Sentences with word «substantia»

Stronger support for inflammation as a factor in PD comes from work in animal models of PD, which shows that drugs that inhibit pro-inflammatory responses by targeting the cytokine TNF can prevent degeneration of substantia nigra neurons.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects predominately dopamine - producing («dopaminergic») neurons in a specific area of the brain called substantia nigra.

It results from a deterioration of dopamine producing cells in the brain (an area known as substantia nigra).

For the Fathers and for the theologians of the Middle Ages, it was clear that the Greek word hypostasis was to be rendered in Latin with the term substantia -LSB-...] faith is the «substance» of things hoped for; the proof of things not seen.

Manifestum est ergo, quia homines dixit deos, ex gratia sua deificatos, non de substantia sua natos.

He is as much God as Father and Son, and He too is «of the same substance» («unius substantiae, unius quoque esse naturae» Toledo XI 675 AD - DS 527).

This was translated into Latin as substantia which, of course, becomes substance in English.

This involves killing substantia nigra neurons on one side of the brains of rats, which then develop a movement imbalance that causes them to turn in circles, as well as exhibiting other symptoms.

There were even hints that the cells might be producing growth factors that encourage the remaining substantia nigra cells to sprout new connections.

32: Kraytsberg Y, Kudryavtseva E, McKee AC, Geula C, Kowall NW, Khrapko K. Mitochondrial DNA deletions are abundant and cause functional impairment in aged human substantia nigra neurons.

Since substantia nigra neurons modulate muscle movement, patients suffer progressive loss of motor coordination and develop tremors, and often experience cognitive decline.

Vitamin D also affects sensory neurons to modulate pain, influences neuron excitability and acts at the level of substantia gelatinosa and spinal ganglion in the process of sensory perception.

are found in substantia nigra neurons of PD patients.

The major significance of the paper is that it resolves the long - standing controversy about the role of α - Syn Lewy bodies in the degeneration of substantia nigra dopamine neurons, thereby sharpening the focus on Lewy bodies as targets for discovery of disease modifying therapy for Parkinson patients.

For example, at the Council of Nicea (325) the word hypostasis was equated with ousia (essence) and was translated in Latin as substantia (substance)(DS 126), yet in 451 the Council of Chalcedon distinguished hypostasis from physis, the equivalent of ousia, as person from nature, or substance (DS 301 - 02).

At the same time, Tertullian said, we do not worship three gods, for each of the divine persons is «of one substance» (una substantia).

Tertullian also introduced the term substantia to mean the one substance that the Father, Son, and Spirit share.

High levels of mitochondrial DNA deletions in substantia nigra neurons in aging and Parkinson disease.

For it has nothing to do with the verb «to be,» and derives rather from the Latin, «substantia», denoting something «standing under» another, although, as we shall see, this is in a crucial sense not what Aristotle meant by ousia!

It was, however, by his logical works that Aristotle first became widely known to the Western world, so that the Boethian logical term, «substantia», stuck (DBAM 68).

So, said the old theologians, God is one «substantia,» one essence and being, but in Christian experience he appears in three «personae,» plays three parts, unveils himself to his children in three characters — Father - Creator; Christ the Revealer; the Spirit, our indwelling Friend and Comforter.

Under the proposed law, called the Made in America Act, businesses that contract with the county would have to guarantee that the goods or materials they provide are manufactured or produced «in whole, or in substantia...

These symptoms arise because nerve cells producing the neurotransmitter dopamine, located in an area of the brain known as the substantia nigra, slowly die.

In a three - stage meta - analysis, Harvard University neurologist Clemens Scherzer and his collaborators analyzed gene expression in 410 samples taken from patients that either had symptomatic or asymptomatic Parkinson's or were healthy, including 185 samples of substantia nigra — a midbrain region where dopamine neurons are particularly susceptible to degeneration.

The symptoms of Parkinson's — which is characterized by stiffness and can lead to a loss of motor and speech function — are triggered by the progressive death of neurons in a midbrain region called the substantia nigra that produce the neurotransmitter dopamine (implicated in the pleasure and reward systems as well as in the maintenance of proper movement control).

Researchers observed a 50 percent loss of cells when they injected normal mice with an agent that selectively kills dopamine neurons of the substantia nigra (to emulate Parkinson's) semiweekly for five weeks.

According to Surmeier, when young, the dopamine - producing neurons in the substantia nigra appear to rely on sodium for signaling, as well.

A second research team injected human neural stem cells into the substantia nigras of 27 African green monkeys in which it had induced Parkinson's symptoms (including difficulty eating, tremors and stiffness).

The researchers hypothesize that, in the case of Parkinson's, these calcium ions are not properly sequestered or ferried out of the substantia nigra neurons, making those cells possibly more vulnerable to toxins.

Their analysis focused on the substantia nigra, a brain structure where Parkinson's disease kills neurons that use the chemical dopamine to communicate with other cells.

Parkinson's disease destroys dopamine - producing cells in the substantia nigra, which connect to adjacent brain areas.

Dr. Vaillancourt's study showed that a greater free water increase in the substantia nigra was associated with a decrease in dopamine neuron activity in one of these nearby regions, supporting the idea that free water changes are related to progression of the disease.

Even more surprisingly, the researchers observed that areas of the brain, the globus pallidus and the substantia nigra, which participate in the reward circuit (activated when we love something), were more involved in people who do not like cheese than in those who do.

That's because the movement problems and other symptoms of the disease are caused by the death of neurons, located in a part of the brain called the substantia nigra, that produce the neurotransmitter dopamine.

Last year, the same researchers showed that the trigger came from cells in a structure in the embryonic brain called the floor plate, which dopamine cells brush past while migrating to their eventual home in a part of the brain called the substantia nigra.

PD is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, primarily caused by the death of dopamine - containing neurons in the substantia nigra, a region of the brain involved in motor control.

The researchers also report that the number of dopamine - releasing neurons in the substantia nigra — the neurons that die off in Parkinson's disease — declined by 17 % in the infected mice.

Glutamate indirectly activates the substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area, which contain cells whose axons release dopamine in the hippocampus.

Parkinson's disease is a slowly progressive disease that affects a small area of cells within the mid-brain known as the substantia nigra.

When a rewarding choice has been made, the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) releases dopamine into the striatum to reinforce connections between cortex and striatum, so that rewarded actions are more likely to be repeated.

For ethical reasons, researchers can not take cells from the substantia nigra to study them.