thermal continuum radiation spectrum according to Planck formula and other applicable laws (don't forget the emissivity).