Sentences with word «substellar»

We conduct a Bayesian analysis to determine the frequency of substellar companions orbiting low - mass stars, using a homogenous sub-sample of 54 stars.

On June 11, 2008, On August 24, 2006, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) voted at the meeting of its Executive Committee to establish bright «dwarf planets beyond the orbit of Neptune as a new class of substellar objects in the Solar System called «plutoids» (IAU press release).

On August 24, 2006, the International Astronomical Union voted at the end of its 26th General Assembly to establish a new class of substellar objects in the Solar System called «dwarf planets», which may eventually encompass many large and relatively round celestial objects such as inner Oort Cloud member Sedna.

Using the radial velocity technique pioneered by Geoffrey Marcy and Paul Butler, the Lick Planet Search for substellar companions has thus far failed to find a brown dwarf or large Jupiter - or Saturn - mass object in a «torch» orbit around Beta Comae Berenices (Cumming et al, 1999).

Previous studies using three - dimensional climate models have shown that slowly rotating plants orbiting these low - mass stars should develop thick water clouds form at substellar point, at the point at which the star is directly overhead, which should increase the reflectivity, and thus stabilize the planet against increased warming at the inner edge of the habitable zone.

The failure, thus far, to find large substellar objects like brown dwarfs or a Jupiter - or Saturn - class planet in a «torch» orbit (closer han the Mercury to Sun distance) around 107 Piscium — with even the highly sensitive radial - velocity technique of Geoffrey W. Marcy and R. Paul Butler — bodes well for the possibility of Earth - type terrestrial planets around this star (Cumming et al, 1999).

The photometry and radial velocity observations suggested that the candidate was an object of substellar mass in orbit around an F star.

PSO J077.1033 +24.3809 is the coolest substellar member of Taurus found to date.

The YSO mass function (MF), constructed using a theoretical mass - luminosity relation, shows peaks at substellar (~ 0.08 - 0.18 Msolar) and intermediate (~ 1 - 1.78 Msolar) mass ranges for the IRS 1 - 3 region.

Thought to have approximate masses between 13 and 80 Jupiters, they can be defined neither as massive planets nor tiny stars; they're entirely different substellar curiosities that possess qualities of both.

Neither massive planets nor tiny stars, brown dwarfs are entirely different substellar curiosities that possess qualities of both.

Brown dwarfs are essentially substellar bodies that failed to gather enough mass during their formative period to sustain the nuclear fusion process raging at the heart of other main sequence stars.

Brown dwarfs were originally called black dwarfs, a classification for dark substellar objects floating freely in space which were too low in mass to sustain stable hydrogen fusion.

Direct images of Gl 105A obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and radial velocity analysis have failed to reveal substellar companions as faint and small as brown dwarfs lying within at least 10 AUs of the star (Golimowski et al, 2000, in ps; Schroeder et al, 2000; and Cummings et al, 1999).

The most metal - poor substellar object», Z. H. Zhang, D. Homeier, D. J. Pinfield, N. Lodieu, H. R. A. Jones, F. Allard, and Ya.

Finally, we spectroscopically confirm the cool temperature and substellar nature of HD 23514 B, a recently discovered M8 benchmark brown dwarf orbiting the dustiest - known member of the Pleiades.

I will present new spatially resolved observations of the T Cha and LkCa 15 transition disks, both of which host posited substellar companions.

2MASS J02155892 - 0929121 C is a new M7 substellar companion (40 - 60 Mjup) with clear spectroscopic signs of low gravity and hence youth.

Our followup spectroscopy has identified two new companions as well as confirmed two companions previously identified from photometry, with spectral types of M7.5 - M9 and masses of ~ 15 - 60 Mjup, indicating a frequency for such wide substellar companions of ~ 0.6 + / -0.3 %.

We investigate the atypical properties of the companion, which has the reddest near - infrared colours among all known substellar objects, either orbiting a star or isolated, and we provide a comprehensive characterisation of the host star - disc - companion system.

Hints of this massive substellar object were first detected in high - precision radial velocity data gathered as much as a decade ago from Lick Observatory on Mount Hamilton in Califonia.

The presence of stellar or major substellar companions has not been definitively ruled out (more below).

(See an animation of the orbit of this possible substellar object around Aldebaran, with a table of basic orbital and physical characteristics.)

In addition, Ceres» light spectrum suggests that it may have ammonium - rich clay at the surface, which would fit the expected ammonia - rich composition of large, differentiated substellar objects in the outer Solar System, including the «plutoids» defined on June 11, 2008 by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) as a new class of bright «dwarf planets beyond the orbit of Neptune (IAU press release).

Ackerman, A.S., and M.S. Marley, 2001: Precipitating condensation clouds in substellar atmospheres.

And yet, the shifted dayside hotspot suggests something is redistributing heat anyway, sweeping it eastward away from the «substellar point» on the planet's surface where the star's radiance is most intense.

Using the radial velocity technique pioneered by Geoffrey Marcy and Paul Butler, the Lick Planet Search for substellar companions has thus far failed to find a brown dwarf or large Jupiter - or Saturn - mass object in a «torch» orbit around Chi1 Orionis A (Cumming et al, 1999).

Abstract: Substellar members of young ($ \ lesssim $ 150 Myr) moving groups are valuable benchmarks to empirically define brown dwarf evolution with age and to study the low - mass end of the initial mass function.

This may represent an observational evidence that the frequency of imaged wide - orbit substellar companions is correlated with stellar mass, corroborating theoretical expectations.

Some of these objects have masses large enough to support hydrogen fusion and are therefore stars, but most are of substellar mass and are therefore brown dwarfs.

We further show that SPHERE is the most promising instrument available to search for close - in substellar objects around nearby white dwarfs.

«Water is a signature of substellar objects.

There may be a large number of undetected bright, substellar objects similar to giant exoplanets in our own solar neighborhood, according to new work from a team led by Carnegie's Jonathan Gagné and including researchers from the Institute for Research on Exoplanets (iREx) at Université de Montréal.

The Substellar Objects in Nearby Young Clusters (SONYC) survey included the star cluster NGC 1333, 1000 light years away in the constellation of Perseus.

A substellar companion at that distance would imply an orbital period of around a year, or it could be in a highly eccentric orbit with a much greater average distance from Proxima.

I. Engulfment of substellar companions.

The following table lists Sol - type stars (of spectral types F6 to K0) that appear to have substellar companions, by increasing distance in light - years from Earth.

Today, many astronomers also believe that the primary itself may have another close orbiting, stellar or large substellar companion.

6,000 - mile - per - hour winds may have offset the planet's hot spot by 30 degrees from the planet's substellar «high noon» (more).

Eventually, it was determined that no substellar objects around CM Draconis larger than about three Jupiter - masses are orbiting closer than one AU (Doyle et al, 2000).

Surprisingly, the hot spot was found to be offset by about 30 degrees longitudinally east from the substellar point of the planet where «high noon» would be.

Caltech astronomer Ben Oppenheimer, who helped to discover the apparent brown dwarf, Gliese 229 B, is part of a growing group that would like to define a brown dwarf as an substellar object with the mass of 13 to 80 (or so) Jupiters.

Rapid rotators show a mean zonal circulation that only partially spans a hemisphere, with banded cloud formation beneath the substellar point.

We identified several candidates around known stellar members using a combination of color selection and spectral energy distribution... ▽ More We have combined optical and NIR photometry from Pan-STARRS 1 and UKIDSS to search the young (5 - 10 Myr) star - forming region of Upper Scorpius for wide (~ 400-4000 AU) substellar companions down to ~ 5 Mjup.

Our companions represent a selective subsample of promising candidates and span a range in spectral type of K7 - L9 with the addition of one DA white d... ▽ More We present the discovery of 61 wide (> 5 arcsecond) separation, low - mass (stellar and substellar) companions to stars in the solar neighborhood identified from Pan-STARRS \, 1 (PS1) data and the spectral classification of 27 previously known companions.