Sentences with phrase «subsistence use»

In places where work is scarce there may be increased pressure on natural resources for subsistence use including fuelwood harvesting and slash - and - burn cultivation.

Subsistence benchmark scale rates To reduce the burden on employers, from April 2019 they will no longer be required to check receipts when reimbursing employees for subsistence using benchmark scale rates.

Not exact matches

The 45 - day Call seeks to gather information about specific areas within the Beaufort Sea Planning Area that have the most promising oil and gas resource potential, while also increasing the agency's understanding about environmentally sensitive habitats and important social and cultural uses — including vital Alaska Native subsistence activities — that also exist within the area.

Diao added that while cash transfers have been used in humanitarian contexts before, this initiative is a significant departure from the status quo because they're giving families transformative amounts of money versus small, subsistence amounts.

Before Spanish colonization, the natives cultivated the soil using rudimentary, subsistence - level methods; therefore, the exploited geographic areas were very limited.

The term leisure (and the use of other related words yet to be defined, e.g., play, festivity, games, etc.) might best be limited to refer only to Clawson's «fun activities,» with a more neutral term such as discretionary time being used to indicate those moments or hours free from subsistence activity.

The word hypostasis literally means «one subsistence or substance», although, to add to the complication, it was used in rather different senses by different theologians.

When he retiress he has no home and no equity to use to buy one, too many retired pastors live on less than subsistence levels.

As land once used for subsistence farming is transferred to plantations growing food for export, the GNP is likely to rise, but the ability of ordinary people to feed themselves declines.

While archaeobotanists and archaeologists today have a much clearer picture of the range of foods used by ancient peoples of Mesoamerica in their daily subsistence and dietary practices, the information on the nature, extent, structure, and timing of chili pepper use or consumption in the archaeological record remains scant.

Many of these animals are fierce predators that sit atop the food web, but Laidre's team found that they are also important subsistence resources: Arctic people hunt nearly 80 % of the studied populations for food and other uses.

Regenerative practices like those used on the farms and ranches I visited show that we can readily improve soil fertility on both large farms in the U.S. and on small subsistence farms in the tropics.

Use of a range of wild species of fruit, vegetables, condiments and medicines, as well as wild animal - sourced foods, increase the likelihood that subsistence farmers with access to natural ecosystems meet their nutrition and health needs.

«In this high mountain desert, water is a critically precious resource and the use of metal - polluted waters for irrigation may have substantial detrimental impacts on the lives of subsistence farmers,» said Bill Strosnider, researcher on the project.

The winners are Sakhiwe Shongwe and Bonkhe Mahlalela, both 14, and their winning project explores an affordable way to provide hydroponics to poor subsistence farmers, enabling them to grow their crops and vegetables in very large quantities and within limited space without using soil.

Those who depend for their subsistence chiefly on a milk diet prefer to use it sour, and medical authority endorses their choice.»

Alternatives include collecting valuable data from subsistence harvests, using remote methods to track changes in habitat, and selecting specific subpopulations as indicators.

Social, technological, and subsistence behaviors and pigment use emerged during human evolution more than 300,000 years ago.

Petrie comments that «we argue that rather than being forced to intensify or diversify subsistence practices in response to climatic change, we have evidence for the use of millet, rice, and tropical pulses in the pre-urban and urban phases of the Indus Civilization.

It has long been hypothesized that there was variation in the subsistence practices used by Indus populations and this fits with the theme of coping with diverse environments.

The calculation model the authors used includes economic benefits for producers and consumers as well as the benefits of reduced malnutrition among subsistence farm - households often not explicitly considered in previous studies.

With, literally, entire discs full of extras, a new camera within the main game, the two original Metal Gear titles and an Online mode that finally makes full use of the PS2 broadband adapter, Subsistence is a game that should be in everyone's PS2 collection.

Far from needing many more college graduates, which would push wages even further down, we need an economy where people who work full time without a degree can survive well above subsistence level and closer to their college educated peers as they used to before 1980.

The reason is that the lower quintiles spend more of their income on subsistence and have a lower percentage of disposable income for use in wealth building.

It wasn't until two years later, in 2006 when the Subsistence version of the game came out, similar to MGS2's Substance, more content was available for the newer remake and basically rendered the first one use less.

Going further back, you can also use accounts of where cold - sensitive crops were grown (e.g., vineyards in medieval England), and of subsistence farms being established and then failing in marginal areas, such as the south of Greenland.

travelling would be reduced much (since fossils go out of production), many people started subsistence gardening, using biodegradable materials throughout the system.

Human subsistence and land use in sub-Saharan Africa, 1000 BC to AD 1500: A review, quantification, and classification

It is claimed these new plantations can be created across «marginal» and «degraded» land in «which the occupants are not engaged in economic activity», meaning land used by subsistence farmers, pastoralists, hunters and gatherers and others not producing commodities for the mass market.

Osbourne, who has put in years studying carbon forestry in a Mayan community in the Lacandon Jungle of Chiapas, finds that «when the carbon market enters forest ecosystems, it targets land uses of low market value, which in many developing countries is derived from subsistence needs.»

There is substantial new information that ocean acidification, rising ocean temperatures, declining sea ice, and other environmental changes are affecting the location and abundance of marine fish, including those that are commercially important, those used as food by other species, and those used for subsistence.16, 17,18,19,20,21 However, the relative importance of these potential causes of change is highly uncertain.

Permanent infrastructure and specified property rights increasingly constrain people's ability to safely use their environment for subsistence and other activities.

Ocean acidification, rising ocean temperatures, declining sea ice, and other environmental changes interact to affect the location and abundance of marine fish, including those that are commercially important, those used as food by other species, and those used for subsistence.16, 17,18,122,19,20,21 These changes have allowed some near - surface fish species such as salmon to expand their ranges northward along the Alaskan coast.124, 125,126 In addition, non-native species are invading Alaskan waters more rapidly, primarily through ships releasing ballast waters and bringing southerly species to Alaska.5, 127 These species introductions could affect marine ecosystems, including the feeding relationships of fish important to commercial and subsistence fisheries.

Huntington's research activities include reviewing the regulation of subsistence hunting in northern Alaska, documenting traditional ecological knowledge of beluga whales and bowhead whales, examining Iñupiat Eskimo and Inuit knowledge and use of sea ice, and assessing the impacts of climate change on Arctic communities and Arctic marine mammals.

These products allow the community to earn income while lessening their dependance on subsistence farming and without converting land for agricultural uses like palm oil and cattle, which are two major drivers of deforestation in Guatemala.

With the tagline «Coffee with a Conscience,» the San Francisco, Calif. company — which, oddly enough, has co-opted the Statue of Liberty in its logo — wants to use the niche marketing of specialty roasts to enable subsistence coffee growers to improve their livelihoods and emerge from poverty.

I would say that making the food, fuel and energy more expensive, that the subsistence farmer in Nepal uses, in exchange for slowing the rate of growth of global warming by.01 C per century (just an example) and slowing the Nepal government from slowly providing electricity to their citizens would not be good idea (on a cost benefit analysis).

Think: wilderness protection schemes, like national parks in Canada, that have ejected Indigenous peoples from their traditional territories rendering them homeless and prevented from using their traditional lands for subsistence.)

Similarly, Indigenous peoples in developing countries have suffered grave human rights violations (including expulsion of traditional territories, forced relocation and the use of force to deny them access to resources needed for subsistence) under conservation schemes which purport to protect the forests, wildlife, or wilderness but not the people who have co-existed with them for centuries.

The reason or purpose underlying paragraph 12 [of the NRTA] was to secure to the Indians a supply of game and fish for their support and subsistence and clearly to permit hunting, trapping and fishing for food... In my view the distinction that Dickson J. drew in Moosehunter between hunting for «support and subsistence», and hunting for «sport or commercially» is far more consistent with the spirit of Treaty No. 8 and with the proposition that one should not assume that the legislature intended to abrogate or derogate from Treaty 8 hunting rights than the respondent's submission that in using the term «for food» the legislature intended to restrict Treaty 8 hunting rights to hunting for direct consumption of the product of the hunt.36

Whilst the cultural economy is understood by governments and others to describe the subsistence economy of the traditional owners [76], the Indigenous Nations of the MDB «use cultural economy to express themes of ecological restoration and repair, using the logic of holism to connect ecology, culture and economy».

In the absence of a determination of exclusive rights of possession, occupation, use and enjoyment, the inclusion in the determination of a right to trade in resources was essential to extend their acknowledged fishing rights beyond their own subsistence needs.

The bulk of academic commentary also supports the assumption that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples should be confined to exercising rights of customary use and small scale subsistence fishing only.40